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1.发明授权Control system, method of operating a heating apparatus and controlled heating apparatus 失效控制系统，加热装置的操作方法和受控加热装置
公开(公告)号：US5235159A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US562712
申请日：1990-08-06
CPC分类号： F24C15/106 , G05D23/1909 , H01H57/00
摘要： A control system for regulating electrical power input to the resistive heating elements of an electric heating apparatus, including domestic cooking appliances, is provided which employs at least one piezoceramic relay device. The electrical power is applied with the piezoceramic relay device responsive to control signals and with the control circuitry being directly and ohmically connected to the power source. In one embodiment, the control system employs individual piezoceramic relay devices for power regulation to the individual heating elements while in different embodiments a single piezoceramic relay device regulates power input to a pair of the heating elements. A method of operating the controlled apparatus in such manner and an apparatus having such control system are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于调节输入到包括家用烹饪器具的电加热设备的电阻加热元件的电力的控制系统，其采用至少一个压电陶瓷中继装置。 响应于控制信号并且控制电路直接和欧姆地连接到电源，电压与压电陶瓷继电器一起施加。 在一个实施例中，控制系统采用单独的压电陶瓷中继装置来对各个加热元件进行功率调节，而在不同实施例中，单个压电陶瓷继电器调节对一对加热元件的功率输入。 还公开了以这种方式操作受控装置的方法和具有这种控制系统的装置。
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2.再颁专利Method for (prepolarizing and centering) operating a piezoceramic power switching device 失效运行压电陶瓷功率开关装置的（预极化和定中心）的方法
公开(公告)号：USRE33587E
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US383316
申请日：1989-07-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H11/00 , H01H2050/025 , H01H49/00 , Y10T29/42
摘要： This application describes a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
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公开(公告)号：US4819126A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-04
申请号：US195949
申请日：1988-05-19
CPC分类号： H01H57/00
摘要： A piezoelectric relay module having a plurality of relays of different load ratings is disclosed. Each relay is constructed from a portion of a single bimorph structure by cutting the bimorph structure to form bimorph actuators. The widths of the various bimorph actuators is varied to provide the different load ratings.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有多个不同额定载荷的继电器的压电继电器模块。 每个继电器由一个双压电晶片结构的一部分构成，通过切割双压电晶片结构形成双压电晶片致动器。 改变各种双压电晶片致动器的宽度以提供不同的额定载荷。
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公开(公告)号：US4561314A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US546227
申请日：1983-10-27
IPC分类号： G01L1/12
摘要： A force/flash pressure sensor utilizes a stack of annular rings of a magnetoelastic material. One major stack surface is supported at a plurality of points having substantially equal angular displacement therebetween. A member, moving along the axis of the ring stack responsive to an axial force, or pressure, to be measured, presses a different set of points against the opposite stack surface, to distort the ring stack and alter the magnetic flux density saturation magnitude thereof. The plurality of points in abutment with each of the opposite major stack surfaces is advantageously equal; a number of different configurations for applying force (pressure) along the axis of the ring stack are described.
摘要翻译： 力/闪光压力传感器利用磁弹性材料的一叠环形环。 一个主堆叠表面被支撑在多个点之间，其间具有基本相等的角位移。 响应于待测量的轴向力或压力沿着环堆叠的轴线移动的构件将不同的一组点压在相对的堆叠表面上，以使环堆叠变形并改变其磁通密度饱和度幅度 。 与每个相对的主堆叠表面邻接的多个点有利地相等; 描述了沿着环形堆叠的轴线施加力（压力）的许多不同构造。
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公开(公告)号：US4559496A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-17
申请号：US617285
申请日：1984-06-04
CPC分类号： G01R15/186 , G01R13/407
摘要： A low cost hook-on ammeter for consumer use includes a split core to be clipped around a conductor. Secondary turns on the core actuate a liquid crystal digital display to indicate alternating current amplitude in the conductor. The liquid crystal display segments may be connected to individual taps on the secondary winding, or to taps on a resistive divider network connected across the entire secondary winding. As current in the conductor increases, secondary voltage increases, turning on an increasing number of segments of the liquid crystal display accordingly.
摘要翻译： 用于消费者使用的低成本挂钩式电流表包括待夹在导体周围的分离芯。 芯上的次级转动致动液晶数字显示器，以指示导体中的交流电幅度。 液晶显示段可以连接到次级绕组上的各个抽头，或者连接在整个次级绕组上连接的电阻分压网络上。 随着导体中的电流增加，二次电压增加，相应地导致液晶显示器数量的增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4060783A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-29
申请号：US557386
申请日：1975-03-11
申请人： John D. Harnden, Jr.
发明人： John D. Harnden, Jr.
