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    System and method for determining blood flow rate in a vessel
    4.
    发明授权
    System and method for determining blood flow rate in a vessel 失效
    用于确定血管中血流速度的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06575927B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-10

    申请号：US09310673

    申请日：1999-05-12

    申请人： William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Joseph M. Messana

    发明人： William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Joseph M. Messana

    IPC分类号： A61M500

    CPC分类号： A61M1/3663 ,  A61M1/3658

    摘要： A system and method are provided for determining the performance of a vessel, such as a hemodialysis access, which communicates blood between two locations of a patient. A conduit, such as an external dialysis circuit or an intravascular catheter, is provided in fluid communication with the vessel, and has a diversion point for diverting blood from the vessel into the conduit. The system further includes means for determining a flow rate of the diverted blood through the conduit. A first sensor in communication with the vessel generates at least one signal that is a function of a blood flow rate in the vessel downstream from the diversion point, wherein the downstream flow rate depends on the determined conduit flow rate and the performance of the vessel can be determined based on the signal. In addition, a processor can be provided in communication with the first sensor for determining a flow rate in the vessel upstream from the diversion point from the signal and the conduit flow rate. In a preferred embodiment, the first sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, and the at least one signal represents a time-averaged mean Doppler velocity of blood flow. Still further, additional sensors may be employed to provide a measure of the upstream flow rate as well as the conduit flow rate.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种系统和方法，用于确定在患者的两个位置之间传送血液的血管的血液透析进入的血管的性能。 提供与容器流体连通的导管，例如外部透析回路或血管内导管，并具有用于将血液从血管转移到导管中的转移点。 该系统还包括用于确定通过导管的转运血液的流量的装置。 与容器连通的第一传感器产生至少一个信号，该信号是从转向点下游的血管中的血液流速的函数，其中下游流速取决于确定的导管流速和容器的性能 根据信号确定。 此外，可以提供与第一传感器通信的处理器，用于从信号和导管流量确定从转向点上游的容器中的流量。 在优选实施例中，第一传感器是超声波传感器，并且所述至少一个信号表示血流的时间平均平均多普勒速度。 此外，可以使用附加的传感器来提供上游流量以及导管流量的量度。

    Angle independent ultrasound volume flow measurement
    5.
    发明授权
    Angle independent ultrasound volume flow measurement 有权
    角独立超声体积流量测量

    公开(公告)号：US06535835B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-03-18

    申请号：US09495231

    申请日：2000-01-31

    申请人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Jeffrey Brian Fowlkes ,  Theresa Ann Tuthill ,  Anne Lindsey Hall

    发明人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Jeffrey Brian Fowlkes ,  Theresa Ann Tuthill ,  Anne Lindsey Hall

    IPC分类号： G01B1102

    CPC分类号： G01S15/8959 ,  A61B8/06 ,  A61B8/13 ,  G01S15/8961 ,  G01S15/8984

    摘要： The volume of fluid flow within a vessel (VE) is measured by an ultrasound system. Ultrasound waves backscattered from the fluid within the vessel generate data from which velocity values representing components of velocity (Vx and Vy) of the fluid flow in the scan plane (IP) are calculated. Grayscale data is correlated and the rate of decorrelation (D) of the data is calculated. The volume flow of the fluid (F) is estimated in response to the velocity signals and the rate of decorrelation (D).

    摘要翻译： 容器（VE）内的流体流量由超声系统测量。 从容器内的流体反向散射的超声波产生数据，从中计算表示扫描平面（IP）中的流体流速度（Vx和Vy）的分量的速度值。 灰度数据相关，并计算数据的去相关（D）的速率。 流体（F）的体积流量是根据速度信号和去相关速率（D）来估计的。

    Fractional moving blood volume estimation with power doppler ultrasound
    6.
    发明授权
    Fractional moving blood volume estimation with power doppler ultrasound 失效
    动力多普勒超声的分数移动血容量估计

    公开(公告)号：US5860929A

    公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

    申请号：US657897

    申请日：1996-06-07

    申请人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Ronald S. Adler ,  J. Brian Fowlkes ,  Ray Steven Spratt

    发明人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Ronald S. Adler ,  J. Brian Fowlkes ,  Ray Steven Spratt

    IPC分类号： A61B8/06

    CPC分类号： A61B8/463 ,  A61B8/06

    摘要： A method for quantitatively estimating the amount of tissue that contains moving blood using power Doppler ultrasound. A region of interest is identified from a frozen image (i.e., a snapshot screen display created by displaying the last real-time image for a given scan). The region of interest is specified by using a pointing device (e.g., a mouse). An object that contains one hundred percent blood flow and is located at the same depth as the region of interest, but not necessarily inside the region of interest, is identified and the corresponding power noted and designated as the reference power level. The display is adjusted to show the one hundred percent blood flow vessel in a designated color (such as, for example, green) and all other power levels are normalized to the reference power level. The fractional blood volume is quantitatively estimated by summing the normalized Doppler power levels in a region of interest and dividing the sum by the number of pixels in region of interest. The numerical result for the specified region of interest may be shown on the display of the ultrasound scanner.

