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    Electronic watermarking in the compressed domain utilizing perceptual coding
    1.
    发明授权
    Electronic watermarking in the compressed domain utilizing perceptual coding 有权
    利用感知编码的压缩域中的电子水印

    公开(公告)号：US06493457B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

    申请号：US09192359

    申请日：1998-11-16

    申请人： Schuyler Reynier Quackenbush ,  Amy Ruth Reibman ,  David Hilton Shur ,  James H. Snyder

    发明人： Schuyler Reynier Quackenbush ,  Amy Ruth Reibman ,  David Hilton Shur ,  James H. Snyder

    IPC分类号： G06K900

    CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  G06T1/0028 ,  G06T1/0035 ,  G06T2201/0052 ,  G06T2201/0053 ,  G06T2201/0083 ,  G10L19/018 ,  H04N1/32128 ,  H04N1/32149 ,  H04N1/32154 ,  H04N1/32187 ,  H04N1/32272 ,  H04N1/32277 ,  H04N1/32299 ,  H04N1/32304 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/467 ,  H04N19/48 ,  H04N19/90 ,  H04N21/23892 ,  H04N21/8358 ,  H04N2201/3233 ,  H04N2201/3239 ,  H04N2201/327 ,  H04N2201/3281

    摘要： A method and apparatus are described for inserting a watermark in the compressed domain. The watermark inserted does not require a reference. An overall watermarking system incorporating the invention combines cleartext, bitstream, and integrated watermarking. In a perceptual coder, the data enters a filterbank, where it is processed into multiple separate coefficients. A rate/distortion control module uses noise threshold information from a perceptual coder, together with bit-count information from a noiseless coder, to compute scale factors. The coefficients are multiplied by the scale factors and quantized, then noiseless coded and then output for further processing/transmission. The invention supports three embodiments for inserting a mark into the bitstream imperceptibly. It is assumed that some set of scale factor bands have been selected, into which mark data will be inserted. In one embodiment, a set of multipliers {xi=2Ni: i&egr;M} is chosen. Each triple is modified by dividing the scale factor by x,i multiplying the quantized coefficients by {xi}, and adding mark data to the non-zero modified quantized coefficients. In an alternate embodiment, watermark data is represented via two characteristics of the bitstream data. A Huffinan table is selected for encoding the Scale Factor Band receiving watermark data which is not the table that would normally be used. The watermark data bit is set according to any desired scheme, and the quantized coefficients are derived using the alternate Huffinan table. In another embodiment, watermarking is integrated with quantization. The watermark is therefore difficult to remove without perceptible effects. The fact that marking data is present is again indicated by characteristics of the bitstream data. The modification factors {xi} are now all close to unity.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于在压缩域中插入水印的方法和装置。 插入的水印不需要参考。 结合本发明的整体水印系统结合了明文，比特流和集成水印。 在感知编码器中，数据进入滤波器组，其中它被处理成多个分离的系数。 速率/失真控制模块使用来自感知编码器的噪声阈值信息以及来自无噪声编码器的位计数信息来计算比例因子。 将系数乘以比例因子并进行量化，然后进行无噪声编码，然后输出进一步处理/传输。 本发明支持将标记插入比特流的三个实施例。 假设已经选择了一些比例因子频带，其中将插入标记数据。 在一个实施例中，选择一组乘法器{xi = 2Ni：iepsiM}。 通过将比例因子除以x来修改每个三元组，i将量化系数乘以{xi}，并将标记数据添加到非零修改的量化系数。 在替代实施例中，通过比特流数据的两个特征来表示水印数据。 选择赫芬菜表来编码不是通常使用的表的比例因子带接收水印数据。 水印数据位根据任何期望的方案设置，并且量化系数使用交替的Huffinan表导出。 在另一个实施例中，水印与量化集成。 因此，水印很难去除，而没有可察觉的影响。 标记数据存在的事实再次由比特流数据的特征指示。 修改因子{xi}现在都接近于一致。

    Scalable Video Encoder/Decoder with Drift Control
    2.
    发明申请
    Scalable Video Encoder/Decoder with Drift Control 有权
    具有漂移控制的可扩展视频编码器/解码器

    公开(公告)号：US20110103484A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-05

    申请号：US12917769

    申请日：2010-11-02

    申请人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    发明人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    IPC分类号： H04N7/32

    CPC分类号： H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/36 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/91

    摘要： A system, method and computer-readable media are introduced that relate to data coding and decoding. A computing device encodes received data such as video data into a base layer of compressed video and an enhancement layer of compressed video. The computing device controls drift introduced into the base layer of the compressed video. The computing device, such as a scalable video coder, allows drift by predicting the base layer from the enhancement layer information. The amount of drift is managed to improve overall compression efficiency.

