公开(公告)号：US08447530B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-21

申请号：US12015289

申请日：2008-01-16

申请人： Lawrence E. Pado ,  James P. Dunne ,  John H. Belk

发明人： Lawrence E. Pado ,  James P. Dunne ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： G01B5/28

CPC分类号： G01M5/0066 ,  G01M7/025

摘要： A method for monitoring and diagnosing the health of a structure. The method includes providing a plurality of damage monitoring units each having at least one actuator, at least one sensor and a data collection device. The sensors are arranged and disposed to measure vibration produced by the actuator and provide a signal corresponding to the measured vibration to the data collection device. The actuator is activated and the vibration is measured with the sensor. The signal is compared to a reference signal and a damage index value is determined in response to the comparison between the signal and reference signal. The damage index value is transmitted for each vibratory path to a central processing device and the damage index values are analyzed for the plurality of damage monitoring units to determine the location of damage to the structure.

摘要翻译： 监测和诊断结构健康的方法。 该方法包括提供多个损伤监测单元，每个损伤监测单元具有至少一个致动器，至少一个传感器和数据收集装置。 传感器被布置和布置成用于测量致动器产生的振动，并向数据采集装置提供对应于测量的振动的信号。 致动器被激活，并且用传感器测量振动。 将信号与参考信号进行比较，并且响应于信号和参考信号之间的比较来确定损伤指数值。 对于中央处理装置的每个振动路径传输损伤指数值，并且分析多个损伤监测单元的损伤指数值，以确定对结构的损坏的位置。

公开(公告)号：US20100255203A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-07

申请号：US12576643

申请日：2009-10-09

申请人： Mohsen Mosleh ,  John H. Belk

发明人： Mohsen Mosleh ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： B05D3/12 ,  C10M125/22 ,  C10M125/26

CPC分类号： C10M103/00 ,  C10M103/06 ,  C10M125/20 ,  C10M125/22 ,  C10M2201/061 ,  C10M2201/066 ,  C10N2210/06 ,  C10N2220/082 ,  C10N2230/06 ,  C10N2240/401 ,  C10N2250/08 ,  C10N2250/12 ,  C10N2270/00

摘要： A method for reducing wear between two surfaces in sliding contact with one another includes introducing nanoparticles between the two surfaces in an amount and having a composition that results in shear lines being generated within at least one agglomerated wear particle that is generated between the two surfaces as a result of the sliding contact, and subjecting the agglomerated wear particles to at least one load, using at least one of the two surfaces, such that the agglomerated wear particles disassemble along the shear lines into multiple smaller wear particles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于减少彼此滑动接触的两个表面之间的磨损的方法包括在两个表面之间以一定量引入纳米颗粒并且具有导致剪切线在至少一个在两个表面之间产生的附聚磨损颗粒中的组成，如 滑动接触的结果，并且使用两个表面中的至少一个使附聚的磨损颗粒进行至少一个负载，使得附聚磨损颗粒沿着剪切线分解成多个较小的磨损颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US20090182515A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-16

申请号：US12015289

申请日：2008-01-16

申请人： Lawrence E. PADO ,  James P. DUNNE ,  John H. BELK

发明人： Lawrence E. PADO ,  James P. DUNNE ,  John H. BELK

IPC分类号： G01B5/00

CPC分类号： G01M5/0066 ,  G01M7/025

摘要： A method for monitoring and diagnosing the health of a structure. The method includes providing a plurality of damage monitoring units each having at least one actuator, at least one sensor and a data collection device. The sensors are arranged and disposed to measure vibration produced by the actuator and provide a signal corresponding to the measured vibration to the data collection device. The actuator is activated and the vibration is measured with the sensor. The signal is compared to a reference signal and a damage index value is determined in response to the comparison between the signal and reference signal. The damage index value is transmitted for each vibratory path to a central processing device and the damage index values are analyzed for the plurality of damage monitoring units to determine the location of damage to the structure.

