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    PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR LIGHT-DRIVEN PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN WITH A PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL
    1.
    发明申请
    PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR LIGHT-DRIVEN PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN WITH A PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL 有权
    光电化学电池，用于光电化学细胞生产氢和氧的光驱的系统和方法，以及用于生产光电化学电池的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20150068915A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-03-12

    申请号：US14389564

    申请日：2013-03-15

    申请人： Sascha Hoch ,  Matthias Blug ,  Jens Busse ,  Wolfram Calvet ,  Bernhard Kaiser ,  Wolfram Jaegermann ,  Hanna Hahn ,  Horst-Werner Zanthoff

    发明人： Sascha Hoch ,  Matthias Blug ,  Jens Busse ,  Wolfram Calvet ,  Bernhard Kaiser ,  Wolfram Jaegermann ,  Hanna Hahn ,  Horst-Werner Zanthoff

    IPC分类号： C25B1/00 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B1/10

    CPC分类号： C25B1/003 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/10 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B9/10 ,  C25B11/035 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01L31/076 ,  Y02E60/368 ,  Y02P20/135

    摘要： The invention relates to a photoelectrochemical cell 100 for light-driven production of hydrogen and oxygen, especially from water or another electrolyte based on aqueous solution, having a photoelectric layer structure 1 and an electrochemical layer structure 2 in a layer construction 40, where—the photoelectric layer structure 1 for absorption of light 3 uninfluenced by the electrolyte 10 forms a front side 41 of the layer structure 40, and—the electrochemical layer structure 2, for accommodation of the electrolyte 10, forms a reverse side 42 of the layer construction 40, and—a conductive and corrosion-inhibiting coupling layer 13 forms electrical contact between the photoelectric layer structure 1 and the electrochemical layer structure 2 in the layer construction 40, where—the electrochemical layer structure 2 has an electrode structure of a front electrode 21 and an electrode structure of a rear electrode 22, between which is arranged an ion exchange layer 61 such that an integrated layer construction 40 is formed with the ion exchange layer 61 in contact with the electrode structure of the front electrode 21 formed for conversion of the electrolyte 10 and/or with the electrode structure of the rear electrode 22.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种光电化学电池100，其用于在层结构40中具有光电层结构1和电化学层结构2的光驱产生氢和氧，特别是水或基于水溶液的另一种电解质，其中 - 用于吸收不受电解质10影响的光3的光电层结构1形成层结构40的前侧41，并且用于容纳电解质10的电化学层结构2形成层结构40的反面42 ，并且导电和腐蚀抑制耦合层13在层结构40中在光电层结构1和电化学层结构2之间形成电接触，其中电化学层结构2具有前电极21的电极结构和 背面电极22的电极结构，其间设置有离子交换层61， 形成与形成为电解质10和/或后电极22的电极结构而形成的前电极21的电极结构接触的离子交换层61。

    TWO-STAGE HYDROFORMYLATION PROCESS WITH CIRCULATING GAS AND SILP TECHNOLOGY
    3.
    发明申请
    TWO-STAGE HYDROFORMYLATION PROCESS WITH CIRCULATING GAS AND SILP TECHNOLOGY 有权
    具有循环气和硅胶技术的两级氢化方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160304426A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-10-20

    申请号：US15103842

    申请日：2014-12-10

    申请人： Marc Becker ,  Katrin Marie Dyballa ,  Robert Franke ,  Dirk Fridag ,  Hanna Hahn ,  Marina Lazar ,  Markus Priske ,  Guido Stochniol

    发明人： Marc Becker ,  Katrin Marie Dyballa ,  Robert Franke ,  Dirk Fridag ,  Hanna Hahn ,  Marina Lazar ,  Markus Priske ,  Guido Stochniol

    IPC分类号： C07C45/50 ,  C07C45/79 ,  B01D61/36 ,  B01J31/18 ,  B01J31/02 ,  B01D5/00 ,  C07C45/82 ,  B01J31/24

    CPC分类号： C07C45/50 ,  B01D5/006 ,  B01D5/0072 ,  B01D61/362 ,  B01D61/38 ,  B01D2311/02 ,  B01D2311/04 ,  B01D2311/06 ,  B01D2311/263 ,  B01D2311/2669 ,  B01D2311/2673 ,  B01J31/0292 ,  B01J31/1845 ,  B01J31/185 ,  B01J31/24 ,  B01J2231/321 ,  B01J2531/822 ,  C07C45/786 ,  C07C45/79 ,  C07C45/82 ,  C07C47/02

    摘要： The invention relates to processes for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of alkenes, in which an alkene-containing feed mixture is subjected to a primary hydroformylation with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system, the primary hydroformylation being effected in a primary reaction zone from which a cycle gas containing at least some of the products and unconverted reactants of the primary hydroformylation are drawn off continuously and partly condensed, with recycling of uncondensed components of the cycle gas into the primary reaction zone, and with distillative separation of condensed components of the cycle gas in an aldehyde removal stage to give an aldehyde-rich mixture and a low-aldehyde mixture. The problem that it addresses is that of developing the process such that it achieves high conversions and affords aldehyde in good product quality even in the case of a deteriorating raw material position. More particularly, a solution is to be found for making legacy oxo process plants capable of utilizing lower-value raw material sources. This problem is solved by separating the low-aldehyde mixture into a retentate and a permeate by means of a membrane separation unit in such a way that alkenes present in the low-aldehyde mixture become enriched in the permeate, while alkanes present in the low-aldehyde mixture become enriched in the retentate. The alkene-rich permeate is then transferred into a secondary reaction zone and subjected to a secondary hydroformylation therein with synthesis gas in the presence of an SILP catalyst system. The reaction product obtained from the secondary hydroformylation is recycled into the aldehyde removal stage.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过烯烃的加氢甲酰化制备醛的方法，其中含烯烃的进料混合物在均相催化剂体系的存在下用合成气进行初级加氢甲酰化，初级加氢甲酰化在主反应区 其中包含至少一些产物的循环气体和初级加氢甲酰基化的未转化的反应物被连续地和部分地冷凝，循环气体的未冷凝的组分循环进入初级反应区，并且通过蒸馏分离 在醛去除阶段中循环气体，得到富含醛的混合物和低醛混合物。 它所解决的问题是开发该方法，即使在原料位置恶化的情况下，其达到高转化率并提供良好的产品质量的醛。 更具体地说，可以找到一种解决方案，用于制造能够利用较低价值的原材料来源的传统氧化工艺装置。 通过将低醛混合物通过膜分离单元将低醛混合物分离成滞留物和渗透物来解决，使得存在于低醛混合物中的烯烃变得富集在渗透物中， 醛混合物在保留物中变得富集。 然后将富含烯烃的渗透物转移到第二反应区中，并在有SILP催化剂体系的情况下用合成气对其进行二次加氢甲酰化。 从二次加氢甲酰化得到的反应产物再循环到醛去除阶段。