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    Method and system for classifying image elements
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and system for classifying image elements 有权
    用于分类图像元素的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US08244045B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-14

    申请号：US13182031

    申请日：2011-07-13

    申请人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrick Guy Haffner

    发明人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrick Guy Haffner

    IPC分类号： G06K9/62

    CPC分类号： G06K9/6267 ,  G06K9/34 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06K9/46 ,  G06K9/4652 ,  G06K9/50 ,  G06K2009/4666 ,  G06K2209/015 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N19/20

    摘要： A method, system, and machine-readable medium for classifying an image element as one of a plurality of categories, including assigning the image element based on a ratio between an unoccluded perimeter of the image element and an occluded perimeter of the image element and coding the image element according to a coding scheme associated with the category to which the image element is classified. Exemplary applications include image compression, where categories include image foreground and background layers.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于将图像元素分类为多个类别之一的方法，系统和机器可读介质，包括基于所述图像元素的未被占领的周边与所述图像元素的被遮挡的周边之间的比率来分配所述图像元素，以及编码 所述图像元素根据与所述图像元素分类到的类别相关联的编码方案。 示例性应用包括图像压缩，其中类别包括图像前景和背景层。

    Scalable Video Encoder/Decoder with Drift Control
    3.
    发明申请
    Scalable Video Encoder/Decoder with Drift Control 有权
    具有漂移控制的可扩展视频编码器/解码器

    公开(公告)号：US20110103484A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-05

    申请号：US12917769

    申请日：2010-11-02

    申请人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    发明人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    IPC分类号： H04N7/32

    CPC分类号： H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/36 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/91

    摘要： A system, method and computer-readable media are introduced that relate to data coding and decoding. A computing device encodes received data such as video data into a base layer of compressed video and an enhancement layer of compressed video. The computing device controls drift introduced into the base layer of the compressed video. The computing device, such as a scalable video coder, allows drift by predicting the base layer from the enhancement layer information. The amount of drift is managed to improve overall compression efficiency.

    摘要翻译： 引入了涉及数据编码和解码的系统，方法和计算机可读介质。 计算设备将诸如视频数据的接收数据编码成压缩视频的基本层和压缩视频的增强层。 计算设备控制引入压缩视频基本层的漂移。 诸如可分级视频编码器的计算设备通过从增强层信息预测基层来允许漂移。 管理漂移量可提高整体压缩效率。

    Z-coder: a fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder
    4.
    发明授权
    Z-coder: a fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder 失效
    Z编码器：快速自适应二进制算术编码器

    公开(公告)号：US06225925B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

    申请号：US09042007

    申请日：1998-03-13

    申请人： Yoshua Bengio ,  Leon Bottou ,  Paul G. Howard

    发明人： Yoshua Bengio ,  Leon Bottou ,  Paul G. Howard

    IPC分类号： H03M700

    CPC分类号： H03M7/4006

    摘要： A binary arithmetic coder and decoder provides improved coding accuracy due to improved probability estimation and adaptation. They also provide improved decoding speed through a “fast path” design wherein decoding of a most probable symbol requires few computational steps. Coded data represents data that is populated by more probable symbols (“MPS”) and less probable symbols (“LPS”). In an embodiment, a decoder receives a segment of the coded data as a binary fraction C. It defines a coding interval of possible values of C, the interval extending from a variable lower bound A to a constant upper bound 1. For each position in the decoded symbol string, the decoder computes a test value Z that subdivides the coding interval into sub-intervals according to the relative probabilities that an MPS or an LPS occurs in the position. A first sub-interval extends from the lower bound A to the test value Z; the second sub-interval extending from the test value Z to 1. If C is greater than Z, the decoder emits an MPS for the current position in the decoded symbol string and sets the lower bound A to the test variable Z for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. If C is less than Z, the decoder emits an LPS and computes a new lower bound A and a new binary fraction C for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. The encoder operates according to analogous techniques to compose coded data from original data.

