公开(公告)号：US08011425B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-06

申请号：US12904301

申请日：2010-10-14

申请人： Christopher Walter Konschuh ,  Michael Louis Larronde ,  Larry Wayne Thompson ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

发明人： Christopher Walter Konschuh ,  Michael Louis Larronde ,  Larry Wayne Thompson ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

IPC分类号： E21B4/02

CPC分类号： E21B47/01 ,  E21B4/02 ,  E21B47/122

摘要： Apparatus and methods for establishing electrical communication between an instrument subsection disposed below a mud motor and an electronics sonde disposed above the mud motor in a drill string conveyed borehole logging system. Electrical communication is established via at least one conductor disposed within the mud motor and connecting the instrument sub section to a link disposed between the mud motor and the electronics sonde. The link can be embodied as a current coupling link, a magnetic coupling ling, an electromagnetic telemetry ling and a direct electrical contact link. Two way data transfer is established in all link embodiments. Power transfer is also established in all but the electromagnetic telemetry link.

摘要翻译： 设置在泥浆马达下方的仪器部分和设置在泥浆马达上方的电子探空仪之间的电气通信的装置和方法，其中钻柱传送钻孔测井系统。 通过设置在泥浆马达内的至少一个导体建立电气通信，并将仪器子部分连接到设置在泥浆马达和电子探空仪之间的连杆。 该连杆可以被实现为电流耦合链路，磁耦合线圈，电磁遥测线圈和直接电接触链路。 在所有链路实施例中建立双向数据传输。 除电磁遥测线路外，所有电力传输也都建立起来。

公开(公告)号：US20110084698A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-14

申请号：US12653000

申请日：2010-01-06

申请人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Larry W. Thompson ,  Jian-Qun Wu ,  Lance Pate

发明人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Larry W. Thompson ,  Jian-Qun Wu ,  Lance Pate

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01V3/30

摘要： A steerable, magnetic dipole antenna for Measurement-While-Drilling (MWD) or Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) applications. The antenna elements use a hole arrangement in addition to grooves in a steel tool body, which is typically a drill collar. This antenna embodiment is extremely robust, meaning that does not significantly reduce the structural integrity of the tool body in which it is disposed. The antenna embodiment is also relatively wear resistant. The resultant magnetic dipole generated by this antenna is also electrically steerable in inclination angle from a common origin. A variable dipole moment inclination angle combined with independently measured tool rotation orientation during normal drilling allows the antenna to generate a magnetic dipole moment that may be directed at any three dimensional angle and from a common origin point at the centroid of the antenna. The antenna can also be embodied to be more sensitive to resitivity in a particular azimuthal direction.

摘要翻译： 用于钻井测量（MWD）或钻井记录（LWD）应用的可操纵的磁偶极子天线。 天线元件除了通常是钻铤的钢工具主体中的凹槽之外还使用孔布置。 该天线实施例非常坚固，这意味着不会显着降低其所在的工具主体的结构完整性。 天线实施例也是相对耐磨的。 由该天线产生的所得磁偶极子也可以从公共原点以倾斜角度电动转向。 在正常钻孔期间结合独立测量的工具旋转定向的可变偶极矩倾斜角度允许天线产生磁偶极矩，其可以以任何三维角度和从天线的质心处的共同起点指向。 天线也可以被体现为对特定方位方向的电位更敏感。

公开(公告)号：US20080224707A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

申请号：US11685040

申请日：2007-03-12

申请人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Larry Wayne Thompson ,  Jian-Qun Wu ,  Michael S. Spencer

发明人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Larry Wayne Thompson ,  Jian-Qun Wu ,  Michael S. Spencer

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  H01Q1/04 ,  H01Q1/40 ,  H01Q9/20 ,  H01Q21/205

