公开(公告)号：US08515227B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-20

申请号：US12658090

申请日：2010-02-02

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B5/20 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/7746 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2021/0378 ,  G02B6/29335 ,  G02B6/29341 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/1075

摘要： An optical microresonator is configured as an optical microbubble formed along a section of an optical microcapillary. The curvature of the outer surface of the microbubble creates an optical resonator with a geometry that encourages the circulating WGMs to remain confined in the central region of the bubble, creating a high Q optical resonator. The resonator may be tuned by modifying the physical properties of the microbubble, allowing the resonator to be used as an optical filter. The resonator may also be used as a sensor or laser by introducing the material to be sensed (or the active laser material) into the microcapillary along which the microbubble is formed.

摘要翻译： 光学微谐振器被配置为沿着光学微毛细管的一部分形成的光学微泡。 微泡的外表面的曲率产生了具有几何形状的光学谐振器，其鼓励循环WGM保持在气泡的中心区域中，产生高Q光学谐振器。 可以通过修改微泡的物理特性来调谐谐振器，从而允许谐振器用作滤光器。 通过将待感测材料（或活性激光材料）引入到形成微泡的微毛细管中，谐振器也可以用作传感器或激光器。

公开(公告)号：US08488925B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-16

申请号：US13570530

申请日：2012-08-09

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B6/305

摘要： An optical fiber coupler is formed of a section of optical fiber that is positioned between a conventional input fiber (for example, a single mode fiber) or waveguide and a coiled optical fiber device. The adiabatic coupler is coiled (or, at least, curved) to assist in transforming a conventional fundamental mode optical signal propagating along the longitudinal axis of the input fiber to an optical signal that is shifted into a peripheral region of the coiled optical fiber. Moreover, the pitch of an inventive coiled optical fiber coupler can be controlled to assist in the adiabatic transformation process.

摘要翻译： 光纤耦合器由位于常规输入光纤（例如，单模光纤）或波导与卷绕光纤装置之间的光纤部分形成。 绝热耦合器被卷绕（或至少是弯曲的）以帮助将沿着输入光纤的纵向轴线传播的常规基模模式的光信号转换成偏移到卷绕的光纤的周边区域的光信号。 此外，可以控制本发明的卷绕的光纤耦合器的间距以辅助绝热转换过程。

公开(公告)号：US08353061B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-08

申请号：US12387642

申请日：2009-05-04

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G01Q60/22

CPC分类号： G01Q60/22

摘要： To date, the probes of scanning near-field optical microscopes were aimed at creating electromagnetic field characteristics that are maximally localized near a nano-sized point (miniature apertures and tips, fluorescent nano-particles and molecules, dielectric and metal corners). Alternatively, the probe field, which is distributed within a larger area, can ensure the super-resolution as well. For this purpose, the field spectrum should be enriched with high spatial frequencies corresponding to small sample dimensions. As examples of such near-field probes, we propose and theoretically study the models of optical fibers with end-faces containing sharp linear edges and randomly distributed nanoparticles. These probes are more robust than the conventional probes and their fabrication is not concerned with nanoscale precision. The probes enable waveguiding of light to and from the sample with marginal losses distributing and utilizing the incident light more completely. Numerical modeling shows that, even with substantial measurement noise, the suggested probes can resolve objects that are significantly smaller than the probe size and, in certain cases, can perform better than miniature nanoprobes.

公开(公告)号：US20100316070A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-16

申请号：US12080400

申请日：2008-04-02

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： H01S3/30 ,  H01S3/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 ,  G02B6/02095 ,  G02B6/14 ,  H01S3/06745 ,  H01S3/094007

摘要： Utilization efficiency of cladding pump light in a cladding pumped optical device is improved by converting higher order modes travelling in the cladding to lower order modes that enter the core region and participate more effectively in the energy exchange process. The mode conversion is achieved by asymmetric perturbations in the optical fiber. The perturbations are preferably produced by making the optical fiber in the gain section of the device cylindrically asymmetric. The asymmetric perturbations can be chosen so that they have negligible effect on the lower mode signal light in the core of the optical fiber.

