公开(公告)号：US08144325B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-27

申请号：US12508038

申请日：2009-07-23

申请人： Mark D. Ray ,  Michael P. Nesnidal

发明人： Mark D. Ray ,  Michael P. Nesnidal

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G01J4/00

CPC分类号： B64D15/20

摘要： An airborne multiple field-of-view water droplet sensor includes an illumination portion and a detection portion. The illumination portion includes a first optical beam emitter configured to output a light beam. The detection portion includes a kaleidoscope configured to channel a first portion of the backscattered light towards an inner reflective surface of a circle-to-line converter, a multiple field of view subsystem having at least a first detector configured to receive light reflected by the circle-to-line converter, and a single field-of-view subsystem configured to receive a second portion of the backscattered light, the second portion not having been reflected by the circle-to-line converter. The single field-of-view subsystem may include a dual channel circular polarization detector for distinguishing between liquid water droplets and ice crystals based on information in the single field-of-view.

摘要翻译： 机载多视野水滴传感器包括照明部分和检测部分。 照明部分包括被配置为输出光束的第一光束发射器。 检测部分包括万花筒，该万花筒被配置为将反向散射光的第一部分朝着圆形到直线转换器的内部反射表面传播，多视野子系统具有至少第一检测器，该第一检测器被配置为接收由圆到线转换器反射的光 配置为接收所述反向散射光的第二部分的第一部分，所述第二部分未被所述圆形到线性转换器反射。 单个视野子系统可以包括双通道圆偏振检测器，用于基于单个视场中的信息来区分液体水滴和冰晶。

公开(公告)号：US07106424B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-12

申请号：US10386334

申请日：2003-03-11

申请人： Clinton T. Meneely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

发明人： Clinton T. Meneely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

IPC分类号： G01C3/08

CPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01C5/00

摘要： A laser-based altimeter for use on-board an aircraft comprises: a first housing including a hollow cavity and an exit aperture, and a second housing including a hollow cavity and an entrance aperture. A laser source and a plurality of first optical elements are fixedly supported in a compact configuration within the hollow cavity of the first housing. The plurality of first optical elements directs laser beams generated by the laser source from a first optical path to a second optical path which exits the first housing through the exit aperture. At least one second optical element is configured within the hollow cavity of the second housing to form a telescope with a predetermined field of view. The telescope receives at the entrance aperture reflections of the pulsed laser beams from objects within the field of view thereof and focuses the received reflections substantially to a focal point. A light detector is included for receiving and converting the focused reflections into electrical signals representative thereof. The first and second housings are fixedly secured in alignment with respect to each other to permit the second optical path of the pulsed laser beams to be adjusted within the field of view of the telescope. A mirror apparatus is the only first optical element of the plurality that is fixedly adjustable for directing the second optical path within the field of view of the telescope, the mirror apparatus being lockable in place after final adjustment. The first and second housings may be part of a common housing.

摘要翻译： 用于飞机上的基于激光的高度计包括：包括中空腔和出口孔的第一壳体，以及包括中空腔和入口孔的第二壳体。 激光源和多个第一光学元件以紧凑的形式固定地支撑在第一壳体的中空腔内。 多个第一光学元件将由激光源产生的激光束从第一光路引导到通过出射孔离开第一壳体的第二光路。 至少一个第二光学元件构造在第二壳体的中空腔内以形成具有预定视场的望远镜。 望远镜在其视场内的物体的入射孔径反射中接收脉冲激光束，并将接收的反射基本上聚焦到焦点。 包括一个光检测器，用于接收并将聚焦的反射转换成代表其的电信号。 第一和第二壳体相对于彼此固定地固定，以允许脉冲激光束的第二光路在望远镜的视场内被调节。 镜子装置是多个中唯一的第一光学元件，其可固定地可调节以将第二光路引导到望远镜的视场内，镜装置可在最终调节之后被锁定就位。 第一和第二壳体可以是公共壳体的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US07095488B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

申请号：US10347908

申请日：2003-01-21

申请人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Joseph T. Pesik

发明人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Joseph T. Pesik

IPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01C1/00 ,  G01B11/26

CPC分类号： G01S7/4817 ,  G01S7/4811 ,  G01S7/483 ,  G01S7/499 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G01S17/933

摘要： A forward looking cross-track laser altimeter comprises: a first configuration of optical elements for guiding pulsed laser beams along a first optical path; a mirror element coupled to a scanner and disposed in the first optical path, the scanner operative to oscillate the mirror element to sweep the reflected laser beams back and forth across a line at a predetermined frequency; the scanner and mirror element configurable to reflect the pulsed laser beams along paths forward and downward at a predetermined angle to the flight path of the aircraft, wherein the pulsed laser beam paths are caused to be line swept across a ground track forward the aircraft; the mirror element for receiving returns of the pulsed laser beams from the terrain and objects on the terrain forward the aircraft and reflecting the returns along a second optical path to a light detector which produces a return signal in response thereto; a first circuit governed by the return signals for measuring times-of-flight of the returns and generating time-of-flight signals corresponding thereto; the scanner for generating a line sweep position signal; and a second circuit for generating for each return a data profile comprising range and line sweep position thereof based on the corresponding time-of-flight and position signals.

