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公开(公告)号：US20120168313A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-05
申请号：US12980506
申请日：2010-12-29
申请人： Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Li Zhang , Keith J. Sims , John Barber
发明人： Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Li Zhang , Keith J. Sims , John Barber
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , B01D61/50 , B01D2319/02 , C02F1/4695
摘要： An electrodeionization apparatus includes an anode compartment provided with an anode and a cathode compartment spaced from the anode compartment and provided with a cathode, wherein the anode and cathode are configured for coupling to a DC power source to effect an electric potential difference between the anode and the cathode and thereby influence transport of ionic material in liquid media and ion exchange media by the influence of the electric potential difference. The electrodeionization apparatus also includes a feed inlet receiving a feed solution, a product water outlet and a plurality of anion exchange membranes and a plurality of cation exchange membranes alternately arranged between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment. The electrodeionization apparatus also includes a plurality of spacers, wherein the spacers and the anion and cation exchange membranes are arranged to form a first diluting compartment receiving feed solution from the feed inlet, a second diluting compartment in series with the first diluting compartment and delivering product water to the product water outlet, a first concentrating compartment and a second concentrating compartment. The first and second diluting compartments are bounded by an anion exchange membrane on the side closest to the anode and by a cation exchange membrane on the side closest to the cathode. The first and second concentrating compartments are bounded by a cation exchange membrane on the side closest to the anode and by an anion exchange membrane on the side closest to the cathode.
摘要翻译： 电去离子装置包括阳极室，阳极室设置有与阳极室间隔开并具有阴极的阳极室和阴极室，其中阳极和阴极被配置为耦合到直流电源，以实现阳极和阳极间的电位差 阴极，从而通过电位差的影响影响离子物质在液体介质和离子交换介质中的转移。 电去离子装置还包括接收进料溶液，产物水出口和多个阴离子交换膜的进料入口和交替布置在阳极室和阴极室之间的多个阳离子交换膜。 电去离子装置还包括多个间隔物，其中间隔物和阴离子和阳离子交换膜被布置成形成从进料入口接收进料溶液的第一稀释室，与第一稀释室和递送产物串联的第二稀释室 水到产品出水口，第一浓缩室和第二浓缩室。 第一和第二稀释隔室由最靠近阳极的一侧的阴离子交换膜和最靠近阴极的一侧的阳离子交换膜界定。 第一和第二浓缩室由最靠近阳极的一侧的阳离子交换膜和最靠近阴极的一侧的阴离子交换膜界定。
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公开(公告)号：US20060169580A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US11291526
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
发明人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： C25B9/08
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/52 , B01D63/10 , B01J47/08 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2201/003 , C02F2201/4611
摘要： EDI apparatus for demineralizing a liquid flow is assembled in a housing having a cylindrical shape, and includes two metal electrodes, and one or more leafs, each leaf comprising a pair of selectively ion-permeable membranes arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart by spacing elements that allow liquid to flow in the interstitial space between membranes, thus forming an arrangement of dilute and concentrate cells in a desired flow configuration. Spacing elements between membranes, as well as between leaves, can be formed of inert polymer material, ion exchange beads, ion exchange fibers, a combination of two or more these elements, or a porous media incorporating one or more of such elements as an intrinsic part. An inner or central electrode and an outer or perimeter electrode establish a generally uniform and radially-oriented electrical or ionic current between the inner and the outer electrodes, across the helical flow spaces defined by the membrane/spacer windings. One or both electrodes may include a pocket, and the adjacent flow cells lie parallel to the electrode and free of shadowing and field inhomogeneity around a full circumference of the electrode. Flow paths within the helical cells are defined by barrier seals, which may form a path-lengthening maze, while unfilled cell regions may disperse or collect flow within a cell and define pressure gradients promote directional flows. Impermeable barriers between membranes further prevent the feed and concentrate flows from mixing. In various embodiments, seals along or between portions of the flow path may define a multi-stage device, may define separate feed and/or concentrate flows for different stages, and/or may direct the feed and concentrate flows along preferred directions which may be co-current, counter-current or cross-current with respect to each other within the apparatus.