摘要： An electromagnetic antenna for Measurement-While-Drilling (MWD) applications is disclosed. The antenna can include several array elements that can act alone or together in various measurement modes. The antenna elements can be disposed in tool body recesses to be protected from damage. The antenna elements can include a ferrite plate crossed or looped by independent current carrying conductors in two or more directions forming a bi-directional or crossed magnetic dipole. Although disclosed as a MWD system conveyed by a drill string, basic concepts of the system are applicable to other types of borehole conveyance.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于钻井测量（MWD）的电磁天线。 天线可以包括可以以各种测量模式单独或一起作用的几个阵列元件。 天线元件可以设置在工具主体凹部中以防止损坏。 天线元件可以包括由形成双向或交叉磁偶极子的两个或更多个方向上的独立的载流导体交叉或环绕的铁氧体板。 虽然作为通过钻柱传送的MWD系统被公开，该系统的基本概念可应用于其他类型的钻孔输送。

公开(公告)号：US07126492B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-24

申请号：US10781585

申请日：2004-02-18

申请人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Hugh E. Hall, Jr. ,  Denis Weisbeck

发明人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Hugh E. Hall, Jr. ,  Denis Weisbeck

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/122 ,  E21B17/003 ,  G01V11/002 ,  Y10T307/707

摘要： An electromagnetic borehole telemetry system for transmitting information between a borehole transceiver and a surface transceiver located at or near the surface of the earth. Tubulars, such as steel casing and liners, are typically set within the well borehole to stabilize the wall of the borehole and to assist in hydraulically isolating penetrated formations. The invention utilizes these tubulars cooperating with one or more signal wires to reduce attenuation and noise in signals transmitted between the borehole and surface transceivers. The one or more signal wires are typically disposed within an annulus formed by the borehole wall and the outside surface of the casing. The one or more signal wires are connected at one end to one or more connection terminals positioned preferably near the bottom a tubular string. Opposing ends of the one or more signal wires are connected to one or more terminals of the surface transceiver. By minimizing signal attenuation and noise, the telemetry system can be effectively used at greater depths in the borehole. The telemetry system can be embodied in a measurement-while-drilling system, a formation testing system, a production monitoring system and other system requiring communication between a downhole assembly and the surface of the earth.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在钻孔收发器和位于地球表面附近的地面收发器之间传送信息的电磁井眼遥测系统。 诸如钢壳体和衬套的管状体通常设置在井眼内以稳定井眼的壁并辅助液压隔离穿透的地层。 本发明利用与一个或多个信号线协作的这些管状物来减少在钻孔和表面收发器之间传输的信号中的衰减和噪声。 一个或多个信号线通常设置在由钻孔壁和壳体的外表面形成的环形空间内。 一个或多个信号线在一端连接到优选地靠近底部的管状串的一个或多个连接端子。 一个或多个信号线的相对端连接到表面收发器的一个或多个端子。 通过最小化信号衰减和噪声，遥测系统可以在井眼的较大深度有效使用。 遥测系统可以体现在钻井测量系统，地层测试系统，生产监控系统和需要井下组件与地表之间的通信的其他系统中。

公开(公告)号：US06703837B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US09662973

申请日：2000-09-15

申请人： MacMillan M. Wisler ,  Larry W. Thompson

发明人： MacMillan M. Wisler ,  Larry W. Thompson

IPC分类号： G01V330

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： The present invention is a propagation resistivity system that utilizes one or more transmitter coil antennas, or “transmitters” and at least two receiver coil antennas, or “receivers”. The system uses a wellbore resistivity tool which may be embodied as a MWD tool or as a wireline tool. Two or more transmitters may be spaced equally on either side of two or more spaced-apart receivers. Two or more frequencies are transmitted and received simultaneously. Multiple frequencies may be transmitted from each transmitter or from separate transmitters at the same time. Multiple frequencies are simultaneously received and analyzed by the receiver electronics, thereby reducing the measurement time for multiple frequency measurements. In one embodiment each of two transmitters transmits simultaneously. One transmitter operates on a high frequency. The second transmitter operates at a lower frequency. The higher frequency signal penetrates a relatively shallow radial distance into the formation and the lower frequency penetrates to a radial depth which exceeds the higher frequency. Composite measurements made at two radial depths are used to compensate for factors having adverse effects on resistivity measurements in the immediate region of the borehole. Such factors include invasion, variations in borehole size, variations in borehole fluid, and the like.