    摘要翻译： 二进制算术编码器和解码器由于改进的概率估计和适应性而提供改进的编码精度。 它们还通过“快速路径”设计提供改进的解码速度，其中对最可能符号的解码需要很少的计算步骤。 编码数据表示由更可能的符号（“MPS”）和较少的可能符号（“LPS”）填充的数据。 在一个实施例中，解码器接收编码数据的一段作为二进制分数C.它定义了C的可能值的编码间隔，C是从可变下界A延伸到恒定上限1的间隔。对于 解码符号串，解码器根据MPS或LPS发生在该位置的相对概率来计算将编码间隔分割为子间隔的测试值Z。 第一个子间隔从下限A延伸到测试值Z; 第二子区间从测试值Z延伸到1.如果C大于Z，则解码器针对解码的符号串中的当前位置发出MPS，并将下限A设置为测试变量Z以在解码期间使用 的解码符号串中的下一个位置。 如果C小于Z，则解码器发出LPS并计算新的下限A和新的二进制分数C，以便在解码的符号串中的下一个位置的解码期间使用。 编码器根据类似的技术操作以从原始数据构成编码数据。

    Efficient convolutions using polynomial covers
    5.
    发明授权
    Efficient convolutions using polynomial covers 有权
    使用多项式覆盖的有效卷积

    公开(公告)号：US6144767A

    公开(公告)日：2000-11-07

    申请号：US189202

    申请日：1998-11-10

    申请人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrice Yvon Simard

    发明人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrice Yvon Simard

    IPC分类号： G06K9/52 ,  G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： G06K9/522

    摘要： Signal processing and pattern recognition is efficiently accomplished by using a plurality of low degree polynomials to approximate the images. The polynomials are then differentiated to obtain impulse functions. The impulse functions may be easily and efficiently convolved and the convolution subsequently integrated to extract the desired signal information.

    摘要翻译： 通过使用多个低度多项式近似图像来有效地实现信号处理和模式识别。 然后将多项式进行微分以获得脉冲函数。 脉冲函数可以容易且有效地卷积，并且卷积随后被整合以提取期望的信号信息。

    Offline counterfactual analysis
    7.
    发明授权
    Offline counterfactual analysis 有权
    离线反事实分析

    公开(公告)号：US08606608B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-12-10

    申请号：US12972417

    申请日：2010-12-17

    申请人： Leon Bottou ,  Denis Charles ,  David Maxwell Chickering ,  Patrice Simard

    发明人： Leon Bottou ,  Denis Charles ,  David Maxwell Chickering ,  Patrice Simard

    IPC分类号： G06Q10/00

    CPC分类号： G06Q30/0243

    摘要： Counterfactual analysis can be performed “offline”, or “after the fact”, based on data collected during a trial in which random variations are applied to the output of the system whose parameters are to be the subject of the counterfactual analysis. A weighting factor can be derived and applied to data collected during the trial to emphasize that data obtained when the random variations most closely resembled the output that would be expected if counterfactual parameters were utilized to generate the output. If the counterfactual parameters being considered differ too much from the parameters under which the trial was conducted, the offline counterfactual analysis can estimate a direction and magnitude of the change of the system performance, as opposed to deriving a specific expected system performance value. In economic transactions, the random variations can be considered variations in the price paid by another party, thereby enabling derivation of their marginal cost.