摘要翻译： 用于使液体流动脱矿质的EDI装置组装在具有圆柱形形状的壳体中，并且包括两个金属电极和一个或多个叶片，每个叶片包括一对彼此平行布置的间隔开的间隔开的间隔开的选择性离子渗透膜 允许液体在膜之间的间隙空间中流动的元件，从而在期望的流动构型中形成稀释和浓缩细胞的排列。 膜之间以及叶之间的间隔元件可以由惰性聚合物材料，离子交换珠，离子交换纤维，两种或更多种这些元素的组合形成，或多种介质结合一种或多种这样的元素，如内在的 部分。 内部或中心电极和外部或周边电极在内部和外部电极之间跨越由膜/间隔件绕组限定的螺旋流动空间建立大致均匀且径向取向的电或离子电流。 一个或两个电极可以包括袋，并且相邻的流动池平行于电极并且在电极的整个周围没有阴影和场不均匀性。 螺旋细胞内的流动路径由阻挡密封件限定，其可以形成路径延长迷宫，而未填充的细胞区域可以在细胞内分散或收集流动并且限定压力梯度促进定向流动。 膜之间的不渗透屏障进一步防止了进料和浓缩物的流动。 在各种实施例中，沿着流动路径的部分或之间的密封件可以限定多级装置，可以为不同的级限定单独的进料和/或浓缩物流，和/或可以将进料和浓缩物流沿着优选的方向引导， 在设备内相互相互并流，逆流或交叉电流。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20060163056A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-27
申请号：US11291528
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
发明人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： C25C7/02
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/52 , B01D63/10 , B01J47/08 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2201/003 , C02F2201/4611
摘要： EDI apparatus for demineralizing a liquid flow is assembled in a housing having a cylindrical shape, and includes two metal electrodes, and one or more leafs, each leaf comprising a pair of selectively ion-permeable membranes arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart by spacing elements that allow liquid to flow in the interstitial space between membranes, thus forming an arrangement of dilute and concentrate cells in a desired flow configuration. Spacing elements between membranes, as well as between leaves, can be formed of inert polymer material, ion exchange beads, ion exchange fibers, a combination of two or more these elements, or a porous media incorporating one or more of such elements as an intrinsic part. An inner or central electrode and an outer or perimeter electrode establish a generally uniform and radially-oriented electrical or ionic current between the inner and the outer electrodes, across the helical flow spaces defined by the membrane/spacer windings. One or both electrodes may include a pocket, and the adjacent flow cells lie parallel to the electrode and free of shadowing and field inhomogeneity around a full circumference of the electrode. Flow paths within the helical cells are defined by barrier seals, which may form a path-lengthening maze, while unfilled cell regions may disperse or collect flow within a cell and define pressure gradients promote directional flows. Impermeable barriers between membranes further prevent the feed and concentrate flows from mixing. In various embodiments, seals along or between portions of the flow path may define a multi-stage device, may define separate feed and/or concentrate flows for different stages, and/or may direct the feed and concentrate flows along preferred directions which may be co-current, counter-current or cross-current with respect to each other within the apparatus.
