公开(公告)号：US07111497B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-26

申请号：US10787339

申请日：2004-02-26

Applicant: Curtis Goad ,  James R. Carl ,  Fred Dyer

Inventor： Curtis Goad ,  James R. Carl ,  Fred Dyer

IPC: G01M3/16 ,  G01M3/40

CPC classification number: G01M3/186

Abstract: A leak detection apparatus detects leaks or premature wearing in a lined fluid filled vessel. A leak detection apparatus comprises a current density meter, a power supply, and a probe. The probe is inserted into the fluid filled vessel. The power supply supplies an AC or DC electric current to a directional amplifier of the probe. A torroid of the probe senses the current density in the fluid and sends an electrical signal to the current density meter. The current density meter measures the electrical signal and communicates a current density readout to a display. This readout indicates to an operator whether or not there is a crack, premature wearing, or a bypass.

Abstract translation: 泄漏检测装置检测衬里流体填充容器中的泄漏或过早磨损。 泄漏检测装置包括电流密度计，电源和探针。 将探头插入流体填充的容器中。 电源为探头的定向放大器提供交流或直流电流。 探头的旋转体感测流体中的电流密度，并向电流密度计发送电信号。 电流密度计测量电信号并将电流密度读数传送到显示器。 此读数向操作员显示是否存在裂纹，过早磨损或旁路。

公开(公告)号：US07019518B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

申请号：US09981775

申请日：2001-10-16

Applicant: Bijan K. Amini ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： Bijan K. Amini ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01B7/06 ,  G01R33/12

CPC classification number: G01B7/10

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method and apparatus for determining the thickness of a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material when only one side of the material is accessible. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for engaging a constant signal with the ferromagnetic material for inducing a changed signal, generating a stepped saturation signal over a range of currents for engagement with the ferromagnetic material, detecting the changed signal as the saturation signal is varied over the range of currents, determining the relationship between the changed signal and the stepped saturation signal, and evaluating the thickness of the material based upon the relationship between the changed signal and the stepped saturation signal. In another embodiment, the invention provides for an apparatus comprising a transmitter for engaging a constant signal with the ferromagnetic material for creating a changed signal, a saturation device for generating a saturation signal over a range of currents for engagement with the ferromagnetic material, a receiver for detecting the changed signal as the saturation signal is varied over the range of currents, such that the relationship between the changed signal and the saturation signal is determined, and the thickness of the material based upon the relationship is determined.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种仅当材料的一侧可接近时确定铁磁或顺磁性材料的厚度的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种用于将恒定信号与铁磁材料接合以引起改变的信号的方法，用于在与铁磁材料接合的电流范围内产生阶梯饱和信号，当饱和信号为 在电流范围内变化，确定改变的信号和阶梯式饱和信号之间的关系，并且基于改变的信号和阶梯式饱和信号之间的关系来评估材料的厚度。 在另一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种装置，其包括用于将恒定信号与铁磁材料接合以产生改变的信号的发射器，用于在与铁磁材料接合的电流范围内产生饱和信号的饱和装置， 用于在饱和信号在电流范围上变化时检测改变的信号，从而确定改变的信号与饱和信号之间的关系，并且确定基于该关系的材料的厚度。

公开(公告)号：US06651739B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US09793817

申请日：2001-02-21

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

IPC: E21B4704

CPC classification number: G01S13/325 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01V3/12 ,  Y02A90/344

Abstract: System and methods are disclosed for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic pulses through a geological formation. A preferably programmable transmitter having an all-digital portion in a preferred embodiment may be operated at frequencies below 1 MHz without loss of target resolution by transmitting and over sampling received long PN codes. A gated and stored portion of the received signal may be correlated with the PN code to determine distances of interfaces within the geological formation, such as the distance of a water interfaces from a wellbore. The received signal is oversampled preferably at rates such as five to fifty times as high as a carrier frequency. In one method of the invention, an oil well with multiple production zones may be kept in production by detecting an approaching water front in one of the production zones and shutting down that particular production zone thereby permitting the remaining production zones to continue operating.