摘要翻译： 本发明是利用一个或多个发射器线圈天线或“发射器”和至少两个接收器线圈天线或“接收器”的传播电阻率系统。 该系统使用井眼电阻率工具，其可以被实现为MWD工具或作为电缆工具。 两个或更多个发射器可以在两个或更多个间隔开的接收器的任一侧上均匀间隔开。 同时发送和接收两个或更多个频率。 多个频率可以从每个发射机或从单独的发射机同时发射。 多个频率同时由接收机电子接收和分析，从而减少多次频率测量的测量时间。 在一个实施例中，两个发射机中的每一个同时发射。 一个发射机在高频下工作。 第二个发射机的频率较低。 较高的频率信号穿过相对浅的径向距离进入地层，较低的频率穿透到超过较高频率的径向深度。 在两个径向深度进行的复合测量用于补偿在井眼的近区域对电阻率测量有不利影响的因素。 这些因素包括入侵，井眼尺寸的变化，井眼流体的变化等。

公开(公告)号：US06703833B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US10223854

申请日：2002-08-20

申请人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Bryan L. Gonsoulin ,  Larry W. Thompson

发明人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Bryan L. Gonsoulin ,  Larry W. Thompson

IPC分类号： G01V300

CPC分类号： G01V3/32 ,  G01N24/081

摘要： An NMR apparatus includes permanent magnets oppositely polarized in the axial direction and suitably arranged along the axis of the apparatus to produce a nearly radial static magnetic field in a toroidal examination region within the rock formation surrounding the wellbore. A first coil is wound around a cylindrical annulus core coaxial with the magnets, the core including high magnetic permeability material. The first coil produces pulsed RF magnetic fields oriented parallel to the axis of the apparatus and thus perpendicular to the static magnetic field in the toroidal examination region. This reorients certain nuclear spins and the bulk magnetization of the formation within the examination region resulting from them. The first coil picks up on component of the spin-echo signals of the precessing nucleii. A second coil toroidally wound around the same cylindrical annulus core in the form of a torus with windings in planes parallel to the axis of the apparatus detects a second component of the spin-echo signals. The apparatus also includes a third coil spaced apart from the first coil and having a geometry similar to that of the second coil. An electrically conducting collar shields the third coil from the magnetic fields produced elsewhere in the apparatus. A processor combines the signals from the three coils to give spin-echo signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio.

摘要翻译： NMR装置包括在轴向上相反极化的永磁体，并且沿着装置的轴线适当地布置，以在围绕井筒的岩层内的环形检查区域中产生近似径向的静磁场。 第一线圈缠绕在与磁体同轴的圆柱形环形芯上，芯包括高磁导率材料。 第一线圈产生平行于设备的轴线定向并因此垂直于环形检查区域中的静态磁场的脉冲RF磁场。 这样会导致某些核自旋和由它们产生的检查区域内的地层的体积磁化。 第一个线圈拾取进动核的自旋回波信号的分量。 绕平行于设备轴线的平面中具有绕组的环面形式的环形环绕环形环绕在同一圆柱形环形芯上的第二线圈检测自旋回波信号的第二分量。 该装置还包括与第一线圈间隔开的具有类似于第二线圈的几何形状的第三线圈。 导电轴环将第三线圈与设备中别处产生的磁场屏蔽。 处理器组合来自三个线圈的信号，以提供具有改善的信噪比的自旋回波信号。

公开(公告)号：US06179066B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

申请号：US09231568

申请日：1999-01-14

申请人： Hatem Nasr ,  Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Joachim Oppelt