摘要翻译： 用于使液体流动脱矿质的EDI装置组装在具有圆柱形形状的壳体中，并且包括两个金属电极和一个或多个叶片，每个叶片包括一对彼此平行布置的间隔开的间隔开的间隔开的选择性离子渗透膜 允许液体在膜之间的间隙空间中流动的元件，从而在期望的流动构型中形成稀释和浓缩细胞的排列。 膜之间以及叶之间的间隔元件可以由惰性聚合物材料，离子交换珠，离子交换纤维，两种或更多种这些元素的组合形成，或多种介质结合一种或多种这样的元素，如内在的 部分。 内部或中心电极和外部或周边电极在内部和外部电极之间跨越由膜/间隔件绕组限定的螺旋流动空间建立大致均匀且径向取向的电或离子电流。 一个或两个电极可以包括袋，并且相邻的流动池平行于电极并且在电极的整个周围没有阴影和场不均匀性。 螺旋细胞内的流动路径由阻挡密封件限定，其可以形成路径延长迷宫，而未填充的细胞区域可以在细胞内分散或收集流动并且限定压力梯度促进定向流动。 膜之间的不渗透屏障进一步防止了进料和浓缩物的流动。 在各种实施例中，沿着流动路径的部分或之间的密封件可以限定多级装置，可以为不同的级限定单独的进料和/或浓缩物流，和/或可以将进料和浓缩物流沿着优选的方向引导， 在设备内相互相互并流，逆流或交叉电流。
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公开(公告)号：US07591933B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-22
申请号：US11291526
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , William W. Carson , Russell J. MacDonald , Li Zhang
发明人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , William W. Carson , Russell J. MacDonald , Li Zhang
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/52 , B01D63/10 , B01J47/08 , C02F2001/46152 , C02F2201/003 , C02F2201/4611
摘要： Some embodiments of the invention relate to an electrodeionization device that includes comprising a generally cylindrical housing. The cylindrical housing includes a cylindrical inner core and an inner electrode that extends around the inner core. The cylindrical housing includes a leaf arranged as a spiral winding about the inner electrode and an outer electrode that extends about the spiral winding. Active treatment cells are defined by spaces within the spiral winding and by interleaf spaces thereof. One or more sealing bands extend between membranes of the spiral winding to define fluid flow.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一些实施例涉及一种电去离子装置，其包括大致圆柱形的壳体。 圆柱形壳体包括圆柱形内芯和围绕内芯延伸的内部电极。 圆柱形壳体包括围绕内部电极布置成螺旋形绕组的叶片和围绕螺旋绕组延伸的外部电极。 主动治疗细胞由螺旋形绕组内的空间及其间隙空间限定。 一个或多个密封带在螺旋绕组的膜之间延伸以限定流体流动。
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公开(公告)号：US08524062B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US12980506
申请日：2010-12-29
申请人： Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Li Zhang , Keith J. Sims , John Barber
发明人： Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Li Zhang , Keith J. Sims , John Barber
IPC分类号： B01D61/48
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , B01D61/50 , B01D2319/02 , C02F1/4695
摘要： An electrodeionization apparatus includes an anode compartment provided with an anode and a cathode compartment spaced from the anode compartment and provided with a cathode, wherein the anode and cathode are configured for coupling to a DC power source to effect an electric potential difference between the anode and the cathode and thereby influence transport of ionic material in liquid media and ion exchange media by the influence of the electric potential difference. The electrodeionization apparatus also includes a feed inlet receiving a feed solution, a product water outlet and a plurality of anion exchange membranes and a plurality of cation exchange membranes alternately arranged between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment. The electrodeionization apparatus also includes a plurality of spacers, wherein the spacers and the anion and cation exchange membranes are arranged to form a first diluting compartment receiving feed solution from the feed inlet, a second diluting compartment in series with the first diluting compartment and delivering product water to the product water outlet, a first concentrating compartment and a second concentrating compartment. The first and second diluting compartments are bounded by an anion exchange membrane on the side closest to the anode and by a cation exchange membrane on the side closest to the cathode. The first and second concentrating compartments are bounded by a cation exchange membrane on the side closest to the anode and by an anion exchange membrane on the side closest to the cathode.