公开(公告)号：US06226553B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09501150

申请日：2000-02-09

Applicant: James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

Inventor： James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

IPC: A61F200

CPC classification number: A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/1206 ,  A61B18/1492 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61B2018/00351 ,  A61B2018/00577 ,  A61B2018/00732 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1861 ,  A61N1/06

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided to treat atherosclerosis wherein the artery is partially closed by dilating the artery while preserving the vital and sensitive endothelial layer thereof. Microwave energy having a frequency from 3 GHz to 300 GHz is propagated into the arterial wall to produce a desired temperature profile therein at tissue depths sufficient for thermally necrosing connective tissue and softening fatty and waxy plaque while limiting heating of surrounding tissues including the endothelial layer and/or other healthy tissue, organs, and blood. The heating period for raising the temperature a potentially desired amount about 20° C., within the atherosclerotic lesion may be less than about one second. In one embodiment of the invention, a radically beveled waveguide antenna is used to deliver microwave energy at frequencies from 25 GHz or 30 GHz to about 300 GHz and is focused towards a particular radial sector of the artery. Because the atherosclerotic lesions are often asymmetrically disposed, directable or focussed heating preserves healthy sectors of the artery and applies energy to the asymmetrically positioned lesion faster than a non-directed beam. A computer simulation predicts isothermic temperature profiles for the given conditions and may be used in selecting power, pulse duration, beam width, and frequency of operation to maximize energy deposition and control heat rise within the atherosclerotic lesion without harming healthy tissues or the sensitive endothelium cells.

Abstract translation: 提供了治疗动脉粥样硬化的方法和装置，其中动脉通过扩张动脉而部分闭合，同时保留其重要且敏感的内皮层。 具有频率从3GHz到300GHz的微波能量传播到动脉壁中以在组织深度处产生期望的温度曲线，其组织深度足以热破坏结缔组织和软化脂肪和蜡状斑块，同时限制包括内皮层的周围组织的加热和 /或其他健康的组织，器官和血液。 在动脉粥样硬化病变期间将温度升高约20℃的潜在期望量的加热期可以小于约1秒。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用自旋斜面波导天线以25GHz或30GHz至约300GHz的频率传送微波能量，并且朝着动脉的特定径向扇区聚焦。 由于动脉粥样硬化病变通常不对称地布置，可直接或聚焦的加热保留了动脉的健康部分，并且比非定向束更快地将能量施加到不对称定位的病变处。 计算机模拟预测给定条件下的等温温度曲线，并且可用于选择功率，脉冲持续时间，波束宽度和操作频率以最大限度地增加能量沉积并控制动脉粥样硬化病变中的热上升而不伤害健康组织或敏感的内皮细胞 。

公开(公告)号：US06223086B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09504768

申请日：2000-02-09

Applicant: James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

Inventor： James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

IPC: A61F200

CPC classification number: A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/1206 ,  A61B18/1492 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61B2018/00351 ,  A61B2018/00577 ,  A61B2018/00732 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1861 ,  A61N1/06

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided to treat atherosclerosis wherein the artery is partially closed by dilating the artery while preserving the vital and sensitive endothelial layer thereof. Microwave energy having a frequency from 3 GHz to 300 GHz is propagated into the arterial wall to produce a desired temperature profile therein at tissue depths sufficient for thermally necrosing connective tissue and softening fatty and waxy plaque while limiting heating of surrounding tissues including the endothelial layer and/or other healthy tissue, organs, and blood. The heating period for raising the temperature a potentially desired amount, about 20° C. within the atherosclerotic lesion may be less than about one second. In one embodiment of the invention, a radically beveled waveguide antenna is used to deliver microwave energy at frequencies from 25 GHz or 30 GHz to about 300 GHz and is focused towards a particular radial sector of the artery. Because the atherosclerotic lesions are often asymmetrically disposed directable or focussed heating preserves healthy sectors of the artery and applies energy to the asymmetrically positioned lesion faster than a non-directed beam. A computer simulation predicts isothermic temperature profiles for the given conditions and may be used in selecting power, pulse duration, beam width, and frequency of operation to maximize energy deposition and control heat rise within the atherosclerotic lesion without harming healthy tissues or the sensitive endothelium cells.

Abstract translation: 提供了治疗动脉粥样硬化的方法和装置，其中动脉通过扩张动脉而部分闭合，同时保留其重要且敏感的内皮层。 具有频率从3GHz到300GHz的微波能量传播到动脉壁中以在组织深度处产生期望的温度曲线，其组织深度足以热破坏结缔组织和软化脂肪和蜡状斑块，同时限制包括内皮层的周围组织的加热和 /或其他健康的组织，器官和血液。 在动脉粥样硬化病变期间将温度提高至约20℃的潜在期望量的加热期可以小于约1秒。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用自旋斜面波导天线以25GHz或30GHz至约300GHz的频率传送微波能量，并且朝着动脉的特定径向扇区聚焦。 由于动脉粥样硬化病变通常是不对称地布置的可直接或聚焦的加热保留了动脉的健康部分，并且比非定向的束更快地将能量施加到不对称定位的病变处。 计算机模拟预测给定条件下的等温温度曲线，并且可用于选择功率，脉冲持续时间，波束宽度和操作频率以最大限度地增加能量沉积并控制动脉粥样硬化病变中的热上升而不伤害健康组织或敏感的内皮细胞 。