    摘要翻译： 引入了涉及数据编码和解码的系统，方法和计算机可读介质。 计算设备将诸如视频数据的接收数据编码成压缩视频的基本层和压缩视频的增强层。 计算设备控制引入压缩视频基本层的漂移。 诸如可分级视频编码器的计算设备通过从增强层信息预测基层来允许漂移。 管理漂移量可提高整体压缩效率。

    Methods and apparatus to detect transport faults in media presentation systems
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus to detect transport faults in media presentation systems 有权
    在媒体演示系统中检测传输故障的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08451907B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-05-28

    申请号：US12202839

    申请日：2008-09-02

    申请人： Amy Ruth Reibman

    发明人： Amy Ruth Reibman

    IPC分类号： H04N11/02

    CPC分类号： G06F11/0772 ,  G06F11/0709 ,  G06F11/076 ,  G06F11/0766 ,  G06F11/079 ,  H04L41/06 ,  H04L43/16 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N21/64322

    摘要： Example methods and apparatus to detect transport faults in media presentation systems are disclosed. An example method comprises decoding a media stream to form audio data and pixel data, computing a first value representative of the media stream using pixel data associated with a first set of the video frames, computing a second value representative of the media stream using pixel data associated with a second set of the video frames, computing a third value representative of first speech in a first segment of the audio data, computing a fourth value representative of second speech in a second segment of the audio data, determining a fifth value representative of a likelihood that a transport failure has affected the media stream, the fifth value determined using the first, second, third and fourth values, and comparing the fifth value to a threshold to determine whether to generate a transport failure alert.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于检测媒体呈现系统中的传输故障的示例性方法和装置。 示例性方法包括解码媒体流以形成音频数据和像素数据，使用与第一组视频帧相关联的像素数据计算代表媒体流的第一值，使用像素数据计算代表媒体流的第二值 与第二组视频帧相关联，计算表示音频数据的第一段中的第一语音的第三值，在音频数据的第二段中计算代表第二语音的第四值，确定表示第 传输故障影响媒体流的可能性，使用第一，第二，第三和第四值确定的第五值，以及将第五值与阈值进行比较，以确定是否生成传输故障警报。

    Timing recovery for variable bit-rate video on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks
    5.
    发明授权
    Timing recovery for variable bit-rate video on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks 失效
    异步传输模式（ATM）网络中可变比特率视频的定时恢复

    公开(公告)号：US5668841A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-16

    申请号：US589428

    申请日：1996-01-22

    申请人： Barin Geoffry Haskell ,  Amy Ruth Reibman

    发明人： Barin Geoffry Haskell ,  Amy Ruth Reibman

    IPC分类号： H04L7/02 ,  H04L7/033 ,  H04L12/70 ,  H04L12/951 ,  H04N21/43 ,  H04N21/44 ,  H04N21/643 ,  H04Q3/00 ,  H04J3/06 ,  H04L7/027

    CPC分类号： H04N21/64307 ,  H04N21/4305 ,  H04N21/4307 ,  H04N21/44004

    摘要： The problems associated with slow timing recovery in an ATM receiver are overcome by detecting the transmission rate of a received bit stream and periodically detecting the transmitted Enc.sub.-- CR values, which are used to calculate additional estimated clock reference (Est.sub.-- CR) values between the actual transmitted Enc.sub.-- CR values. The Est.sub.-- CR values are then used along with the actually received Enc.sub.-- CR values to generate a phase locked loop (PLL) error signal (TC.sub.-- ERROR), wherein the PLL is caused to converge more rapidly. In one embodiment, the TC.sub.-- ERROR values are generated for each received cell or packet instead of only for each received Enc.sub.-- CR value and, consequently, timing recovery is significantly speeded up. Additionally, the Est.sub.-- CR values can be adjusted to minimize the effects of lost cells, as well as, drift in the transmission rate.

