摘要:
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer to rotate and bear a latent image, a charging device to charge the a latent image bearer, a developing device to develop the latent image with developer including toner and use a developing voltage including an AC component, and a lubricant applicator to apply lubricant onto a surface of the latent image bearer. An amount of the lubricant applied by the lubricant applicator onto the latent image bearer per centimeter in an axial direction of the latent image bearer is equal to or greater than 0.845 mg for a running distance of 1.0 kilometer of the latent image bearer, and a difference between a largest value and a smallest value of the developing voltage is in a range of 200 V to 400 V.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a transfer member, and a power source. The image bearer includes a plurality of layers. The transfer member forms a transfer nip between the image bearer and the transfer member. The power source outputs a transfer bias to transfer a toner image from the image bearer onto a recording sheet in the transfer nip. The transfer bias alternates between a transfer-side bias that causes the toner image to move from the image bearer to the recording sheet, and an opposite-side bias different from the transfer-side bias. A duty ratio of a time period, during which the opposite-side bias is output, relative to one cycle of a waveform, is greater than 50%.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer; a developing device containing two-component developer and including a developer bearer, a development voltage source, and a toner concentration detector; a toner supply device to supply toner to the developing device; a transfer device; and a controller to keep a toner concentration in the developer in the developing device at a target toner concentration during image formation. The controller executes forced toner consumption in which the developing device supplies the toner to the latent image bearer the toner at a predetermined forced toner consumption timing, while inhibiting the toner supply device from supplying toner. When the toner concentration falls to a prescribed toner density lower than the target toner concentration, the controller completes the forced toner consumption and executes a post-consumption toner supply operation.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a transfer member, and a power source. The image bearer includes a plurality of layers. The transfer member forms a transfer nip between the image bearer and the transfer member. The power source outputs a transfer bias to transfer a toner image from the image bearer onto a recording sheet in the transfer nip. The transfer bias alternates between a transfer-side bias that causes the toner image to move from the image bearer to the recording sheet, and an opposite-side bias different from the transfer-side bias. A duty ratio of a time period, during which the opposite-side bias is output, relative to one cycle of a waveform, is greater than 50%.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a first electric charging unit having an electric discharge wire to uniformly electrify a surface of the electrostatic latent image bearer, a second electric charging unit having a second electric discharge wire to execute a pre-electric charge removal electric charging process by electrifying the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearer subsequent to a transfer process to transfer a toner image, and a first electric charge removing device to diselectrify the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearer by irradiating it with electric charge removing light subsequent to the pre-electric charge removal electric charging process. The first electric charge removing device is disposed within an electric discharge region of the second electric discharge wire on a downstream side of an extreme upstream edge of the electric discharge region of the second electric discharge wire in a rotational direction of the electrostatic latent image bearer.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit that includes a developing unit with a developing roller to form an image using toner; a controller; and a detection unit that detects a plurality of toner patches formed at different densities on an image carrier by the image forming unit. The controller controls the image forming unit to form the toner patches on the image carrier so that each interval between the toner patches is equal to or greater than a length corresponding to a circumference length of the developing roller.
摘要:
In a non-volatile semiconductor memory device, variations in voltage applied to a bit line when an erase voltage applying step is repeatedly executed are suppressed, thereby reducing variations in Vt after erasure. A memory array includes memory cells arranged in an array, a plurality of word lines, and a plurality of bit lines and main bit lines. The memory array also includes a usable region which can store data and an isolation region which cannot store data. Each bit line provided in the usable region is connected via a select transistor to the corresponding main bit line. At least one main bit line is connected not only to a bit line of the usable region, but also to a bit line of the isolation region via a select transistor.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a developer carrier, a runout measurement information storage unit to store runout measurement information of the image carrier and the developer carrier, including runout amounts on the circumference of the image and developer carriers in a development area, a development gap measurement information storage unit to store information obtained by measuring a development gap when runout measurement points of the image and developer carriers face each other, and a development electric field strength control unit to obtain each development electric field strength based on the runout measurement information and the development gap measurement information, and determine control contents of development electric field strength control to cause the entire development electric field strengths to fall within an acceptable range of a target electric field strength to perform the control contents.
摘要:
A memory cell array is logically divided into a plurality of regions having different reading speeds, the respective regions having the different reading speeds include region information storage regions for storing region information in which at least two addresses present in the memory cell at the same time are set to be different regions, a reading control circuit is constituted to carry out a reading operation by determining any of the divided regions which is to be read, selecting an optimum reading method and controlling the reading circuit based on the region information stored in the region information storage region, and an address which can be read in a short time in multivalued information stored in one memory cell is set to be a high speed reading region and is distinguished from regions having the other reading speeds. Consequently, it is possible to efficiently write and read information of 2 bits or more in one memory cell array without reducing a using efficiency of the memory cell array.
摘要:
A memory cell array is logically divided into a plurality of regions having different reading speeds, the respective regions having the different reading speeds include region information storage regions for storing region information in which at least two addresses present in the memory cell at the same time are set to be different regions, a reading control circuit is constituted to carry out a reading operation by determining any of the divided regions which is to be read, selecting an optimum reading method and controlling the reading circuit based on the region information stored in the region information storage region, and an address which can be read in a short time in multivalued information stored in one memory cell is set to be a high speed reading region and is distinguished from regions having the other reading speeds. Consequently, it is possible to efficiently write and read information of 2 bits or more in one memory cell array without reducing a using efficiency of the memory cell array.