公开(公告)号：US5741979A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US556241

申请日：1995-11-09

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01F1/708 ,  G01F1/74

CPC classification number: G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/708

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for determining the velocity of individual food particles within a liquid/solid food mixture that is cooked by an aseptic cooking method whereby the food mixture is heated as it flows through a flowline. At least one upstream and at least one downstream microwave transducer are provided to determine the minimum possible travel time of the fastest food particle through the flowline. In one embodiment, the upstream detector is not required. In another embodiment, a plurality of small dipole antenna markers are secured to a plurality of food particles to provide a plurality of signals as the markers pass the upstream and downstream transducers. The dipole antenna markers may also include a non-linear element to reradiate a harmonic frequency of a transmitter frequency. Upstream and downstream transducers include dipole antennas that are matched to the impedance of the food slurry and a signal transmission cable by various impedance matching means including unbalanced feed to the antennas.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于确定通过无菌烹饪方法烹饪的液体/固体食物混合物中的单个食物颗粒的速度的方法和装置，由此当食物混合物流过流线时被加热。 提供至少一个上游和至少一个下游微波换能器以确定最快的食物颗粒通过流线的最小可行程时间。 在一个实施例中，不需要上游检测器。 在另一个实施例中，随着标记通过上游和下游换能器，多个小偶极子天线标记被固定到多个食物颗粒以提供多个信号。 偶极天线标记还可以包括用于重新辐射发射机频率的谐波频率的非线性元件。 上游和下游换能器包括与食物浆料的阻抗相匹配的偶极子天线，以及通过包括对天线的不平衡馈电的各种阻抗匹配装置的信号传输电缆。

公开(公告)号：US08388613B1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12757657

申请日：2010-04-09

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  Chau T. Phan ,  Diane L. Byerly ,  John R. Dusl ,  Marguerite A. Sognier ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  Chau T. Phan ,  Diane L. Byerly ,  John R. Dusl ,  Marguerite A. Sognier ,  James R. Carl

IPC: A61B18/14

CPC classification number: A61B18/1815 ,  A61B2017/00513 ,  A61B2018/00755 ,  A61B2018/00785

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for joining biological tissue together are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, a method for joining biological tissue together can include applying a biological solder on a wound. A barrier layer can be disposed on the biological solder. An antenna can be located in proximate spatial relationship to the barrier layer. An impedance of the antenna can be matched to an impedance of the wound. Microwaves from a signal generator can be transmitted through the antenna to weld two or more biological tissue pieces of the wound together. A power of the microwaves can be adjusted by a control circuit disposed between the antenna and the signal generator. The heating profile within the tissue may be adjusted and controlled by the placement of metallic microspheres in or around the wound.

Abstract translation: 提供了将生物组织连接在一起的方法和装置。 在至少一个具体实施方案中，将生物组织连接在一起的方法可以包括将生物焊料施加在伤口上。 阻挡层可以设置在生物焊料上。 天线可以位于与阻挡层邻近的空间关系中。 天线的阻抗可以与伤口的阻抗匹配。 来自信号发生器的微波可以通过天线传播，以将伤口的两个或更多个生物组织碎片焊接在一起。 可以通过设置在天线和信号发生器之间的控制电路来调节微波的功率。 可以通过将金属微球体置于伤口周围或周围来调节和控制组织内的加热曲线。

公开(公告)号：US06995572B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US09803613

申请日：2001-03-05

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  James D. Siekierski

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  James D. Siekierski

IPC: G01R27/04 ,  G01R27/32

CPC classification number: G08B19/02

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for determining a superstrate on or near a sensor, e.g., for detecting the presence of an ice superstrate on an airplane wing or a road. In one preferred embodiment, multiple measurement cells are disposed along a transmission line. While the present invention is operable with different types of transmission lines, construction details for a presently preferred coplanar waveguide and a microstrip waveguide are disclosed. A computer simulation is provided as part of the invention for predicting results of a simulated superstrate detector system. The measurement cells may be physically partitioned, non-physically partitioned with software or firmware, or include a combination of different types of partitions. In one embodiment, a plurality of transmission lines are utilized wherein each transmission line includes a plurality of measurement cells. The plurality of transmission lines may be multiplexed with the signal from each transmission line being applied to the same phase detector. In one embodiment, an inverse problem method is applied to determine the superstrate dielectric for a transmission line with multiple measurement cells.