摘要翻译： 通过将包层中行进的高阶模式转换为进入核心区域的较低阶模式并更有效地参与能量交换过程，改善了包层泵浦光学器件中包层泵浦光的利用效率。 模式转换通过光纤中的不对称扰动来实现。 扰动优选地通过使光纤在器件的增益部分中圆柱形不对称地产生。 可以选择不对称扰动，使得它们对光纤芯中的较低模式信号光具有可忽略的影响。

公开(公告)号：US20100209061A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-19

申请号：US12587767

申请日：2009-10-13

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/028

CPC分类号： G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/2861

摘要： An optical delay line is formed from a coil of optical fiber (in many cases microfiber), where the radius of the optical fiber is greater than the wavelength λ of the propagating signal and the radius R of the coil is selected, in consideration with the optical fiber radius, to limit propagation loss by minimizing coupling between adjacent turns of the coil. The difference in dimension between the fiber diameter and wavelength prevents the mode propagating along one turn from coupling into an adjacent turn. It has been discovered that the modal intensity at the interface between the central rod and the coil will be minimized when the radius of the fiber satisfies the following condition: r >> ( R β 2 ) 1 / 3 , where β=(2πn)/λ, and n is the refractive index of the fiber.

摘要翻译： 考虑到光延迟线由光纤线圈（在许多情况下是超细纤维）形成，其中光纤的半径大于传播信号的波长λ并且选择线圈的半径R， 光纤半径，以通过使线圈的相邻匝之间的耦合最小来限制传播损耗。 纤维直径和波长之间的尺寸差异阻止了模式沿着一圈转移到相邻的转弯中。 已经发现，当光纤的半径满足以下条件时，中心棒和线圈之间的界面处的模态强度将被最小化：r >>（R＆bgr; 2）1/3，其中＆bgr = 2＆pgr; n）/λ，n是纤维的折射率。

公开(公告)号：US20090276923A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-05

申请号：US12387642

申请日：2009-05-04

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G12B21/06

CPC分类号： G01Q60/22

摘要： To date, the probes of scanning near-field optical microscopes were aimed at creating electromagnetic field characteristics that are maximally localized near a nano-sized point (miniature apertures and tips, fluorescent nano-particles and molecules, dielectric and metal corners). Alternatively, the probe field, which is distributed within a larger area, can ensure the super-resolution as well. For this purpose, the field spectrum should be enriched with high spatial frequencies corresponding to small sample dimensions. As examples of such near-field probes, we propose and theoretically study the models of optical fibers with end-faces containing sharp linear edges and randomly distributed nanoparticles. These probes are more robust than the conventional probes and their fabrication is not concerned with nanoscale precision. The probes enable waveguiding of light to and from the sample with marginal losses distributing and utilizing the incident light more completely. Numerical modeling shows that, even with substantial measurement noise, the suggested probes can resolve objects that are significantly smaller than the probe size and, in certain cases, can perform better than miniature nanoprobes.

摘要翻译： 到目前为止，扫描近场光学显微镜的探针旨在创建最大限度地定位在纳米尺寸点附近（微型孔和尖端，荧光纳米颗粒和分子，电介质和金属角）的电磁场特性。 或者，分布在更大区域内的探针场也可以确保超分辨率。 为此，场谱应该富集与小样本维数对应的高空间频率。 作为这种近场探针的例子，我们提出并理论上研究具有包含尖锐线性边缘和随机分布的纳米颗粒的端面的光纤的模型。 这些探针比常规探针更坚固，其制造不涉及纳米级精度。 这些探头能够使光线与样品波导到边缘损耗，从而更均匀地分布和利用入射光。 数值模拟表明，即使具有实质的测量噪声，建议的探针可以解析明显小于探头尺寸的物体，并且在某些情况下，可以比微型纳米探针更好地执行。

公开(公告)号：US07266259B1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-04

申请号：US11019347

申请日：2004-12-22

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  H01S3/00 ,  C03B37/023

CPC分类号： C03B23/043 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/107 ,  G02B6/2934 ,  G02B6/29343