摘要翻译： 电去离子装置包括阳极室，阳极室设置有与阳极室间隔开并具有阴极的阳极室和阴极室，其中阳极和阴极被配置为耦合到直流电源，以实现阳极和阳极间的电位差 阴极，从而通过电位差的影响影响离子物质在液体介质和离子交换介质中的转移。 电去离子装置还包括接收进料溶液，产物水出口和多个阴离子交换膜的进料入口和交替布置在阳极室和阴极室之间的多个阳离子交换膜。 电去离子装置还包括多个间隔物，其中间隔物和阴离子和阳离子交换膜被布置成形成从进料入口接收进料溶液的第一稀释室，与第一稀释室和递送产物串联的第二稀释室 水到产品出水口，第一浓缩室和第二浓缩室。 第一和第二稀释隔室由最靠近阳极的一侧的阴离子交换膜和最靠近阴极的一侧的阳离子交换膜界定。 第一和第二浓缩室由最靠近阳极的一侧的阳离子交换膜和最靠近阴极的一侧的阴离子交换膜界定。
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公开(公告)号：US07794577B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US10495394
申请日：2002-11-16
申请人： William W. Carson , Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , R. Hilda Zanapalidou , Bernard R. Mack , Richard G. Parent
发明人： William W. Carson , Oleg Grebenyuk , Vladimir Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , R. Hilda Zanapalidou , Bernard R. Mack , Richard G. Parent
CPC分类号： B01D69/06 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D2313/08 , B01D2325/06 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/469 , C02F2201/46115
摘要： A spacer element (1) is disclosed having an integral screen for use in filled cell electrodialysis. The spacer (1) has a continuous portion (2) impermeable to flow and a screen (3) which spans a centrally-located flow treatment region that contains active treatment material, such as ion exchange beads. The screen (3) may perform a structural function, allowing operation at elevated pressure, and may also define a minimum gap between adjacent membranes and enhance mixing along the flow path and at cell boundaries. The spacer element (1) may be configured to enhance hydraulic filling of the cells, and cell architecture is readily implemented in a wide range of useful flow path geometries utilizing the screen spacer element (1).
摘要翻译： 公开了一种间隔元件（1），其具有用于填充电池电渗析的整体屏幕。 隔离物（1）具有不可渗透的连续部分（2）和跨过包含活性处理材料（例如离子交换珠）的位于中心的流动处理区域的筛网（3）。 屏幕（3）可以执行结构功能，允许在升高的压力下操作，并且还可以限定相邻膜之间的最小间隙并且增强沿着流动路径和在单元边界处的混合。 间隔元件（1）可以被配置为增强电池的液压填充，并且使用屏幕间隔元件（1），在宽范围的有用流路几何形状中容易地实现电池结构。
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公开(公告)号：US07306709B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-11
申请号：US11292319
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , William W. Carson , Russell J. MacDonald , Li Zhang
发明人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith J. Sims , William W. Carson , Russell J. MacDonald , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： B01D61/48
CPC分类号： B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/52 , B01D63/10 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/4695 , C02F2201/003
摘要： EDI apparatus for demineralizing a liquid flow is assembled in a housing having a cylindrical shape, and includes two metal electrodes, and one or more leafs, each leaf comprising a pair of selectively ion-permeable membranes arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart by spacing elements that allow liquid to flow in the interstitial space between membranes, thus forming an arrangement of dilute and concentrate cells in a desired flow configuration. Spacing elements between membranes, as well as between leaves, can be formed of inert polymer material, ion exchange beads, ion exchange fibers, a combination of two or more these elements, or a porous media incorporating one or more of such elements as an intrinsic part. An inner or central electrode and an outer or perimeter electrode establish a generally uniform and radially-oriented electrical or ionic current between the inner and the outer electrodes, across the helical flow spaces defined by the membrane/spacer windings. One or both electrodes may include a pocket, and the adjacent flow cells lie parallel to the electrode and free of shadowing and field inhomogeneity around a full circumference of the electrode. Flow paths within the helical cells are defined by barrier seals, which may form a path-lengthening maze, while unfilled cell regions may disperse or collect flow within a cell and define pressure gradients promote directional flows. Impermeable barriers between membranes further prevent the feed and concentrate flows from mixing. In various embodiments, seals along or between portions of the flow path may define a multi-stage device, may define separate feed and/or concentrate flows for different stages, and/or may direct the feed and concentrate flows along preferred directions which may be co-current, counter-current or cross-current with respect to each other within the apparatus.
