Abstract:
A cylinder liner (2) for a cylinder block has a contouring (6) at one end. The contouring (6) serves to support the liner (2) on a sleeve (4) inside a die-casting tool. When the liner (2) is cast in, recesses (10) of the liner (2) are filled by the material of the cylinder crankcase whereby preventing the liner (2) from seating toward an oil chamber (14). The invention also relates to a method for producing a cylinder liner of the aforementioned type.
Abstract:
A casting die for the production of a cylinder block/crankcase of an internal combustion engine includes at least one sleeve, which may be moved relative to its axis and is fitted in each case with a cylinder liner, the sleeve keeping open the cylinder bore of the cylinder block/crankcase and extending from a wall on the cylinder-head side of the die to a wall on the crankshaft side of the casting die. The cylinder liner ends at least 3 mm before the wall on the cylinder-head side of the casting die, and the cylinder liner is held at a distance from the wall on the cylinder-head side of the casting die by a spacer.
Abstract:
In a process for dressing a substantially flat substrate having on at least one side a rough surface fibers protruding therefrom, there is first heated a support member, the upper side of which consists of silicone rubber having anti-adhesive properties and comprises small recesses for transmitting a pattern to said dressing, whereupon a first aqueous dispersion of synthetic plastics material is applied onto the upper side of this support member for forming a first layer of the dressing. Subsequently, this support member is heated from the bottom side located opposite the upper side of the support member at least till solidification of the first layer. Subsequently a second aqueous dispersion of synthetic plastics material is applied onto the solidified first layer or onto the rough surface of the substrate, said second dispersion forming a second layer of the dressing when having become solidified. In the following, the substrate is placed with its rough surface onto the solidified first layer, the applied second aqueous dispersion of synthetic plastics material still being in a wet stage. Subsequently, the support member is heated from its bottom side and a pressure is applied onto the upper side of the substrate during a time interval of at least 10 seconds, whereby the second aqueous dispersion of synthetic plastics material becomes solified. Subsequently, the substrate provided with the dressing is removed from the support member.
Abstract:
A layer composition, which may be used for making shoes, upholstery or the like, comprising a carrier layer and a cover layer adhering thereto. The cover layer essentially consists of a synthetic resin material which bubbles are imbedded. The shells of the bubbles consists of a thermoplastic synthetic resin material other than the material of the cover layer. Preferably the shell of the bubbles consists of an elastic copolymer of polyvinylidene chloride and/or of a copolymer of polyvinyl chloride. The bubbles are bonded to the material of the cover layer and have hollow cores containing a gas, preferably air. The volume of the hollow cores amounts to at least 25%, preferably 50 to 85%, of the total volume of the cover layer.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for fine machining a cylindrical inner surface which has materials of different hardnesses in the axial direction, and comprises the following steps: pre-turning of the surface, with at least one softer area of the surface being pre-turned to a greater diameter than a harder area, honing of at least the harder area down to the diameter level of the softer area.
Abstract:
A valve for flow control with a flow recess and with a valve seat inside the flow recess is located beyond the axis of rotation of a rotating component and extends parallel to the axis of rotation. Inside the flow recess there is a movable valve body which interacts with the valve seat. A return spring takes effect on the valve body and the valve body is pressed in a closed position in the valve seat by the flow medium.
Abstract:
An insole for shoes, with which, after having made a connection, preferably by sewing, between the insole and the shoe upper, a body of polyurethane forming the running sole and/or the foot bed is applied to the bottom side of the insole by foaming operation, consists of a fleece substantially formed of synthetic fibres and having arranged therein a reinforcing insert approximately extending in parallel relation to the upper side of the insole. At least the upper portion of the fleece, which is adjacent the upper side of the insole on which rests the foot, is impregnated with a dispersion or emulsion containing at least 1 percent by weight of hollow microspheres, the thin shell of which consists of a vinylidene chloride copolymer and the hollow core of which contains a gas. The hollow microspheres can already be present in the dispersion or emulsion prior to the impregnating step, it is, however, also possible to provide within the dispersion or emulsion compact particles from which are, after the impregnating step, formed the hollow microspheres in situ by supplying heat.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a system for supplying hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic system, with an operating reservoir that accepts the hydraulic fluid provided for the operation of the hydraulic system and an auxiliary reservoir connected to the operating reservoir over a hydraulic line for intermediate storage of hydraulic fluid withdrawn from the operating reservoir. According to the invention, an air pump is available that is connected on the one hand on its low pressure side to a suction line that ends in a fluid free area of the auxiliary reservoir, so that a negative pressure can be built up in the auxiliary reservoir as against the external atmospheric pressure, and that is connected, on the other hand, to a control line that is provided with a control opening that is covered by the hydraulic fluid in the operating reservoir at least before the air pump is put into operation.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a cylinder crankcase (4) comprising at least one cylinder liner (2) which is integrally cast in the cylinder crankcase (4). The cylinder liner (2) runs in the cylinder crankcase (4) from a cylinder-head side (6) to an oil-chamber side (8) and has an inner side (10) and an outer side (14). The invention is characterized in that the cylinder liner (2), at least at one end, is longer along the inner side (10) in the axial direction (20) than on the outer side (14). The transition from the inner side (10) to the outer side (14) is affected in the form of encircling, concentric steps (22).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a cylinder crankcase (4) comprising at least one cylinder liner (2) which is integrally cast in the cylinder crankcase (4). The cylinder liner (2) runs in the cylinder crankcase (4) from a cylinder-head side (6) to an oil-chamber side (8) and has an inner side (10) and an outer side (14). The invention is characterized in that the cylinder liner (2), at least at one end, is longer along the inner side (10) in the axial direction (20) than on the outer side (14). The transition from the inner side (10) to the outer side (14) is effected in the form of encircling, concentric steps (22).