摘要翻译： 监测和诊断结构健康的方法。 该方法包括提供多个损伤监测单元，每个损伤监测单元具有至少一个致动器，至少一个传感器和数据收集装置。 传感器被布置和布置成用于测量致动器产生的振动，并向数据采集装置提供对应于测量的振动的信号。 致动器被激活，并且用传感器测量振动。 将信号与参考信号进行比较，并且响应于信号和参考信号之间的比较确定损伤指数值。 对于中央处理装置的每个振动路径传输损伤指数值，并且分析多个损伤监测单元的损伤指数值，以确定对结构的损坏的位置。

公开(公告)号：US09356218B1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-31

申请号：US12618616

申请日：2009-11-13

申请人： James W. Fonda ,  John H. Belk

发明人： James W. Fonda ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： H01L35/30 ,  H02N3/00

CPC分类号： H01L35/30 ,  G21H1/103 ,  H01L31/028 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  H01L35/02 ,  H01L35/20 ,  H01L35/32 ,  H01L35/34 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H02S40/40 ,  Y02E10/40

摘要： A system and method are disclosed for internally heated concentrated solar power (CSP) thermal absorbers. The system and method involve an energy-generating device having at least one heating unit. At least one heating unit preheats the energy-generating device in order to expedite the startup time of the energy-generating device, thereby allowing for an increase in efficiency for the production of energy. In some embodiments, the energy-generating device is a CSP thermal absorber. The CSP thermal absorber comprises a housing, a thermal barrier, a light-transparent reservoir containing a liquid alkali metal, at least one alkali metal thermal-to-electric converter (AMTEC) cell, an artery return channel, and at least one heating unit. Each heating unit comprises a heating device and a metal fin. The metal fin is submerged into the liquid alkali metal, thereby allowing the heating device to heat the liquid alkali metal via the fin.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于内部加热的集中太阳能（CSP）热吸收器的系统和方法。 该系统和方法包括具有至少一个加热单元的能量产生装置。 至少一个加热单元预热能量产生装置，以加快能量产生装置的启动时间，从而允许提高能量产生的效率。 在一些实施例中，能量产生装置是CSP热吸收器。 CSP热吸收器包括壳体，热障壁，含有液态碱金属的光透明容器，至少一个碱金属热电转换器（AMTEC）单元，动脉回流通道和至少一个加热单元 。 每个加热单元包括加热装置和金属翅片。 金属翅片浸入液态碱金属中，从而允许加热装置经由翅片加热液态碱金属。

公开(公告)号：US09170172B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-27

申请号：US13562832

申请日：2012-07-31

申请人： Jeffrey H. Hunt ,  John H. Belk

发明人： Jeffrey H. Hunt ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： G01M11/08 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01B11/16

CPC分类号： G01M11/086 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01N2021/8472

摘要： A composite structure having an embedded sensing system is provided, along with corresponding systems and methods for monitoring the health of a composite structure. The composite structure includes composite material and an optical fiber disposed within the composite material. The optical fiber includes a plurality of quantum dots for enhancing its non-linear optical properties. The quantum dots may be disposed in the core, in the cladding and/or on the surface of the optical fiber. The optical fiber is configured to support propagation of the signals and to be sensitive to a defect within the composite material. The quantum dots create a non-linear effect, such as a second order effect, in response to the defect in the composite material. Based upon the detection and analysis of the signals including the non-linear effect created by the quantum dots, a defect within the composite material may be detected.

摘要翻译： 提供具有嵌入式感测系统的复合结构以及用于监测复合结构的健康的相应系统和方法。 复合结构包括复合材料和布置在复合材料内的光纤。 光纤包括用于增强其非线性光学特性的多个量子点。 量子点可以设置在芯中，在光纤的包层和/或表面上。 光纤被配置为支持信号的传播并且对复合材料内的缺陷敏感。 响应于复合材料的缺陷，量子点产生非线性效应，例如二阶效应。 基于包括由量子点产生的非线性效应的信号的检测和分析，可以检测复合材料内的缺陷。

公开(公告)号：US08664583B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-04

申请号：US13175563

申请日：2011-07-01

申请人： Jeffrey H. Hunt ,  John H. Belk

发明人： Jeffrey H. Hunt ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G01N21/55 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G01J1/0407 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J5/023 ,  G01J5/046 ,  G01J5/12 ,  G01J9/00