摘要： An optical fiber coil of sub-micron diameter is shown to exhibit self-coupling between adjacent turns so as to form a three-dimensional optical resonator of relatively low loss and high Q. As long as the pitch of the coil and propagating wavelength remain on the same order (or less than) the fiber diameter, resonance may occur. Resonances can be induced by allowing adjacent turns of the coil to touch each other. Optical devices such as resonators and interferometers may then be formed from such “microcoils” that exhibit superior characteristics to conventional planar devices. A method of forming such a microfiber using indirect laser heating is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 亚微米直径的光纤线圈显示在相邻匝之间呈现自耦合，从而形成相对低损耗和高Q值的三维光学谐振器。只要线圈的间距和传播波长保持在 同样的顺序（或小于）纤维直径，可能会发生共振。 可以通过允许线圈的相邻匝彼此接触来诱导共振。 然后可以由这样的“传统平面装置”具有优异特性的“微型线圈”来形成诸如谐振器和干涉仪之类的光学装置。 还公开了使用间接激光加热形成这种超细纤维的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07218803B1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-15

申请号：US11388302

申请日：2006-03-24

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/29341 ,  G01N21/956 ,  G01N2021/95676 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： An apparatus and method for performing surface microscopy of an optical device uses an optical fiber taper including a microsphere endpoint as a near field probe. A transmission fiber is disposed adjacent to the microsphere so as to evanescently couple an optical test signal into the microsphere. A series of extremely narrow whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonances are created within the microsphere, with an associated electromagnetic field radiating outward therefrom. The microsphere probe may then be moved over the surface of an optical device being analyzed (or the device translated underneath the microsphere), where any abnormalities in the surface (such as defects, scratches and the like) will perturb the electromagnetic field pattern and be reflected in changes in the measured output power from the microsphere.

摘要翻译： 用于执行光学装置的表面显微镜的装置和方法使用包括微球端点的光纤锥形作为近场探针。 传输光纤邻近微球设置，以便将光学测试信号消逝地耦合到微球体中。 在微球内产生一系列极窄的耳语画廊模式（WGM），其中相关的电磁场向外辐射。 然后可以将微球探针移动到被分析的光学器件的表面上（或在微球下方的器件平移），其中表面中的任何异常（例如缺陷，划痕等）将扰乱电磁场图案，并且 反映在来自微球的测量的输出功率的变化中。

公开(公告)号：US08860935B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-14

申请号：US13822925

申请日：2011-09-16

申请人： Mikhail Sumetsky

发明人： Mikhail Sumetsky

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/77

CPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G01B11/08 ,  G01M11/37 ,  G01N21/7746 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G02B6/29341

摘要： A conically tapered optical fiber with a small half-angle γ (e.g., less than 10−2) has been found able to support whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonances and can therefore be used to form a high-Q cavity. This finding has led to the ability to measure angstrom-level variations in the radius of an optical fiber by viewing the resonance spectrum at various locations where a sensor contacts an optical fiber being measured. An evaluation process is proposed where a microfiber sensor is brought into contact with a target fiber and the created WGM resonance is measured so that location radius variation can be characterized. The sensor is then removed from the target fiber and re-positioned to contact the fiber to another location to repeat the evaluation.

摘要翻译： 已经发现具有小半角γ（例如小于10-2）的锥形光纤能够支持耳语模式（WGM）谐振，因此可用于形成高Q腔。 这一发现导致了通过观察传感器接触所测量的光纤的各个位置处的共振频谱来测量光纤半径的埃级变化的能力。 提出了一种评估过程，其中微纤维传感器与目标光纤接触，并且测量所产生的WGM共振，从而可以表征位置半径变化。 然后将传感器从目标光纤中取出并重新定位成将光纤接触到另一个位置以重复评估。

公开(公告)号：US07865045B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-04

申请号：US12157214

申请日：2008-06-09

申请人： Siddharth Ramachandran ,  Mikhail Sumetsky ,  Paul S. Westbrook

发明人： Siddharth Ramachandran ,  Mikhail Sumetsky ,  Paul S. Westbrook

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/34 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/30 ,  H04B10/12

CPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/02095 ,  G02B6/14 ,  H01S3/06729

摘要： The specification describes optical devices and related methods wherein an input mode is converted by multiple LPG mode transformers to produce an output with multiple predetermined modes.

摘要翻译： 本说明书描述了光学器件和相关方法，其中输入模式由多个LPG模式变换器转换以产生具有多个预定模式的输出。