CPC分类号： H01F41/098
摘要： A low cost magnetic circuit and method of making the same are disclosed. The magnetic circuit comprises an integral magnetic core having at least four legs in a closed magnetic path, at least one leg thereof with a circular cross section and a bobbin rotatably disposed about the circular portion for containing a coil winding. The coil is formed by rotating the bobbin while holding the core stationary.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种低成本磁路及其制造方法。 该磁路包括一个整体的磁芯，其具有一个封闭的磁路中至少四条腿，其至少一条腿具有圆形横截面，而一个可绕着该圆形部分旋转的筒管，用于容纳一个线圈绕组。 线圈通过在保持芯固定的同时旋转筒管而形成。
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7.再颁专利Advanced piezoceramic power switching devices employing protective gastight enclosure and method of manufacture 失效先进的压电陶瓷功率开关器件采用保护气密性外壳和制造方法
公开(公告)号：USRE33577E
公开(公告)日：1991-04-23
申请号：US383315
申请日：1989-07-20
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01H2050/025
摘要： This application described a number of novel advanced piezoelectric ceramic power switching devices which are mounted within protective gastight enclosures that are either evacuated to a high degree of vacuum or filled with an inert gas protective atmosphere. The devices thus constructed are capable of operating over a range of load voltages extending from about 100 volts to 5000 volts or more with corresponding currents of from a few amperes to hundreds of amperes and wherein it is possible to provide a number of such structures in a single common protective gastight enclosure. For certain circuit applications the devices thus constructed have unpoled portions on which are mounted either passive circuit components such as resistors, capacitors and the like or active semiconductor devices all interconnected in circuit relationship with each other and the switching devices by using printed circuit or integrated circuit fabrication techniques. In these devices, stray circuit impedances whether capacitive, inductive or resistive in nature can be reduced to an absolute minimum by appropriate designs. Such complementary circuit components and active semiconductor devices can be, if desired, mounted within the common protective enclosures in close proximity to the piezoceramic switching devices to which they are connected, or alternatively may be mounted exteriorly of the protective enclosures.
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公开(公告)号：US4697118A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-29
申请号：US896792
申请日：1986-08-15
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01L41/094
摘要： A switch is provided wherein a piezoelectric bimorph element is used to provide many separately controllable, closely spaced switchable contacts. The element includes at least two oppositely extending fingers connected by a common spine. The element spine is mounted to a case with the fingers spaced from an inner case surface. Electronic circuit means are mounted on the element spine for applying a separate electrical potential to each of the element fingers. A separate movable electrical contact is disposed on each of the element fingers spaced from the spine and insulated from the means for applying the separate electrical potentials to the fingers. A separate stationary contact is provided on an inner case surface opposite each of the movable contacts. In operation, a separate electrical potential is applied to each of the element fingers for selectively causing each finger to deflect and force its movable contact into electrical connection with the opposing stationary contact.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种开关，其中使用压电双晶片元件来提供许多可分离的可紧密间隔的可切换触点。 该元件包括由普通脊柱连接的至少两个相对延伸的指状物。 元件脊柱安装在手指与内壳表面间隔开的外壳上。 电子电路装置安装在元件脊上，以将单独的电位施加到每个元件指状物。 单独的可移动电触头设置在与脊柱间隔开的每个元件指状物上，并与用于将分离的电势施加到手指的装置绝缘。 在与每个可移动触头相对的内壳表面上设置单独的固定触点。 在操作中，单独的电势被施加到每个元件指状件，用于选择性地使每个指状物偏转并迫使其可动触点与相对的固定触点电连接。
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9.发明授权Method for prepolarizing and centering a piezoelectric ceramic switching device 失效压电陶瓷开关器件的前极化和定心的方法
公开(公告)号：US4669160A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US835830
申请日：1986-03-03
CPC分类号： H01H57/00 , H01L41/042 , H01L41/094 , H01L41/257 , H01H11/00 , H01H49/00 , Y10T29/42
摘要： Improved piezoelectric ceramic switching devices are described along with their method of fabrication. In addition to the devices themselves, novel electric circuits are described for the energization as well as the use of such devices as switching elements in electrical systems. Parts of both the energization circuits and/or utilization circuits employing the piezo ceramic switching device are physically mounted on and supported by non-polarized parts of the piezoelectric ceramic plate elements comprising the switching devices so that lightweight compact construction is achieved along with substantial reduction of stray inductance intercoupling.
摘要翻译： 描述了改进的压电陶瓷开关器件及其制造方法。 除了器件本身之外，描述了新颖的电路用于通电以及使用诸如电气系统中的开关元件的这种器件。 使用压电陶瓷开关装置的通电电路和/或利用电路的部分物理地安装在由包括开关装置的压电陶瓷板元件的非极化部分支撑并由其支撑，使得实现轻量级的紧凑结构，同时实现 杂散电感互耦。
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10.发明授权Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits employing piezoceramic bender-type switching devices 失效采用压电陶瓷弯曲型开关器件的零交叉同步交流开关电路
公开(公告)号：US4626698A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US685107
申请日：1984-12-21
CPC分类号： H01H9/56 , H01H57/00 , Y10T307/438 , Y10T307/461 , Y10T307/492
摘要： Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits are provided which employ piezoelectric ceramic bender-type switching devices for use in supplying loads of a resistive, inductive or capacitive nature. The circuits include zero crossing sensing sub-circuits for sensing the passage through zero value of a supply source of alternating current voltage and/or current and for deriving zero crossing timing signals representative of the occurrance of the zero crossings. The zero crossing timing signals are employed to control operation of a bender energizing potential control sub-circuit for selectively controlling application or removal of a bender energizing potential across the piezoelectric bender member of the bender-type switching devices. Phase shift networks are included in the circuit for shifting the phase or time of application of the selectively applied bender energization potential so as to cause it to close or open a set of load current carrying switch contacts substantially at or near the naturally occurring zero crossings of the applied alternating current supplying the load.
摘要翻译： 提供了零交叉同步交流开关电路，其采用用于提供电阻，电感或电容性质的负载的压电陶瓷弯曲型开关装置。 这些电路包括用于感测通过交流电压和/或电流的电源的零值的零交叉感测子电路，并且用于导出代表过零点的出现的过零定时信号。 采用过零定时信号来控制弯曲激励电位控制子电路的操作，用于选择性地控制跨越弯曲型开关器件的压电弯曲部件的施加或去除弯曲激励电位。 相移网络包括在电路中，用于移动施加有选择地施加的弯曲器通电电位的相位或时间，以便使其关闭或打开一组负载电流承载开关触点，基本上处于或接近自然发生的过零点 施加的交流电供应负载。
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