摘要翻译： 用于使液体流动脱矿质的EDI装置组装在具有圆柱形形状的壳体中，并且包括两个金属电极和一个或多个叶片，每个叶片包括一对彼此平行布置的间隔开的间隔开的间隔开的选择性离子渗透膜 允许液体在膜之间的间隙空间中流动的元件，从而在期望的流动配置中形成稀释和浓缩细胞的排列。 膜之间以及叶之间的间隔元件可以由惰性聚合物材料，离子交换珠，离子交换纤维，两种或更多种这些元素的组合形成，或多种介质结合一种或多种这样的元素，如内在的 部分。 内部或中心电极和外部或周边电极在内部和外部电极之间跨越由膜/间隔件绕组限定的螺旋流动空间建立大致均匀且径向取向的电或离子电流。 一个或两个电极可以包括袋，并且相邻的流动池平行于电极并且在电极的整个周围没有阴影和场不均匀性。 螺旋细胞内的流动路径由阻挡密封件限定，其可以形成路径延长迷宫，而未填充的细胞区域可以在细胞内分散或收集流动并且限定压力梯度促进定向流动。 膜之间的不渗透屏障进一步防止了进料和浓缩物的流动。 在各种实施例中，沿着流动路径的部分或之间的密封件可以限定多级装置，可以为不同的级限定单独的进料和/或浓缩物流，和/或可以将进料和浓缩物流沿着优选的方向引导， 在设备内相互相互并流，逆流或交叉电流。
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公开(公告)号：US07662267B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-16
申请号：US10343269
申请日：2001-08-10
申请人： William W. Carson , Keith J. Sims , Oleg Grebenyuk , Thomas J. Susa , Hilda R. Zanapalidou , Wayne A. McRae , Russell J. MacDonald
发明人： William W. Carson , Keith J. Sims , Oleg Grebenyuk , Thomas J. Susa , Hilda R. Zanapalidou , Wayne A. McRae , Russell J. MacDonald
IPC分类号： B01D61/42
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/50 , B01D61/52 , B01D61/54 , B01D63/082 , B01D63/10 , B01D69/00 , C02F1/42 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/4693 , C02F2103/04 , C02F2103/08 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2201/46125 , C02F2301/024 , C02F2301/026 , Y02A20/131 , Y02A20/134
摘要： An improved apparatus and operating method related thereto for deionizing water to produce substantially pure water using electric field and ion exchange materials are disclosed, including embodiments incorporating one or more of the novel features of brine and electrode streams flowing in a direction counter-current to the stream being deionized, a filling of the brine stream with stratified ion exchange materials, a stream mixing feature for mixing the stream being deionized, a gas removal feature for removal of gases, a spiral-wound embodiment of an electrodialysis device according to the invention, and a method for determining the preferred operating current for electrodialysis systems according to this invention.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种与其相关的改进的设备和操作方法，其用于使用电场和离子交换材料去离子水以产生基本上纯的水，包括结合一个或多个盐酸盐和电极流的新特征的实施方案， 流分离，用分层离子交换材料填充盐水流，用于混合去离子水的流混合特征，用于除去气体的气体去除特征，根据本发明的电渗析装置的螺旋缠绕实施方案， 以及用于确定根据本发明的电渗析系统的优选操作电流的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20070051684A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-08
申请号：US10527766
申请日：2003-09-12
CPC分类号： C02F1/4695 , B01D61/48 , B01D2313/30 , B01J47/08 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2303/16
摘要： An electrodeionization, (EDI) apparatus has flow cells with a sparse distribution of ion exchange (IX) material or beads. The beads extend between membranes defining opposed walls of the cell to separate and support the membranes, and form a layer substantially free of bead-to-bead dead-end reverse junctions. The beads enhance capture of ions from surrounding fluid in dilute cells, and do not throw salt when operating current is increased. In concentrating cells, the sparse bead filling provides a stable low impedance bridge to enhanced power utilization in the stack. A monotype sparse filling may be used in concentrate cells, while mixed, layered, striped, graded or other beads may be employed in dilute cells. Ion conduction paths are no more than a few grains long and the lower packing density permits effective fluid flow. A flow cell thickness may be below one millimeter, and the beads may be discretely spaced, form a mixed or patterned monolayer, or form an ordered bilayer, and a mesh having a lattice spacing comparable to or of the same order of magnitude as resin grain size, may provide a distributed open support that assures a stable distribution of the sparse filling, and over time maintains the initial balance of uniform conductivity and good through-flow. The cells