Methods for characterizing relative film density using spectroscopic analysis at the device level
    1.
    发明授权
    Methods for characterizing relative film density using spectroscopic analysis at the device level 有权
    在器件级使用光谱分析表征相对膜密度的方法

    公开(公告)号:US09052269B1

    公开(公告)日:2015-06-09

    申请号:US13460501

    申请日:2012-04-30

    摘要: Methods for characterizing relative film density using spectroscopic analysis at the device level are provided. One such method includes obtaining a composition of materials at preselected areas of a workpiece using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, obtaining an electron energy loss spectrum-imaging data at each of the preselected areas using electron energy loss spectroscopy, removing, for each of the preselected areas, a preselected noise component of the electron energy spectrum-imaging data to form a plasmon energy spectrum-imaging data, generating, for each of the preselected areas, a plasmon energy map based on the respective plasmon energy spectrum-imaging data, determining, for each of the preselected areas, an average plasmon energy value from the respective plasmon energy map, and calculating a relative mass density of the preselected areas based on the average plasmon energy value, a number of valence electrons per molecule, and a molecular weight for each of the preselected areas.

    摘要翻译: 提供了在器件级使用光谱分析来表征相对膜密度的方法。 一种这样的方法包括使用能量色散X射线光谱法在工件的预选区域获得材料的组成,使用电子能量损失光谱法在每个预选区域获得电子能量损失光谱成像数据, 预选区域,电子能谱成像数据的预选噪声分量,以形成等离子体激元能谱成像数据,为每个预选区域生成基于相应的等离子体激元能谱成像数据的等离子体激元能量图,确定 对于每个预选区域,来自各个等离子体激元能量图的平均等离子体激元能量值,并且基于平均等离子体激元能量值,每分子的价电子数和分子量来计算预选区域的相对质量密度 对于每个预选区域。

    Method and apparatus for implementing PDM-BPSK modulation and QPSK modulation in compatible manner
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for implementing PDM-BPSK modulation and QPSK modulation in compatible manner 有权
    以兼容的方式实现PDM-BPSK调制和QPSK调制的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US08737844B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-05-27

    申请号:US13545637

    申请日:2012-07-10

    IPC分类号: H04B10/00

    摘要: A method for implementing Polarization Division Multiplexing Binary Phase Shift Keying (PDM-BPSK) modulation and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation in a compatible manner includes: dividing a direct current (DC) light into a first channel of light and a second channel of light with the same power; separately performing optoelectrical modulation on the first channel of light and the second channel of light and correspondingly outputting a first optical signal and a second optical signal in a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) format; performing polarization state control on the first optical signal; performing a phase shift on the first optical signal or the second optical signal; and performing optical signal combination with the polarization state preserved on the first optical signal and the second optical signal after the polarization state control and the phase shift, and outputting a PDM-BPSK modulation optical signal or a QPSK modulation optical signal.

    摘要翻译: 用于以兼容方式实现偏振分复用二进制相移键控(PDM-BPSK)调制和正交相移键控(QPSK)调制的方法包括:将直流(DC)光分成第一通道和第二通道 光能相同的力量; 在第一光通道和第二光通道上分别执行光电调制,并相应地以二进制相移键控(BPSK)格式输出第一光信号和第二光信号; 对所述第一光信号执行偏振状态控制; 对所述第一光信号或所述第二光信号执行相移; 以及在所述偏振状态控制和相移之后执行保留在所述第一光信号和所述第二光信号上的所述偏振状态的光信号组合,以及输出PDM-BPSK调制光信号或QPSK调制光信号。

    Device and Method for Optical Beam Combination
    5.
    发明申请
    Device and Method for Optical Beam Combination 有权
    光束组合装置与方法

    公开(公告)号:US20120257902A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-10-11

    申请号:US13080976

    申请日:2011-04-06

    IPC分类号: H04B10/00

    摘要: An optical apparatus includes a first beam combining device arranged to receive a first optical beam having a first wavelength at a first location and a second optical beam output having a second wavelength at a second location. The second optical beam has a polarization that is substantially orthogonal to a polarization of the first optical beam. The first beam combining device configured to output a first combined beam that comprises a combination of the first optical beam and the second optical beam. An optical element is arranged to receive the first combined beam and a second combined beam and to transmit an output beam that includes a combination of the first combined beam and the second combined beam.

