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公开(公告)号：US5337021A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US75941
申请日：1993-06-14
申请人： Seyed R. Zarabadi , Mohammed Ismail
发明人： Seyed R. Zarabadi , Mohammed Ismail
摘要： A circuit apparatus suitable for use as a basic building block of very small geometry integrated circuits (on the order of 1 micron and smaller) comprising (i) a current mirror circuit with a cascode output, comprising a first transistor and a second transistor connected in series, the first transistor coupled between a ground and the second transistor, and (ii) a single stage gain loop comprising a transresistance amplifier coupled between a control input of the second transistor and the series connection of the first and second transistors, wherein the circuit apparatus provides an output with high impedance output and with maximum swing capability.
摘要翻译： 一种适合用作非常小几何集成电路（大约1微米或更小）的基本构建块的电路装置，包括：（i）具有共源共栅输出的电流镜像电路，包括第一晶体管和连接在其中的第二晶体管 串联，耦合在地和第二晶体管之间的第一晶体管，以及（ii）单级增益环，包括耦合在第二晶体管的控制输入端和第一和第二晶体管的串联连接之间的跨阻放大器，其中电路 设备提供具有高阻抗输出和最大摆幅能力的输出。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5714906A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-03
申请号：US514910
申请日：1995-08-14
申请人： Ali Motamed , Chang Ku Hwang , Mohammed Ismail
发明人： Ali Motamed , Chang Ku Hwang , Mohammed Ismail
CPC分类号： H03F3/4521 , H03F3/3023 , H03F3/3067 , H03F3/45112 , H03F3/45219 , H03F2200/162 , H03F2203/45371 , H03F2203/45388 , H03F2203/45392
摘要： A low voltage constant transconductance input stage is achieved with relatively simple design methodology. The approach uses current-mode techniques and is based upon the processing of signal currents, rather than handling the bias currents of input stages. Such an approach becomes universal and independent of the input stage transistor types (FET or bipolar) and their operating regions. Further, the arrangement considerably simplifies the design procedure of low voltage operational amplifiers. MOS and bipolar Op Amp input stages are described wherein almost constant g.sub.m is achieved which is independent of the common mode input voltage ranging from rail-to-rail.
摘要翻译： 使用相对简单的设计方法实现低电压恒定跨导输入级。 该方法使用电流模式技术，并且基于信号电流的处理，而不是处理输入级的偏置电流。 这种方法变得通用且独立于输入级晶体管类型（FET或双极型）及其工作区域。 此外，该布置大大简化了低压运算放大器的设计过程。 描述MOS和双极性运算放大器输入级，其中实现几乎恒定的gm，其独立于从轨至轨的共模输入电压。
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公开(公告)号：US5384548A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-24
申请号：US111708
申请日：1993-08-25
申请人： Satoshi Sakurai , Mohammed Ismail
发明人： Satoshi Sakurai , Mohammed Ismail
CPC分类号： H03F3/345 , H03F3/4521 , H03F3/45708 , H03F2200/162 , H03F2203/45508
摘要： The reduction of the power supply voltage of VLSI circuits to 3.3 volts results in a significant loss in input and output swing in traditional CMOS analog circuits. In order to achieve rail-to-rail operation, n-channel and p-channel MOSFETs are placed in parallel so that at least one type of transistors are operating in a high gain region throughout the entire input range. However, circuit characteristics change as transistors turn on and off. A constant transconductance bias means enables the rail-to-rail CMOS differential stage to possess a constant transconductance over the entire common mode voltage range. Significantly, the bias circuit does not require any matching between the transistors of opposite types.