or low thickness and this resin layers relax stack size and power supply constraints, while providing treatment efficiencies and process stability. Reduced ion migration distances enhance the ion removal rate without reducing the product flow rate. The sparse resin bed may be layered, graded along the length of the path, striped or otherwise patterned. Inter-grain ion hopping is reduced or eliminated, thus avoiding the occurrence of salt-throwing which occurs at reverse bead junctions of prior art constructions. Conductivity of concentrate cells is increased, permitting more compact device construction, allowing increases in stack cell number, and providing more efficient electrical operation without ion additions. Finally, ion storage within beads is greatly reduces, eliminating the potential for contamination during reversal operation. Various methods of forming sparse beds and assembling the stacks are disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US20060169581A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US11292319
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
发明人： Vladimir Grebenyuk , Oleg Grebenyuk , Keith Sims , William Carson , Russell MacDonald , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： C25B9/08
CPC分类号： B01D61/46 , B01D61/48 , B01D61/52 , B01D63/10 , B01J47/08 , C02F1/4695 , C02F2201/003
摘要： EDI apparatus for demineralizing a liquid flow is assembled in a housing having a cylindrical shape, and includes two metal electrodes, and one or more leafs, each leaf comprising a pair of selectively ion-permeable membranes arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart by spacing elements that allow liquid to flow in the interstitial space between membranes, thus forming an arrangement of dilute and concentrate cells in a desired flow configuration. Spacing elements between membranes, as well as between leaves, can be formed of inert polymer material, ion exchange beads, ion exchange fibers, a combination of two or more these elements, or a porous media incorporating one or more of such elements as an intrinsic part. An inner or central electrode and an outer or perimeter electrode establish a generally uniform and radially-oriented electrical or ionic current between the inner and the outer electrodes, across the helical flow spaces defined by the membrane/spacer windings. One or both electrodes may include a pocket, and the adjacent flow cells lie parallel to the electrode and free of shadowing and field inhomogeneity around a full circumference of the electrode. Flow paths within the helical cells are defined by barrier seals, which may form a path-lengthening maze, while unfilled cell regions may disperse or collect flow within a cell and define pressure gradients promote directional flows. Impermeable barriers between membranes further prevent the feed and concentrate flows from mixing. In various embodiments, seals along or between portions of the flow path may define a multi-stage device, may define separate feed and/or concentrate flows for different stages, and/or may direct the feed and concentrate flows along preferred directions which may be co-current, counter-current or cross-current with respect to each other within the apparatus.
摘要翻译： 用于使液体流动脱矿质的EDI装置组装在具有圆柱形形状的壳体中，并且包括两个金属电极和一个或多个叶片，每个叶片包括一对彼此平行布置的间隔开的间隔开的间隔开的选择性离子渗透膜 允许液体在膜之间的间隙空间中流动的元件，从而在期望的流动构型中形成稀释和浓缩细胞的排列。 膜之间以及叶之间的间隔元件可以由惰性聚合物材料，离子交换珠，离子交换纤维，两种或更多种这些元素的组合形成，或多种介质结合一种或多种这样的元素，如内在的 部分。 内部或中心电极和外部或周边电极在内部和外部电极之间跨越由膜/间隔件绕组限定的螺旋流动空间建立大致均匀且径向取向的电或离子电流。 一个或两个电极可以包括袋，并且相邻的流动池平行于电极并且在电极的整个周围没有阴影和场不均匀性。 螺旋细胞内的流动路径由阻挡密封件限定，其可以形成路径延长迷宫，而未填充的细胞区域可以在细胞内分散或收集流动并且限定压力梯度促进定向流动。 膜之间的不渗透屏障进一步防止了进料和浓缩物的流动。 在各种实施例中，沿着流动路径的部分或之间的密封件可以限定多级装置，可以为不同的级限定单独的进料和/或浓缩物流，和/或可以将进料和浓缩物流沿着优选的方向引导， 在设备内相互相互并流，逆流或交叉电流。
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