发明人： Hatem Nasr ,  Macmillan M. Wisler ,  Joachim Oppelt

IPC分类号： E21B706

CPC分类号： E21B47/124 ,  E21B17/1014 ,  E21B17/1064 ,  E21B44/00 ,  E21B44/005 ,  E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/082 ,  E21B47/12 ,  G01V11/005 ,  G01V2210/161

摘要： The present invention provides a drilling assembly with a stabilization system that stabilizes at least a section of the drilling assembly as a function of one or more downhole measured parameters or parameters of interest. One or more sensors carried by the drilling assembly measure the desired parameters of interest and a control system controls the stabilizer system in response to one or more determined parameters of interest to provide desired stabilization of a section of the drilling assembly. Measurement-while-drilling sensors whose measurements are affected by the parameters of interest are preferably disposed in the stabilized section. In one embodiment, the stabilization system includes at least two axially spaced apart stabilizers. Each such stabilizer includes a plurality of independently adjustable members that radially extend from the drilling assembly to exert force on the wellbore inside. A control circuit processes the signals from the sensors and in response thereto causes a power unit to independently adjust the force applied by the adjustable members so as to maintain a parameter of interest below a predetermined value. The measurement-while-drilling sensors take measurements while the stabilization system is activated, which may be during the drilling of the wellbore or during retrieval of the drilling assembly from the wellbore. In an alternative embodiment, the stabilization system includes only one stabilizer that may contain a plurality of independently adjustable members.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种具有稳定系统的钻井组件，该稳定系统根据一个或多个井下测量参数或感兴趣的参数来调节钻井组件的至少一部分。 由钻井组件承载的一个或多个传感器测量所期望的感兴趣的参数，并且控制系统响应于一个或多个所确定的感兴趣的参数来控制稳定器系统，以提供钻孔组件的一部分的期望的稳定性。 其测量受感兴趣的参数影响的钻探传感器测量优选设置在稳定部分中。 在一个实施例中，稳定系统包括至少两个轴向隔开的稳定器。 每个这样的稳定​​器包括多个独立可调的构件，其从钻井组件径向延伸以在井筒内部施加力。 控制电路处理来自传感器的信号，并且响应于此使得功率单元独立地调节由可调节构件施加的力，以将感兴趣的参数保持在预定值以下。 钻井测量传感器在稳定系统被激活时进行测量，这可能是在钻井期间或在从井筒取回钻井组件期间进行的。 在替代实施例中，稳定系统仅包括可以包含多个可独立调节的构件的一个稳定器。

公开(公告)号：US6163151A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US150137

申请日：1998-09-09

申请人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  David M. Schneider

发明人： Macmillan M. Wisler ,  David M. Schneider

IPC分类号： G01R33/44 ,  G01V3/32 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01N24/081 ,  G01V3/32

摘要： An NMR logging tool has a conducting permanent magnet with its axis parallel to the borehole axis to produce a static field in a portion of the formation surrounding a borehole that is parallel to the borehole axis. A dipole RF antenna with the dipole axis orthogonal to the borehole axis is used to produce an RF magnetic field orthogonal to the static field. The same antenna is used to receive the echo signals from excited nuclei in the formation. A number of gapped ferrite strips on the permanent magnet shield the permanent magnet from the RF field and enhance the RF field. Another form of the tool may be used for making Measurement-While-Drilling measurements with the permanent magnet set in a recess on a drilling collar.

摘要翻译： NMR测井工具具有导电永磁体，其轴线平行于钻孔轴线，以在围绕钻孔轴线的钻孔周围的地层的一部分中产生静电场。 使用具有与钻孔轴正交的偶极轴的偶极RF天线来产生与静态场正交的RF磁场。 使用相同的天线来接收地层中激发的核的回波信号。 永磁体上的多个带隙的铁氧体磁条从RF场屏蔽永磁体并增强RF场。 该工具的另一种形式可用于进行钻孔测量，永久磁铁设置在钻铤上的凹槽中。