摘要翻译： 将VLSI电路的电源电压降低至3.3伏，导致传统CMOS模拟电路的输入和输出摆幅明显下降。 为了实现轨到轨操作，n沟道和p沟道MOSFET并联放置，使得至少一种类型的晶体管在整个输入范围内的高增益区域中工作。 然而，晶体管导通和关断时，电路特性会发生变化。 恒定的跨导偏置装置使得轨到轨CMOS差分级能够在整个共模电压范围内具有恒定的跨导。 重要的是，偏置电路不需要相反类型的晶体管之间的任何匹配。
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公开(公告)号：US20160337323A1
公开(公告)日：2016-11-17
申请号：US15220918
申请日：2016-07-27
CPC分类号： H04L63/0428 , G06F21/6209 , G06F21/6218 , H04L9/00 , H04L9/14 , H04L9/3226 , H04L9/3242 , H04L63/0876
摘要： Encrypting information includes receiving a question/answer pair, generating a file pass phrase, encrypting the file with the file pass phrase, normalizing the answer, encrypting the file pass phrase with the normalized answer, creating a hash of the normalized answer; delivering encrypted information includes alerting the recipient of the encrypted file to be downloaded, providing the recipient with questions associated with the encrypted file, normalizing answers provided by the recipient, creating a hash of the normalized answers, comparing the hash to stored hashes associated with the encrypted file, allowing download of the encrypted file when a predetermined number of the stored hashes match the normalized hashes; and storing and triggering delivery of encrypted information to a recipient includes storing encrypted information about a recipient, determining a triggering event associated with the encrypted information, delivering to the recipient an invitation to retrieve the encrypted information upon occurrence of the triggering event.
摘要翻译： 加密信息包括接收问题/答案对，生成文件密码短语，用文件密码短语加密文件，归一化答案，用标准化答案加密文件密码短语，创建标准化答案的散列; 提供加密信息包括向接收者发出要下载的加密文件，向收件人提供与加密文件相关联的问题，对接收者提供的答案进行归一化，创建归一化答案的散列，将哈希与与 加密文件，当预定数量的所存储的散列与归一化散列匹配时允许加密文件的下载; 并且将加密信息的存储和触发传送到接收者包括存储关于接收者的加密信息，确定与加密信息相关联的触发事件，在发生触发事件时向接收者发送检索加密信息的请求。
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公开(公告)号：US5317279A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US999316
申请日：1992-12-31
申请人： Seyed R. Zarabadi , Mohammed Ismail
发明人： Seyed R. Zarabadi , Mohammed Ismail
CPC分类号： H03F1/3211 , H03F3/4569
摘要： A voltage to current converter includes three field effect transistors (FETs), the sources of which are electrically connected to define a common source node, and a feedback network. First and second voltage inputs are connected to the gates of the first and second FETs, respectively. First and second current outputs are connected to the drains of the first and second FETs, respectively. The feedback network is connected between the drain of the third FET and the common source node. The feedback network controls and extends linearity by varying the voltage between the common source node and ground in response to changes in the voltage inputs in order to maintain a constant current through the third FET. The floating common source node quickly adjusts and thereby keeps a linear relationship between the input voltages and the output currents. Thus, the feedback network can dynamically bias the converter by permitting the common source node to float with respect to ground.
摘要翻译： 电压 - 电流转换器包括三个场效应晶体管（FET），其源极电连接以定义公共源节点和反馈网络。 第一和第二电压输入分别连接到第一和第二FET的栅极。 第一和第二电流输出分别连接到第一和第二FET的漏极。 反馈网络连接在第三FET的漏极和公共源节点之间。 反馈网络通过响应于电压输入的变化改变公共源节点和地之间的电压来控制和扩展线性，以便保持通过第三FET的恒定电流。 浮动公共源节点快速调整，从而保持输入电压和输出电流之间的线性关系。 因此，反馈网络可以通过允许公共源节点相对于地面浮动来动态地偏置转换器。
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公开(公告)号：US20160119142A1
公开(公告)日：2016-04-28
申请号：US14285961
申请日：2014-05-23
IPC分类号： H04L9/32
CPC分类号： H04L63/0428 , G06F21/6209 , G06F21/6218 , H04L9/00 , H04L9/14 , H04L9/3226 , H04L9/3242 , H04L63/0876
摘要： Encrypting information includes receiving a question/answer pair, generating a file pass phrase, encrypting the file with the file pass phrase, normalizing the answer, encrypting the file pass phrase with the normalized answer, creating a hash of the normalized answer; delivering encrypted information includes alerting the recipient of the encrypted file to be downloaded, providing the recipient with questions associated with the encrypted file, normalizing answers provided by the recipient, creating a hash of the normalized answers, comparing the hash to stored hashes associated with the encrypted file, allowing download of the encrypted file when a predetermined number of the stored hashes match the normalized hashes; and storing and triggering delivery of encrypted information to a recipient includes storing encrypted information about a recipient, determining a triggering event associated with the encrypted information, delivering to the recipient an invitation to retrieve the encrypted information upon occurrence of the triggering event.