    摘要翻译: 光学装置包括:第一光束组合装置,被布置成在第一位置处接收具有第一波长的第一光束和在第二位置处具有第二波长的第二光束输出。 第二光束具有基本上正交于第一光束的偏振的极化。 第一光束组合装置被配置为输出包括第一光束和第二光束的组合的第一组合光束。 光学元件布置成接收第一组合光束和第二组合光束并且传输包括第一组合光束和第二组合光束的组合的输出光束。

    METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING OTUK FRAME, AND SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTING OTUK FRAME
    6.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING OTUK FRAME, AND SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTING OTUK FRAME 有权
    用于恢复OTUK框架的方法和装置,以及用于运输OTU框架的系统

    公开(公告)号:US20120141116A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-06-07

    申请号:US13347863

    申请日:2012-01-11

    IPC分类号: H04J14/00 H04B10/08

    摘要: A method for recovering an OTUk frame includes: receiving an optical signal sent by using a method of multi-lane distribution from the OTUk frame to an interface of an optical module; converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, performing electrical equalization and demodulation on the electrical signal, and recovering multi-lane data from the demodulated signal; aligning and rearranging the data on each lane, according to a lane sequence identifier included in an overhead frame header of the data on each lane; and recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned and rearranged data. According to the present invention, lane rearrangement is performed by detecting the lane sequence identifier, and the recovery of the OTUk frame is achieved. Therefore, a training sequence overhead does not need to be additionally introduced, and the influence on the system performance is avoided.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于恢复OTUk帧的方法包括:接收通过使用从OTUk帧到光模块的接口的多通道分配方法发送的光信号; 将光信号转换成电信号,对电信号执行电均衡和解调,以及从解调信号中恢复多通道数据; 根据包括在每个车道上的数据的开销帧头中的车道序列标识符,对每个车道上的数据进行排列和重排; 并根据对齐和重新排列的数据恢复OTUk帧。 根据本发明,通过检测车道序列标识符来执行车道重排,并且实现了OTUk帧的恢复。 因此,不需要额外引入训练序列开销,避免对系统性能的影响。

    Apparatus and method for adjusting working frequency of voltage regulator down circuit (VRD) by detecting current
    7.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for adjusting working frequency of voltage regulator down circuit (VRD) by detecting current 有权
    通过检测电流来调节调压降压电路(VRD)的工作频率的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US07795852B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-09-14

    申请号:US12017618

    申请日:2008-01-22

    申请人: Li Zeng Shih-Hao Liu

    发明人: Li Zeng Shih-Hao Liu

    IPC分类号: G05F1/56

    CPC分类号: H02M3/156 H02M2001/0009

    摘要: The present invention provides an apparatus for adjusting a working frequency of a VRD. The apparatus includes a current detecting circuit, a variable resistance module, and a controller. The current detecting circuit is adapted for determining an output load state of the VRD by detecting a value of a current outputting from the VRD, and outputting a control signal for adjusting the working frequency of the VRD according to the output load state of the VRD. The variable resistance module is coupled to the VRD, and is adapted for providing an external resistor to the VRD. The controller is coupled to the current detecting circuit, and is adapted for receiving the control signal, and adjusting a resistance of the variable resistance module, so as to adjust the working frequency of the VRD.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供一种用于调整VRD的工作频率的装置。 该装置包括电流检测电路,可变电阻模块和控制器。 电流检测电路用于通过检测从VRD输出的电流的值来确定VRD的输出负载状态,并且根据VRD的输出负载状态输出用于调整VRD的工作频率的控制信号。 可变电阻模块耦合到VRD,并适用于向VRD提供外部电阻。 控制器耦合到电流检测电路,适用于接收控制信号,并调整可变电阻模块的电阻,以便调整VRD的工作频率。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING AND RECEIVING HIGH-SPEED ETHERNET MEDIA INDEPENDENT INTERFACE BLOCKS
    8.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING AND RECEIVING HIGH-SPEED ETHERNET MEDIA INDEPENDENT INTERFACE BLOCKS 有权
    用于分配和接收高速以太网媒体独立接口块的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20090274172A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-11-05

    申请号:US12498935

    申请日:2009-07-07

    IPC分类号: H04J3/22

    CPC分类号: H04L1/0057 H04L12/66

    摘要: A method and apparatus for distributing and receiving high-speed Ethernet Media Independent Interface (MII) blocks are provided to moderate the increase of control lines with the increase of the bit width and to simplify the block types in the coding process of the Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS). The technical solution disclosed herein includes: processing received Media Access Control (MAC) layer data, and adjusting distribution of control characters to generate a 64-bit block; obtaining a control signal code of the 64-bit block according to the relation between the form of the 64-bit block and the control signal code; and binding each 64-bit block to the corresponding control signal code respectively, and sending bound data over a separate channel.

    摘要翻译: 提供了用于分配和接收高速以太网媒体独立接口(MII)块的方法和装置,以便随着位宽度的增加来缓和控制线的增加,并且简化了物理编码子层的编码处理中的块类型 (PCS)。 本文公开的技术方案包括:处理接收到的媒体访问控制(MAC)层数据,并调整控制字符的分配以产生64位块; 根据64位块的形式与控制信号码之间的关系,获得64位块的控制信号码; 并分别将每个64位块绑定到相应的控制信号代码,并通过单独的通道发送绑定数据。