    摘要翻译： 一种使用功率多普勒超声波定量估计含有移动血液的组织量的方法。 从冻结图像识别感兴趣区域（即，通过显示给定扫描的最后一个实时图像而创建的快照屏幕显示）。 通过使用指示设备（例如，鼠标）来指定感兴趣的区域。 识别出含有百分之一百血液流量并且位于与感兴趣区域相同的深度但不一定在感兴趣区域内的物体，并且将相应的功率标记并指定为参考功率水平。 调整显示器以指定颜色（例如，绿色）显示百分之一百的血流容器，并将所有其它功率电平归一化为参考功率电平。 通过将感兴趣区域中的归一化多普勒功率电平相加并将该和除以感兴趣区域中的像素数量来定量估计分数血容量。 指定感兴趣区域的数值结果可以显示在超声波扫描仪的显示器上。

    Measurement of tissue elastic modulus
    7.
    发明授权
    Measurement of tissue elastic modulus 有权
    组织弹性模量的测量

    公开(公告)号：US08167804B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-01

    申请号：US11866000

    申请日：2007-10-02

    申请人： Kang Kim ,  William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Congxian Jia ,  Matthew O'Donnell ,  Theodore J. Kolias

    发明人： Kang Kim ,  William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Congxian Jia ,  Matthew O'Donnell ,  Theodore J. Kolias

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0285 ,  A61B8/06 ,  A61B8/08 ,  A61B8/485 ,  G01S7/52036 ,  G01S7/52042

    摘要： An optimized elastic modulus reconstruction procedure can estimate the nonlinear elastic properties of vascular wall from intramural strain and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements. A noninvasive free-hand ultrasound scanning procedure is used to apply external force, comparable to the force in measuring a subject's blood pressure, to achieve higher strains by equalizing the internal arterial baseline pressure. PWV is estimated at the same location where intramural strain is measured. The reconstructed elastic modulus is optimized and the arterial elastic modulus can be determined and monitored using a simple dual elastic modulus reconstruction procedure.

    摘要翻译： 优化的弹性模量重建程序可以从壁内应变和脉搏波速度（PWV）测量中估计血管壁的非线性弹性特性。 使用非侵入性自由手超声扫描程序来施加外力，与测量受试者血压的力相当，以通过平衡内部动脉基线压力来实现更高的应变。 PWV估计在测量壁内应变的相同位置。 重建的弹性模量被优化，并且可以使用简单的双弹性模量重建程序来确定和监测动脉弹性模量。

    Projection gating of x-ray CT scan
    8.
    发明授权
    Projection gating of x-ray CT scan 有权
    x射线CT扫描的投射门控

    公开(公告)号：US07154987B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-26

    申请号：US11222105

    申请日：2005-09-08

    申请人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Benoit Desjardins ,  J. Brian Fowlkes ,  Srini Tridandapani

    发明人： Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Benoit Desjardins ,  J. Brian Fowlkes ,  Srini Tridandapani

    IPC分类号： G01N23/083

    CPC分类号： A61B6/5264 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/503 ,  A61B6/5217 ,  A61B6/541 ,  G06T11/005 ,  G06T2211/412

    摘要： An x-ray CT system performs a scan by acquiring projection views from which an image is reconstructed. In a prospective embodiment, the correlation of adjacent views is calculated as the scan is performed and is used to detect subject motion as the scan is being performed. In a retrospective embodiment, the correlation of adjacent views is calculated and is used to detect subject motion after the scan is completed. In the first embodiment substitute projection views are acquired by continuing the scan and in the second embodiment redundant projection views acquired during the scan are substituted until the best possible image is produced.

    摘要翻译： X射线CT系统通过获取重建图像的投影视图来执行扫描。 在预期实施例中，当执行扫描时计算相邻视图的相关性，并且当扫描正在执行时用于检测对象运动。 在回顾性实施例中，计算相邻视图的相关性并且用于在扫描完成之后检测被摄体动作。 在第一实施例中，通过继续扫描来获取替代投影视图，并且在第二实施例中，在扫描期间获取的冗余投影视图被代替，直到产生最佳可能的图像为止。

    System for determining blood flow rate in a vessel using diverted flow measurements
    9.
    发明授权
    System for determining blood flow rate in a vessel using diverted flow measurements 失效
    用于使用转向流量测量来确定血管中血流速度的系统

    公开(公告)号：US06709414B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

    申请号：US10372470

    申请日：2003-02-21

    申请人： William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Joseph M. Messana

    发明人： William F. Weitzel ,  Jonathan M. Rubin ,  Joseph M. Messana

    IPC分类号： A61M3700

    CPC分类号： A61M1/3663 ,  A61M1/3658

    摘要： A system and method are provided for determining the performance of a vessel, such as a hemodialysis access, which communicates blood between two locations of a patient. A conduit, such as an external dialysis circuit or an intravascular catheter, is provided in fluid communication with the vessel, and has a diversion point for diverting blood from the vessel into the conduit. The system further includes means for determining a flow rate of the diverted blood through the conduit. A first sensor in communication with the vessel generates at least one signal that is a function of a blood flow rate in the vessel downstream from the diversion point, wherein the downstream flow rate depends on the determined conduit flow rate and the performance of the vessel can be determined based on the signal. In addition, a processor can be provided in communication with the first sensor for determining a flow rate in the vessel upstream from the diversion point from the signal and the conduit flow rate. In a preferred embodiment, the first sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, and the at least one signal represents a time-averaged mean Doppler velocity of blood flow. Still further, additional sensors may be employed to provide a measure of the upstream flow rate as well as the conduit flow rate.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种系统和方法，用于确定在患者的两个位置之间传送血液的血管的血液透析进入的血管的性能。 提供与容器流体连通的导管，例如外部透析回路或血管内导管，并具有用于将血液从血管转移到导管中的转移点。 该系统还包括用于确定通过导管的转运血液的流量的装置。 与容器连通的第一传感器产生至少一个信号，该信号是从转向点下游的血管中的血液流速的函数，其中下游流速取决于确定的导管流速和容器的性能 根据信号确定。 此外，可以提供与第一传感器通信的处理器，用于从信号和导管流量确定从转向点上游的容器中的流量。 在优选实施例中，第一传感器是超声波传感器，并且所述至少一个信号表示血流的时间平均平均多普勒速度。 此外，可以使用附加的传感器来提供上游流量以及导管流量的量度。