摘要翻译： 加密信息包括接收问题/答案对，生成文件密码短语，用文件密码短语加密文件，归一化答案，用标准化答案加密文件密码短语，创建标准化答案的散列; 提供加密信息包括向接收者发出要下载的加密文件，向收件人提供与加密文件相关联的问题，对接收者提供的答案进行归一化，创建归一化答案的散列，将哈希与与 加密文件，当预定数量的所存储的散列与归一化散列匹配时允许加密文件的下载; 并且将加密信息的存储和触发传送到接收者包括存储关于接收者的加密信息，确定与加密信息相关联的触发事件，在发生触发事件时向接收者发送检索加密信息的请求。
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公开(公告)号：US20090188279A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-30
申请号：US12304496
申请日：2007-06-14
CPC分类号： C10L3/10 , C10G5/06 , C10G7/02 , C10G2300/1025 , C10G2300/4012 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/0247 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2200/74 , F25J2205/02 , F25J2210/06 , F25J2235/60 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2260/20 , F25J2270/04
摘要： The present invention relates to a method of treating a hydrocarbon stream such as a natural gas stream, the method at least comprising the steps of: (a) supplying a partially condensed feed stream (10) to a first gas/liquid separator (2), the feed stream (10) having a pressure >50 bar; (b) separating the feed stream (10) in the first gas/liquid separator (2) into a first vaporous stream (20) and a first liquid stream (70); (c) expanding the first vaporous stream (20), thereby obtaining an at least partially condensed first vaporous stream (30); (d) supplying the at least partially condensed first vaporous stream (30) to a second gas/liquid separator (4); (e) separating the stream (30) as supplied in step (d) in the second gas/liquid separator (4) into a second vaporous stream (60) and a second liquid stream (40); (f) increasing the pressure of the second liquid stream (40) to a pressure of at least 50 bar, thereby obtaining a pressurized second liquid stream (50); and (g) returning the pressurized second liquid stream (50) to the first gas/liquid separator (2).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种处理烃流如天然气流的方法，所述方法至少包括以下步骤：（a）向第一气/液分离器（2）供应部分冷凝的进料流（10） ，压力> 50巴的进料流（10） （b）将第一气/液分离器（2）中的进料流（10）分离成第一蒸气流（20）和第一液流（70）; （c）膨胀第一气流（20），从而获得至少部分冷凝的第一蒸气流（30）; （d）将至少部分冷凝的第一蒸气流（30）供应到第二气/液分离器（4）; （e）将第二气/液分离器（4）中步骤（d）中提供的流（30）分离成第二蒸气流（60）和第二液流（40）; （f）将第二液体流（40）的压力增加至至少50巴的压力，从而获得加压的第二液体流（50）; 和（g）将加压的第二液体流（50）返回到第一气/液分离器（2）。
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8.发明授权System for spraying ceramic slurries onto surfaces in contact with molten metals 失效将陶瓷浆料喷涂到与熔融金属接触的表面上的系统
公开(公告)号：US5284296A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US805513
申请日：1991-12-12
CPC分类号： B05B7/1431 , C23C2/003 , C23C24/00
摘要： A system for spraying ceramic coatings on surfaces in contact with molten metals in which a constant amount of slurry made from water and ceramic powder is supplied to a pump and a hose for applying the slurry to the surface to be coated. Activation of an air valve delivers air to the hose at a sufficient pressure to spray the slurry on the surface to be coated. Deactivation of the air valve shuts off the pump.
摘要翻译： 用于在与熔融金属接触的表面上喷涂陶瓷涂层的系统，其中将一定量的由水和陶瓷粉末制成的浆料供应到泵和用于将浆料施加到待涂覆的表面上的软管。 空气阀的激活以足够的压力将空气输送到软管，以将浆料喷射在待涂覆的表面上。 空气阀的停用关闭泵。
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