摘要翻译： 一种前视的跨轨道激光高度计包括：用于沿着第一光路引导脉冲激光束的光学元件的第一配置; 耦合到扫描器并设置在第一光路中的反射镜元件，扫描仪可操作以使镜子元件振荡以以预定频率跨过线扫描反射的激光束; 扫描器和镜子元件可配置成沿着沿着飞行器的飞行路径的预定角度向前和向下沿着路径反射脉冲激光束，其中使脉冲激光束路径沿着飞机前方的地面轨道扫过; 用于接收来自地形的脉冲激光束和地形上的物体的返回的反射镜元件，并且将第二光路反射回到光检测器，光检测器响应于该检测器产生返回信号; 由返回信号控制的第一电路，用于测量返回的飞行时间并产生对应于其的飞行时间信号; 用于产生行扫描位置信号的扫描器; 以及第二电路，用于基于相应的飞行时间和位置信号，为每个返回产生包括其范围和行扫描位置的数据简档。

公开(公告)号：US06985212B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-10

申请号：US10440918

申请日：2003-05-19

申请人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray

发明人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray

IPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01C1/00 ,  G01B11/26

CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S7/4811 ,  G01S7/4818 ,  G01S13/78 ,  G01S13/86 ,  G01S17/023 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/58 ,  G01S17/66 ,  G01S17/74

摘要： A method of laser scanning a perimeter zone of a target site for the detection of potential threats comprises: scanning a pulsed laser beam across the perimeter zone; receiving echoes from the pulsed laser beam during the perimeter zone scan; deriving range data corresponding to the received echoes; determining position data of the received echoes in the perimeter zone; forming a scene image of a scan of the perimeter zone based on the range and position data of the received echoes thereof; repeating the steps of scanning, receiving, deriving, determining and forming for a plurality of perimeter zone scans to form scene images of each scan of the plurality; and comparing scene images of the plurality to detect a potential threat in the perimeter zone. In addition, a method of authenticating a potential threat detected in a perimeter zone of a target site comprises: detecting the potential threat and upon detection, interrogating the potential threat for a response by a wireless transmission; declaring the potential threat unauthorized if no response is transmitted wirelessly within a predetermined time interval from the interrogation; receiving the response, if transmitted, and determining if the response comprises a proper access code; and declaring the potential threat unauthorized if the received response is determined not to comprise the proper access code.

公开(公告)号：US20080030709A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11460699

申请日：2006-07-28

申请人： Clinton T. Meneely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

发明人： Clinton T. Meneely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

IPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G02B23/00

CPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01C5/00

摘要： A laser-based altimeter for use on-board an aircraft comprises: a first housing including a hollow cavity and an exit aperture, and a second housing including a hollow cavity and an entrance aperture. A laser source and a plurality of first optical elements are fixedly supported in a compact configuration within the hollow cavity of the first housing. The plurality of first optical elements directs laser beams generated by the laser source from a first optical path to a second optical path which exits the first housing through the exit aperture. At least one second optical element is configured within the hollow cavity of the second housing to form a telescope with a predetermined field of view. The telescope receives at the entrance aperture reflections of the pulsed laser beams from objects within the field of view thereof and focuses the received reflections substantially to a focal point. A light detector is included for receiving and converting the focused reflections into electrical signals representative thereof. The first and second housings are fixedly secured in alignment with respect to each other to permit the second optical path of the pulsed laser beams to be adjusted within the field of view of the telescope. A mirror apparatus is the only first optical element of the plurality that is fixedly adjustable for directing the second optical path within the field of view of the telescope, the mirror apparatus being lockable in place after final adjustment. The first and second housings may be part of a common housing.