公开(公告)号：US06650280B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09953612

申请日：2001-09-14

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly

IPC: G01S1308

CPC classification number: G01S15/584 ,  G01F23/284 ,  G01F23/2962 ,  G01F25/0061 ,  G01S13/10 ,  G01S13/862 ,  G01S15/101

Abstract: System and methods are disclosed for fluid measurements which may be utilized to determine mass flow rates such as instantaneous mass flow of a fluid stream. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention may be utilized to compare an input mass flow to an output mass flow of a drilling fluid circulation stream. In one embodiment, a fluid flow rate is determined by utilizing a microwave detector in combination with an acoustic sensor. The acoustic signal is utilized to eliminate 2&pgr; phase ambiguities in a reflected microwave signal. In another embodiment, a fluid flow rate may be determined by detecting a phase shift of an acoustic signal across two different predetermined transmission paths. A fluid density may be determined by detecting a calibrated phase shift of an acoustic signal through the fluid. In another embodiment, a second acoustic signal may be transmitted through the fluid to define a particular 2&pgr; phase range which defines the phase shift. The present invention may comprise multiple transmitters/receivers operating at different frequencies to measure instantaneous fuel levels of cryogenic fuels within containers positioned in zero or near zero gravity environments. In one embodiment, a moveable flexible collar of transmitter/receivers may be utilized to determine inhomogenuities within solid rocket fuel tubes.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于流体测量的系统和方法，其可用于确定质量流量，例如流体流的瞬时质量流量。 在优选实施例中，本发明可用于将输入质量流与钻井液循环流的输出质量流进行比较。 在一个实施例中，通过利用与声学传感器组合的微波检测器来确定流体流速。 声信号用于消除反射微波信号中的2pi相位模糊度。 在另一个实施例中，可以通过检测两个不同预定传输路径上的声信号的相移来确定流体流速。 可以通过检测通过流体的声信号的校准相移来确定流体密度。 在另一个实施例中，可以通过流体传输第二声信号以限定限定相移的特定2pi相位范围。 本发明可以包括以不同频率操作的多个发射器/接收器，以测量位于零或接近零重力环境的容器内的低温燃料的瞬时燃料含量。 在一个实施例中，发射机/接收机的可移动柔性环可用于确定固体火箭燃料管内的不均匀性。

公开(公告)号：US06944504B1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-13

申请号：US10302323

申请日：2002-11-19

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  W. Raffoul George

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  W. Raffoul George

IPC: A61F2/00

CPC classification number: A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61N5/045

Abstract: Methods, simulations, and apparatus are provided that may be utilized for medical treatments which are especially suitable for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of separate microwave antennas are utilized to heat prostatic tissue to promote necrosing of the prostatic tissue that relieves the pressure of the prostatic tissue against the urethra as the body reabsorbs the necrosed or dead tissue. By utilizing constructive and destructive interference of the microwave transmission, the energy can be deposited on the tissues to be necrosed while protecting other tissues such as the urethra. Saline injections to alter the conductivity of the tissues may also be used to further focus the energy deposits. A computer simulation is provided that can be used to predict the resulting temperature profile produced in the prostatic tissue. By changing the various control features of one or more catheters and the methods of applying microwave energy, a temperature profile can be predicted and produced that is similar to the temperature profile desired for the particular patient.

Abstract translation: 提供了可用于特别适用于治疗良性前列腺增生（BPH）的医学治疗的方法，模拟和装置。 在优选实施例中，利用多个单独的微波天线来加热前列腺组织以促进前列腺组织的坏死，当身体重新吸收坏死或死亡的组织时，前列腺组织抵抗尿道减轻前列腺组织的压力。 通过利用微波传播的结构性和破坏性干扰，可以将能量沉积在待坏死的组织上，同时保护其他组织如尿道。 用于改变组织的电导率的盐水注射也可用于进一步聚焦能量沉积物。 提供了可用于预测在前列腺组织中产生的最终温度曲线的计算机模拟。 通过改变一个或多个导管的各种控制特征以及施加微波能量的方法，可以预测和产生类似于特定患者所期望的温度曲线的温度分布。