摘要： An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for nonlinear optical surface sensing with a single thermo-electric detector. In particular, the system includes at least two signal sources that are co-aligned to propagate photons to the same location on a surface. The system also includes at least one focusing element that focuses a sequence of photons that is reflected from the location on the surface. In addition, the system includes at least one frequency selective electromagnetic detector that detects the sequence of photons that are focused from the focusing element(s). When the frequency selective electromagnetic detector senses a photon, the frequency selective electromagnetic detector emits an electrical pulse that has a voltage that is proportional to the energy level of the photon. Additionally, the system includes a processor that processes the electrical pulses, and de-multiplexes the sequence of emitted electrical pulses based on the electrical pulse voltage of the electrical pulses.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用单个热电探测器进行非线性光学表面感测的装置，系统和方法。 特别地，该系统包括至少两个共同对准以将光子传播到表面上相同位置的信号源。 该系统还包括至少一个聚焦元件，其聚焦从表面上的位置反射的光子序列。 此外，该系统包括至少一个频率选择性电磁检测器，其检测聚焦元件聚焦的光子的序列。 当频率选择性电磁检测器感测到光子时，频率选择性电磁检测器发射具有与光子的能级成比例的电压的电脉冲。 此外，该系统包括处理电脉冲的处理器，并且基于电脉冲的电脉冲电压去除多路复用所发射的电脉冲序列。

公开(公告)号：US06204920B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US08802400

申请日：1997-02-18

申请人： Philip J. Ellerbrock ,  John H. Belk ,  Bartley C. Johnson

发明人： Philip J. Ellerbrock ,  John H. Belk ,  Bartley C. Johnson

IPC分类号： G01B902

CPC分类号： G01D5/35383 ,  G01L1/246

摘要： A system such as for sensing strain or temperature of an aircraft and for transmitting information in communication systems. A sensor array includes a first light responsive Bragg grating sensor having a first operating bandwidth and a second light responsive Bragg grating sensor having a second operating bandwidth. Each sensor modifies light provided to it at a wavelength indicative of changes in strain or temperature. The second sensor operates within a bandwidth which is different from the operating bandwidth of the first sensor. A tunable light source such as an LED and tunable etalon provides light for illuminating the first and second sensors, the provided light having a wavelength which varies within a band including the first and second bandwidths. A detecting circuit provides signals representative of light modified by the first and second sensors. A processor processes the representative signals to determine the strain and/or temperature.

摘要翻译： 用于感测飞机的应变或温度并在通信系统中传输信息的系统。 传感器阵列包括具有第一工作带宽的第一光响应布拉格光栅传感器和具有第二工作带宽的第二光响应布拉格光栅传感器。 每个传感器以指示应变或温度变化的波长修改提供给它的光。 第二传感器在与第一传感器的工作带宽不同的带宽内工作。 诸如LED和可调谐标准具的可调光源提供用于照亮第一和第二传感器的光，所提供的光具有在包括第一和第二带宽的频带内变化的波长。 检测电路提供表示由第一和第二传感器修改的光的信号。 处理器处理代表信号以确定应变和/或温度。

公开(公告)号：US5969260A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US50719

申请日：1998-03-30

申请人： John H. Belk ,  Edward V. White

发明人： John H. Belk ,  Edward V. White

IPC分类号： G01B7/16 ,  G01M5/00 ,  G01N27/20

CPC分类号： G01M5/0033 ,  G01B7/16 ,  G01M5/0016 ,  G01M5/0083 ,  G01N27/205

摘要： The apparatus and associated method of the present invention remotely detects structural defects in a workpiece by monitoring the electrical continuity of thin crack wires deposited on or within the workpiece in response to a communication from a remote interrogation device. As a crack, delamination or other structural defect forms or propagates in a structural member or other workpiece, a crack wire located in the vicinity of the crack breaks. In addition to the crack wires, the defect sensing apparatus includes a transponder and a discontinuity sensor for detecting a discontinuity along the crack wire. In order to inspect the workpiece, a maintenance technician positions a remote interrogation device in proximity with the workpiece under inspection. The interrogation signals provided by the remote interrogation device are received by the transponder and serve to power the defect sensing apparatus. Once sufficiently energized, the discontinuity sensor typically applies a voltage to one end of the crack wire and monitors the voltage level at the other end of the crack wire to determine the crack wire has broken, thereby indicating the presence of a crack, delamination or other defect. The discontinuity sensor reports the crack wire status via the transponder to the remote interrogation device for review by the maintenance technician. The defect sensing apparatus may be integral to a structural member or form one part of a reinforcement patch that is installed during a repair to monitor the structural integrity of a repaired structural member.