摘要翻译： 用于飞机上的基于激光的高度计包括：包括中空腔和出口孔的第一壳体，以及包括中空腔和入口孔的第二壳体。 激光源和多个第一光学元件以紧凑的形式固定地支撑在第一壳体的中空腔内。 多个第一光学元件将由激光源产生的激光束从第一光路引导到通过出射孔离开第一壳体的第二光路。 至少一个第二光学元件构造在第二壳体的中空腔内以形成具有预定视场的望远镜。 望远镜在其视场内的物体的入射孔径反射中接收脉冲激光束，并将接收的反射基本上聚焦到焦点。 包括一个光检测器，用于接收并将聚焦的反射转换成代表其的电信号。 第一和第二壳体相对于彼此固定地固定，以允许脉冲激光束的第二光路在望远镜的视场内被调节。 镜子装置是多个中唯一的第一光学元件，其可固定地可调节以将第二光路引导到望远镜的视场内，镜装置可在最终调节之后被锁定就位。 第一和第二壳体可以是公共壳体的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US06608677B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-19

申请号：US09659202

申请日：2000-09-13

申请人： Mark D. Ray ,  Arthur J. Sedlacek

发明人： Mark D. Ray ,  Arthur J. Sedlacek

IPC分类号： G01J344

CPC分类号： G01N21/65 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/1793

摘要： A method and apparatus for remote, stand-off, and high efficiency spectroscopic detection of biological and chemical substances. The apparatus including an optical beam transmitter which transmits a beam having an axis of transmission to a target, the beam comprising at least a laser emission. An optical detector having an optical detection path to the target is provided for gathering optical information. The optical detection path has an axis of optical detection. A beam alignment device fixes the transmitter proximal to the detector and directs the beam to the target along the optical detection path such that the axis of transmission is within the optical detection path. Optical information gathered by the optical detector is analyzed by an analyzer which is operatively connected to the detector.

摘要翻译： 一种用于远程，分离和高效率生物和化学物质光谱检测的方法和装置。 所述装置包括将具有传输轴的光束传输到目标的光束发射器，所述光束至少包括激光发射。 提供具有到目标的光学检测路径的光学检测器用于收集光学信息。 光学检测路径具有光学检测的轴。 光束对准​​装置将发射器固定在检测器附近，并将光束沿着光学检测路径引导到目标，使得透射轴在光学检测路径内。 通过可操作地连接到检测器的分析仪分析由光学检测器收集的光学信息。

公开(公告)号：US08338785B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-25

申请号：US13098050

申请日：2011-04-29

申请人： Mark D. Ray

发明人： Mark D. Ray

IPC分类号： G01J5/00

CPC分类号： B64D15/20 ,  G01S7/499 ,  G01S17/95 ,  Y02A90/19

摘要： An apparatus for detecting icing conditions on an aircraft includes a laser system configured to direct a light signal into a cloud, a lens component configured to collect echo signals from a cloud caused by the light signal directed into the cloud, a beam splitter component configured to redirect signals received and passing through the lens component into at least first and second paths and a supercooled large droplet (SLD) detector to receive the redirected signals. The SLD includes a first signal detector component configured to perform a first color measurement on the first redirected signal, and a second signal detector component configured to perform a second color measurement on the second redirected signal. The SLD detector is configured to use the first and second color measurements to determine liquid water content and droplet diameter distribution for the cloud.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测飞行器上的结冰条件的装置，包括被配置为将光信号引导到云中的激光系统，被配置为收集由引导到云中的光信号引起的云的回波信号的透镜部件， 接收并通过透镜组件的至少第一和第二路径中的重定向信号和过冷大液滴（SLD）检测器接收重定向的信号。 SLD包括被配置为对第一重定向信号执行第一颜色测量的第一信号检测器组件和被配置为对第二重定向信号执行第二颜色测量的第二信号检测器组件。 SLD检测器被配置为使用第一和第二颜色测量来确定云的液态水含量和液滴直径分布。

公开(公告)号：US20090123158A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-14

申请号：US11940011

申请日：2007-11-14

申请人： Mark D. Ray ,  James W. Swenson ,  Clinton T. Meneely

发明人： Mark D. Ray ,  James W. Swenson ,  Clinton T. Meneely

IPC分类号： H04B10/00

CPC分类号： G01S7/4972 ,  G01S7/4812 ,  G01S7/4817 ,  G01S17/42

摘要： A light detection and ranging system includes a mirror unit rotating around a scan axis. The mirror unit includes a receiving portion and a transmitting portion offset by an angle about the scan axis relative to a surface plane of the receiving portion. Respective centroids of the receiving and transmitting portions are positioned at a common point on the scan axis while the receiving and transmitting portions rotate around the scan axis. A transmitter transmits a light pulse toward the mirror unit. The transmitting portion is positioned to reflect the light pulse toward a target. A receiver is positioned to reflect the light pulse reflected from the target toward the receiver. The angle offset compensates for a change between a cone of illumination of the transmitting portion and a field-of-view of the receiving portion resulting from the rotation of the mirror unit.