公开(公告)号：US5574374A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-12

申请号：US214343

申请日：1994-03-14

申请人： Larry W. Thompson ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

发明人： Larry W. Thompson ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

IPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30 ,  G01V3/08 ,  G01V1/02

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30

摘要： The present invention is directed to a measurement-while-drilling logging tool which includes a minimum number of analog electrical and electronic components, and which instead utilizes digitally-controlled electronic and electrical components to obtain an accuracy which is not possible utilizing prior art measurement-while-drilling logging tools. Additionally, the present invention allows for calibration operations to be conducted before, during, and after logging operations. Preferably, the calibration operations are performed periodically or intermittently during logging operations, and recorded, to be utilized later in explaining any irregularities in the log data. This calibration operation during drilling operations is not found in prior art devices, and is rendered practical by the utilization of digitally-controlled electrical and electronic components in lieu of analog components which are traditionally utilized in logging tools. The logging tool of the present invention also allows for the periodic calculation of the undesirable magnetic field mutual coupling between particular receiving antennas. Once the value of the magnetic mutual coupling is calculated, it may be recorded for future use, or automatically subtracted from particular measurements, greatly enhancing the accuracy of logging operations. Finally, the measurement-while-drilling logging tool of the present invention can perform for the first time accurate borehole calipering operations, due in large part to the great accuracy associated with the particular components selected of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种包括最少数量的模拟电气和电子部件的钻井测量测井工具，并且其代替地利用数字控制的电子和电气部件来获得不可能利用现有技术测量的精度， 钻井测井工具。 此外，本发明允许在测井操作之前，期间和之后进行校准操作。 优选地，在测井操作期间周期性地或间歇地执行校准操作，并记录下来，以用于解释日志数据中的任何不规则性。 在现有技术的装置中没有发现在钻井操作期间的这种校准操作，并且通过使用数字控制的电气和电子部件代替传统上用于测井工具中的模拟部件来实现。 本发明的测井工具还允许周期性地计算特定接收天线之间的不期望的磁场互耦合。 一旦计算了磁互耦的值，就可以将其记录下来，或者从特定的测量中自动减去，大大提高了测井操作的准确性。 最后，本发明的测井同步测井工具可以首次执行准确的钻孔测径操作，这在很大程度上取决于与本发明优选实施例所选择的特定部件相关联的高精度。

公开(公告)号：US5230386A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US715417

申请日：1991-06-14

申请人： Jian-gun Wu ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

发明人： Jian-gun Wu ,  Macmillan M. Wisler

IPC分类号： E21B7/04 ,  E21B7/06 ,  E21B47/022 ,  G01V3/30

CPC分类号： E21B7/06 ,  E21B47/022 ,  E21B7/046 ,  G01V3/30

摘要： A method for detecting and sensing boundaries between strata in a formation during directional drilling so that the drilling operation can be adjusted to maintain the drillstring within a selected stratum is presented. The method comprises the initial drilling of an offset well from which resistivity of the formation with depth is determined. This resistivity information is then modeled to provide a modeled log indicative of the response of a resistivity tool within a selected stratum in a substantially horizontal direction. A directional (e.g., horizontal) well is thereafter drilled wherein resistivity is logged in real time and compared to that of the modeled horizontal resistivity to determine the location of the drill string and thereby the borehole in the substantially horizontal stratum. From this, the direction of drilling can be corrected or adjusted so that the borehole is maintained within the desired stratum.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于在定向钻井期间检测和感测地层中的层之间的边界的方法，以便可以调整钻孔操作以将钻柱维持在选定层内。 该方法包括初始钻孔，确定具有深度的地层电阻率的偏移井。 然后对该电阻率信息进行建模以提供指示在基本上水平方向上的选定层内的电阻率工具的响应的建模对数。 此后钻出方向（例如，水平）井，其中电阻率实时记录并与建模的水平电阻率进行比较，以确定钻柱的位置，从而确定基本水平的地层中的钻孔。 由此，可以校正或调节钻孔的方向，使得钻孔保持在期望的层内。