    摘要翻译： 反事实分析可以基于在试验期间收集的数据“离线”或“事后”进行，其中随机变量应用于其参数作为反事实分析的对象的系统的输出。 可以导出加权因子并将其应用于在试验期间收集的数据，以强调当随机变量最接近地类似于如果使用反事实参数来产生输出时将被预期的输出获得的数据。 如果所考虑的反事实参数与进行试验的参数有太大差异，那么脱机反事实分析可以估计系统性能变化的方向和幅度，而不是推导具体的预期系统性能值。 在经济交易中，随机变化可以被认为是另一方支付的价格变动，从而能够推算其边际成本。

    System and method for processing data with drift control
    8.
    发明授权
    System and method for processing data with drift control 有权
    用漂移控制处理数据的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07848433B1

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-07

    申请号：US11179979

    申请日：2005-07-12

    申请人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Bassi

    发明人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Bassi

    IPC分类号： H04B1/66

    CPC分类号： H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/36 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/91

    摘要： A system, method and computer-readable media are introduced that relate to data coding and decoding. A computing device encodes received data such as video data into a base layer of compressed video and an enhancement layer of compressed video. The computing device controls drift introduced into the base layer of the compressed video. The computing device, such as a scalable video coder, allows drift by predicting the base layer from the enhancement layer information. The amount of drift is managed to improve overall compression efficiency.

    摘要翻译： 引入了涉及数据编码和解码的系统，方法和计算机可读介质。 计算设备将诸如视频数据的接收数据编码成压缩视频的基本层和压缩视频的增强层。 计算设备控制引入压缩视频基本层的漂移。 诸如可分级视频编码器的计算设备通过从增强层信息预测基层来允许漂移。 管理漂移量可提高整体压缩效率。

    Method and system for classifying image elements
    9.
    发明授权
    Method and system for classifying image elements 有权
    用于分类图像元素的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US07657103B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-02

    申请号：US11140218

    申请日：2005-05-27

    申请人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrick Guy Haffner

    发明人： Leon Bottou ,  Patrick Guy Haffner

    IPC分类号： G06K9/62

    CPC分类号： G06K9/6267 ,  G06K9/34 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06K9/46 ,  G06K9/4652 ,  G06K9/50 ,  G06K2009/4666 ,  G06K2209/015 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N19/20

    摘要： A method, system, and machine-readable medium for classifying an image element as one of a plurality of categories, including assigning the image element based on a ratio between an unoccluded perimeter of the image element and an occluded perimeter of the image element and coding the image element according to a coding scheme associated with the category to which the image element is classified. Exemplary applications include image compression, where categories include image foreground and background layers.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于将图像元素分类为多个类别之一的方法，系统和机器可读介质，包括基于所述图像元素的未被占领的周边与所述图像元素的被遮挡的周边之间的比率来分配所述图像元素，以及编码 所述图像元素根据与所述图像元素分类到的类别相关联的编码方案。 示例性应用包括图像压缩，其中类别包括图像前景和背景层。

    Compression of partially-masked image data
    10.
    发明授权
    Compression of partially-masked image data 有权
    部分屏蔽图像数据的压缩

    公开(公告)号：US07450772B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-11-11

    申请号：US11734346

    申请日：2007-04-12

    申请人： Leon Bottou ,  Steven Pigeon

    发明人： Leon Bottou ,  Steven Pigeon

    IPC分类号： G06K9/36

    CPC分类号： G06T9/007 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/1883 ,  H04N19/63

    摘要： Wavelet coding of partially-masked image information may be made faster by either of two embodiments of the present invention. In a first embodiment, quick convergence is obtained by performing wavelet encoding in stages, each stage associated with a predetermined wavelet scale. By advancing the stages from finest scale to coarsest scale, coefficients of masked wavelets are identifies early in the coding process. In a second embodiment, quick convergence is obtained by introducing overshoot techniques when masked coefficients are identified, modified and image data is reconstructed therefrom.

    摘要翻译： 通过本发明的两个实施例中的任一个可以使部分掩蔽的图像信息的小波编码更快。 在第一实施例中，通过分阶段执行小波编码来获得快速收敛，每个阶段与预定小波尺度相关联。 通过将阶段从最佳规模推广到最粗规模，掩码小波的系数在编码过程的早期就被识别。 在第二实施例中，当掩蔽的系数被识别，修改并且从其重建图像数据时，通过引入过冲技术来获得快速收敛。