摘要翻译： 光检测和测距系统包括围绕扫描轴旋转的反射镜单元。 反射镜单元包括接收部分和透射部分，其相对于接收部分的表面平面偏移围绕扫描轴线的角度。 接收和传送部分的各个重心位于扫描轴上的公共点上，同时接收和传送部分围绕扫描轴旋转。 发射器向镜单元发送光脉冲。 发射部分被定位成将光脉冲反射到目标。 接收器被定位成将从目标反射的光脉冲反射到接收器。 角度偏移补偿透镜部分的照明锥体与由反射镜单元的旋转产生的接收部分的视场之间的变化。

公开(公告)号：US07342647B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-11

申请号：US11460699

申请日：2006-07-28

申请人： Clinton T. McNeely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

发明人： Clinton T. McNeely ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Gary E. Halama

IPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G02B23/10

CPC分类号： G01C3/08 ,  G01C5/00

摘要： A laser-based altimeter for use on-board an aircraft comprises: a first housing including a hollow cavity and an exit aperture, and a second housing including a hollow cavity and an entrance aperture. A laser source and a plurality of first optical elements are fixedly supported in a compact configuration within the hollow cavity of the first housing. The plurality of first optical elements directs laser beams generated by the laser source from a first optical path to a second optical path which exits the first housing through the exit aperture. At least one second optical element is configured within the hollow cavity of the second housing to form a telescope with a predetermined field of view. The telescope receives at the entrance aperture reflections of the pulsed laser beams from objects within the field of view thereof and focuses the received reflections substantially to a focal point. A light detector is included for receiving and converting the focused reflections into electrical signals representative thereof. The first and second housings are fixedly secured in alignment with respect to each other to permit the second optical path of the pulsed laser beams to be adjusted within the field of view of the telescope. A mirror apparatus is the only first optical element of the plurality that is fixedly adjustable for directing the second optical path within the field of view of the telescope, the mirror apparatus being lockable in place after final adjustment. The first and second housings may be part of a common housing.

摘要翻译： 用于飞机上的基于激光的高度计包括：包括中空腔和出口孔的第一壳体，以及包括中空腔和入口孔的第二壳体。 激光源和多个第一光学元件以紧凑的形式固定地支撑在第一壳体的中空腔内。 多个第一光学元件将由激光源产生的激光束从第一光路引导到通过出射孔离开第一壳体的第二光路。 至少一个第二光学元件构造在第二壳体的中空腔内以形成具有预定视场的望远镜。 望远镜在其视场内的物体的入射孔径反射中接收脉冲激光束，并将接收的反射基本上聚焦到焦点。 包括一个光检测器，用于接收并将聚焦的反射转换成代表其的电信号。 第一和第二壳体相对于彼此固定地固定，以允许脉冲激光束的第二光路在望远镜的视场内被调节。 镜子装置是多个中唯一的第一光学元件，其可固定地可调节以将第二光路引导到望远镜的视场内，镜装置可在最终调节之后被锁定就位。 第一和第二壳体可以是公共壳体的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US07026600B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-11

申请号：US10789114

申请日：2004-02-26

申请人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Clinton T. Meneely

发明人： James R. Jamieson ,  Mark D. Ray ,  Clinton T. Meneely

IPC分类号： H01J40/14

CPC分类号： G06K9/4652 ,  G01N21/251 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S7/484 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01S17/89

摘要： A method of identifying an object in a laser beam illuminated scene based on material types comprises the steps of: emitting a pulsed beam of laser energy, each beam pulse comprising a plurality of different discrete wavelength emission components; illuminating a predetermined scene with the pulsed beam; receiving return laser pulses from objects within the illuminated scene, each return laser pulse comprising return components corresponding to the plurality of different discrete wavelength emission components; determining spectral reflectance values for the plurality of return components of each return laser pulse; determining a material type for each return laser pulse of the illuminated scene based on the plurality of reflectance values of the corresponding return pulse; indexing each determined material type to a position in the illuminated scene; and identifying an object in the illuminated scene based on material types and indexed positions thereof in the scene. A counterpart system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 基于材料类型识别激光束照明场景中的物体的方法包括以下步骤：发射激光能量的脉冲束，每个束脉冲包括多个不同的离散波长发射分量; 用脉冲光照射预定场景; 从所述照明场景内的物体接收返回激光脉冲，每个返回激光脉冲包括对应于所述多个不同离散波长发射部件的返回分量; 确定每个返回激光脉冲的多个返回分量的光谱反射率值; 基于对应的返回脉冲的多个反射率值确定照明场景的每个返回激光脉冲的材料类型; 将每个确定的材料类型索引到照明场景中的位置; 并且基于场景中的材料类型和索引位置来识别照明场景中的对象。 还公开了用于执行该方法的对应系统。