    摘要翻译： 通过检测接收到的比特流的传输速率并周期性地检测所发送的Enc-CR值来克服与ATM接收机中的慢定时恢复相关的问题，所述传输的Enc-CR值用于计算在所述传输的Enc-CR值之间的附加估计时钟参考（Est-CR） 实际发送的Enc-CR值。 然后将Est-CR值与实际接收到的Enc-CR值一起使用以产生锁相环（PLL）错误信号（TC-ERROR），其中使得PLL更快地收敛。 在一个实施例中，针对每个接收到的小区或分组而不是仅针对每个接收的Enc-CR值生成TC-ERROR值，因此定时恢复显着加快。 另外，可以调整Est-CR值以最小化丢失的小区的影响以及传输速率的漂移。

    Scalable video encoder/decoder with drift control
    6.
    发明授权
    Scalable video encoder/decoder with drift control 有权
    具有漂移控制的可扩展视频编码器/解码器

    公开(公告)号：US06961383B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

    申请号：US09683122

    申请日：2001-11-21

    申请人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    发明人： Amy Ruth Reibman ,  Leon Bottou ,  Andrea Basso

    IPC分类号： H04N7/12 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50

    CPC分类号： H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/18 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/36 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/91

    摘要： Scalable video coders have traditionally avoided using enhancement layer information to predict the base layer, so as to avoid so-called “drift”. As a result, they are less efficient than a one-layer coder. The present invention is directed to a scalable video coder that allows drift, by predicting the base layer from the enhancement layer information. Through careful management of the amount of drift introduced, the overall compression efficiency can be improved while only slighly degrading resilience for lower bit-rates.

    摘要翻译： 传统上可扩展视频编码器避免使用增强层信息来预测基层，以避免所谓的“漂移”。 因此，它们的效率比单层编码器低。 本发明涉及一种可分级视频编码器，其通过从增强层信息预测基本层来允许漂移。 通过仔细管理所引入的漂移量，可以提高整体压缩效率，同时仅降低低比特率的弹性。

    Error resilient transcoding for video over wireless channels
    7.
    发明授权
    Error resilient transcoding for video over wireless channels 有权
    通过无线频道对视频进行弹性转码错误

    公开(公告)号：US06339450B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

    申请号：US09399689

    申请日：1999-09-21

    申请人： Shih-Fu Chang ,  Justin Che-I Chuang ,  Gustavo De Los Reyes ,  Amy Ruth Reibman

    发明人： Shih-Fu Chang ,  Justin Che-I Chuang ,  Gustavo De Los Reyes ,  Amy Ruth Reibman

    IPC分类号： H04N704

    CPC分类号： H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/164 ,  H04N19/89

    摘要： A method and system for maintaining the quality of video transported over wireless channels uses a transcoder to modify and maintain the optical resilience of an encoded bitstream. The transcoder increases the spatial resilience by reducing the number of blocks per slice, and increases the temporal resilience by increasing the proportion of I-blocks that are transmitted in each frame. Also, the transcoder maintains the same input bit rate by dropping less significant coefficients as it increases resilience. The transcoder of the present invention maintains the resilience at an optimal level to accommodate the prevailing channel conditions as measured by the BER of the wireless channel. Rate distortion theory is applied to determine the optimal allocation of bit rate among spatial resilience, temporal resilience and source rate, where it is has been found that the optimal allocation of the present invention (which occurs in near-real time) provides nearly the same result as doing an exhaustive search.

    摘要翻译： 用于维持通过无线信道传输的视频的质量的方法和系统使用代码转换器来修改和维持编码比特流的光弹性。 代码转换器通过减少每个片段的块数来增加空间弹性，并且通过增加在每个帧中发送的I块的比例来增加时间弹性。 此外，代码转换器通过在增加复原力的同时降低较不重要的系数来维持相同的输入比特率。 本发明的代码转换器将弹性保持在最佳水平以适应由无线信道的BER测量的主要信道条件。 应用速率失真理论来确定空间弹性，时间弹性和源速率之间的比特率的最佳分配，其中已经发现本发明的最佳分配（以近实时发生）提供几乎相同的 结果是做一个详尽的搜索。