摘要:
A vacuum actuator includes a vacuum partition wall, the interior of which can be evacuated to a vacuum, a rotor supported by the vacuum partition wall to be free to rotate, a permanent magnet provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, a coil opposed to the permanent magnet, and a stator provided with the coil. The stator and the vacuum partition wall are formed integrally with each other.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a movable body to be charged and a charger including a charging member that contacts or adjoins the body to be charged and applies a voltage, including an AC component, to the charging member for thereby charging the body. A protection substance for protecting the surface of the body from deterioration ascribable to charging is caused to exist on the body. The number of particular elements, contained in the protection substance and detected by an X-ray photon spectral analyzer (XPS) in a zone where the charging member charges the body, is held in a particular ratio to the total number of all elements constituting the outermost surface of the body and also detected by the XPS.
摘要:
A carrier and a dummy toner are stored in a developing unit of a process cartridge in a brand new status. A plurality of process cartridges corresponding to a plurality of color toners is used in common. The color toners are respectively supplied to the developing unit from toner supply units after the process cartridges in the brand new status are installed in installation sections in a main unit of an image forming apparatus.
摘要:
A toner for developing a latent electrostatic image to a toner image, including a binder resin, and a magnetic material which is blackened by coating the surface of a magnetic powder with a coloring agent, the magnetic material being in an amount of 10 wt.% to 40 wt.% of the entire weight of the toner, a method of forming an image, using a two-component developer containing the toner, an image formation apparatus using the two-component developer, and a toner container containing therein the toner, and an image formation apparatus equipped with the toner container are proposed.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a movable body to be charged and a charger including a charging member that contacts or adjoins the body to be charged and applies a voltage, including an AC component, to the charging member for thereby charging the body. A protection substance for protecting the surface of the body from deterioration ascribable to charging is caused to exist on the body. The number of particular elements, contained in the protection substance and detected by an X-ray photon spectral analyzer (XPS) in a zone where the charging member charges the body, is held in a particular ratio to the total number of all elements constituting the outermost surface of the body and also detected by the XPS.
摘要:
A charging device of the present invention includes a charging member and a body to be charged forming a nip therebetween. Charge-promoting conductive grains, frictionally charged to polarity opposite to the polarity of a voltage applied to the charging member, are held at the above nip. The charging device is operable in a cleaning mode for cleaning the body to be charged.
摘要:
A carrier is composed of carrier particles, each carrier particle having a core particle containing at least a magnetic material and a surface coating layer provided on the core particle containing at least a resin, the surface coating layer being constituted of a plurality of regions, the regions being separately formed and joined together to form a complex configuration, and having different phase lags when the surface coating layer is subjected to scanning by phase imaging measurement using a scanning probe microscope in a tapping mode, wherein a region having a phase lag over the average phase lag obtained from Eavg=&Sgr;(E(i)·S(i))/&Sgr;S(i) has an area SO, and SO and &Sgr;S(i) are in a relationship of 10%≦SO/&Sgr;S(i)×100≦90% when each region comprises a component A(i) having an area S(i) and a phase lag E(i), in which i represents the number of regions with different phase lags. A two-component developer employs the above-mentioned carrier.
摘要:
A dry toner including at least a modified polyester as a toner binder, wherein the modified polyester has a main peak in a molecular weight region of 1000 to 30000 in a molecular weight distribution as measured by GPC, contains 1 to 10% of a component having a molecular weight of at least 30000, and has an Mw/Mn ratio of not greater than 15.
摘要:
A toner including mother toner particles including at least two resins A and B and a wax each of which is incompatible with the others; and an external additive including at least one of a particulate inorganic material and a particulate resin, wherein the resins and wax form a sea-island structure in which the resin B is present like islands in a sea of the resin A and the wax is substantially included in the resin B while dispersed therein, and wherein the resin A does not include a component insoluble in tetrahydrofuran and has a weight average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 90,000.
摘要:
A method for fixing full-color toner images on an image receiving member so that the fixed toner images selectively exhibit different glossinesses includes the step of bringing the transferred toner images into contact with a heater, with linear speeds being selectively switched in such a manner that the fixed toner images exhibit a mean surface roughness in a range of 9.5 to 16 &mgr;m at a linear speed (A), and the fixed toner images exhibit a mean surface roughness of less than 8 &mgr;m at a linear speed (B), wherein the linear speed (A) is in a range of 100 to 300 mm/sec, the linear speed (B) is lower than the linear speed (A) by 25 mm/sec or more, and the image fixing temperatures are equal at the linear speeds (A) and (B). A method for fixing full-color toner images with high glossiness on an image receiving member includes the step of bringing the transferred toner images into contact with a belt so that the fixed toner images exhibit a mean surface roughness of less than 8 &mgr;m.