摘要:
The image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor bearing an electrostatic image; a developing device developing the electrostatic image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on the photoreceptor; a transferring device transferring the toner image onto a receiving material; and a cleaning device having a cleaning blade cleaning the surface of the photoreceptor. The photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer and an outermost layer having projected portions thereon. The outermost layer and projected portions include the same crosslinked charge transport material. The outermost layer has a surface roughness property such that the number of projected portions having height greater than Rz/2 is from 40 to 90 in a length of 12 mm, wherein Rz represents ten-point mean roughness of the outermost layer. The tip of the cleaning blade is contacted with the photoreceptor at a linear pressure of from 80 g/cm to 150 g/cm.
摘要:
An image forming method including: forming an electrostatic latent image on an image bearing member; developing the latent image with a toner; transferring the toner image onto a receiving material; and fixing the toner image. The image bearing member includes a substrate, and a charge generation layer, a charge transport layer and a crosslinked charge transport layer, wherein the crosslinked charge transport layer includes a compound obtained from radical polymerizable monomers including a monomer having three or more functional groups and no charge transport structure and a monomer having one functional group and a charge transport structure. The toner includes a binder resin, a colorant, and a release agent, wherein tetrahydrofuran-soluble components of the binder resin have a molecular weight distribution such that at least one peak is observed in a range of from 1,000 to 10,000 and the half-width of the molecular weight distribution curve is not greater than 15,000.
摘要:
The present invention provides an image bearing member that includes: a photoconductor; and a heating unit which heats the photoconductor, wherein the photoconductor includes: a support; a charge generating layer on the support, a charge transport layer, and a crosslinked charge transport layer in this order, wherein the crosslinked charge transport layer includes a reaction product of a radically polymerizable compound with three or more functional groups which does not have a charge transporting structure, and a radically polymerizable compound with one functional group, which compound has a charge transporting structure.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a movable body to be charged and a charger including a charging member that contacts or adjoins the body to be charged and applies a voltage, including an AC component, to the charging member for thereby charging the body. A protection substance for protecting the surface of the body from deterioration ascribable to charging is caused to exist on the body. The number of particular elements, contained in the protection substance and detected by an X-ray photon spectral analyzer (XPS) in a zone where the charging member charges the body, is held in a particular ratio to the total number of all elements constituting the outermost surface of the body and also detected by the XPS.
摘要:
An image formation apparatus comprising at least a moving body to be charged, a charging device for charging the body to be charged using discharge caused by applying a voltage to a charging member provided in contact with or proximity to the body to be charged, a latent image formation device for forming a latent image on a surface of the body to be charged which is charged by the charging device, and a development device for depositing toner on an image portion of the latent image formed by the latent image formation device, wherein an elastic displacement ratio τe for the surface of the body to be charged is equal to or greater than 40% which is defined by the following formula, elastic displacement ratio τe(%)=[(maximum displacement)−(plastic displacement)]/(maximum displacement)×100, and the image formation apparatus further comprises a protective material feeding device for depositing a protective material on at least a discharge area of the surface of the body to be charged.
摘要:
A heat-sensitive stencil including a porous support, and a thermoplastic resin film laminated on the support and having a surface smoothness of at least 10,000 seconds. The stencil is fabricated by bonding a thermoplastic resin film to a porous support with an adhesive having a specific viscosity and a specific volatile matter content, while maintaining each of the support and the film under a specific tension. The stencil may also be fabricated by applying a coating composition containing a resin and first and second solvents having a specific solubility and specific evaporation rates, and drying the applied composition to form a porous support. A printing master is produced by heating the above stencil imagewise by a thermal head with a heating energy of not greater than 0.05 mJ/dot.
摘要:
An image formation apparatus including at least a moving body to be charged, a charging device for charging the body to be charged using discharge caused by applying a voltage to a charging member provided in contact with or proximity to the body to be charged, a latent image formation device for forming a latent image on a surface of the body to be charged which is charged by the charging device, and a development device for depositing toner on an image portion of the latent image formed by the latent image formation device, wherein an elastic displacement ratio τe for the surface of the body to be charged is equal to or greater than 40% which is defined by the following formula, elastic displacement ratio τe (%)=[(maximum displacement)-(plastic displacement)]/(maximum displacement)×100, and the image formation apparatus further includes a protective material feeding device for depositing a protective material on at least a discharge area of the surface of the body to be charged.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a movable body to be charged and a charger including a charging member that contacts or adjoins the body to be charged and applies a voltage, including an AC component, to the charging member for thereby charging the body. A protection substance for protecting the surface of the body from deterioration ascribable to charging is caused to exist on the body. The number of particular elements, contained in the protection substance and detected by an X-ray photon spectral analyzer (XPS) in a zone where the charging member charges the body, is held in a particular ratio to the total number of all elements constituting the outermost surface of the body and also detected by the XPS.
摘要:
An image forming method including forming a toner image on an image bearing member; transferring the toner image onto a receiving material; and then cleaning the surface of the image bearing member with a cleaning member while applying a voltage to the cleaning member such that the cleaning member electrostatically attracts toner particles remaining on the image bearing member, wherein the image bearing member has, as an outermost layer, a crosslinked charge transport layer comprising a crosslinked resin including at least one unit obtained from at least one radical polymerizable polyfunctional monomer having three or more radical polymerizable functional groups and no charge transport structure, and a unit obtained from a radical polymerizable functional monomer having one or more radical polymerizable functional groups and a charge transport structure. An image forming apparatus and a process cartridge using the image forming method are also provided.
摘要:
An image forming process is provided, which is consisting of forming step for forming a latent electrostatic image on a photoconductor, developing step, transferring step, and fixing step, wherein the photoconductor contains the crosslinked charge transporting layer containing a cured product formed from at least a radical polymerizable compound having three or more functionalities and no charge transport structure, and a radical polymerizable compound having one functionality and a charge transport structure, wherein the developer includes a toner and a carrier, the carrier has core particles and a coating layer for coating the core particles, the content of the core particles having a particle diameter of smaller than 44 μm in the carrier is 70% by mass or more, and the content of the core particles having a particle diameter of smaller than 22 μm in the carrier is 7% by mass or less, a mass average particle diameter of the carrier (Dw) is 25 μm to 45 μm, and a ratio (Dw/Dp) of Dw to a number average particle diameter (Dp) is 1 to 1.30.