摘要翻译： 本发明的装置和相关方法响应于来自远程询问装置的通信，通过监测沉积在工件上或内部的薄裂纹线的电连续性来远程检测工件中的结构缺陷。 由于裂纹，分层或其他结构缺陷在结构构件或其他工件中形成或传播，位于裂纹附近的裂纹线断裂。 除了裂纹线之外，缺陷感测装置还包括一个应答器和一个用于检测沿着裂纹线的不连续性的不连续传感器。 为了检查工件，维护技术人员将远程询问装置放置在被检查的工件附近。 由远程询问装置提供的询问信号由应答器接收并用于对缺陷感测装置供电。 一旦充分通电，不连续传感器通常向裂纹线的一端施加电压，并监测裂纹线另一端的电压水平，以确定裂纹线断裂，从而表明存在裂纹，分层或其他 缺陷。 不连续传感器通过应答器将裂纹线状态报告给远程询问设备，供维护技术人员审查。 缺陷检测装置可以与结构构件成一体，或形成在修理期间安装的加强补片的一部分，以监测修复的结构构件的结构完整性。

公开(公告)号：US5698848A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-16

申请号：US475948

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： John H. Belk

发明人： John H. Belk

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  H01J5/16

CPC分类号： G01D5/35383

摘要： A fiber optic sensing system and method comprises a continuous optical fiber including at least three mirrors defining at least two contiguous optical cavities. Preferably, each optical cavity has a unique length so that the reflected optical signal associated with a given optical cavity will have a unique phase difference or wavelength allowing each of the respective optical signals to be selectively detected. A physical phenomenon acting on a given optical cavity can be sensed by determining changes in the respective optical signal reflected from that optical cavity. This sensing system allows a single optical fiber to include both integrating and point sensors. In addition, this system can be incorporated in smart structures.

摘要翻译： 光纤感测系统和方法包括连续光纤，其包括限定至少两个相邻光腔的至少三个反射镜。 优选地，每个光腔具有唯一的长度，使得与给定光腔相关联的反射光信号将具有允许选择性地检测每个相应光信号的唯一相位差或波长。 可以通过确定从该光腔反射的相应光信号的变化来检测作用在给定光腔上的物理现象。 该感测系统允许单个光纤包括积分和点传感器。 此外，该系统可以并入智能结构。

公开(公告)号：US5589641A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-31

申请号：US461820

申请日：1995-06-05

申请人： Bartley C. Johnson ,  John H. Belk

发明人： Bartley C. Johnson ,  John H. Belk

IPC分类号： G01B11/16 ,  G01L1/24

CPC分类号： G01B11/161

摘要： A system and method for absolute, high resolution and accurate strain measurement includes a low-coherence light source (12) transmitting light through a strain sensor (18) and into an interferometer (26). The interferometer (26) has a high-coherence light source (48) that parallels the light from the low-coherence light source (12). The output of the interferometer is detected by a photodetector (46). The photodetector (46) is connected to a phase measuring circuit (30), that is in communication with a controller (28). The controller (28) is also connected to a motor (44) that adjusts the optical path lengths in the interferometer (38). The phase change in the high-coherence source from the fringe pattern (68) of the strain sensor (18) before and after a strain is applied to the device under test is used to determine the strain.

摘要翻译： 用于绝对，高分辨率和精确应变测量的系统和方法包括通过应变传感器（18）传输光并进入干涉仪（26）的低相干光源（12）。 干涉仪（26）具有与低相干光源（12）的光平行的高相干光源（48）。 干涉仪的输出由光电检测器（46）检测。 光电检测器（46）连接到与控制器（28）通信的相位测量电路（30）。 控制器（28）还连接到调节干涉仪（38）中的光路长度的马达（44）。 来自应变传感器（18）的条纹图案（68）的高相干源之间的相位变化被施加到被测器件，以确定应变。