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    Systems and methods for chiroptical heterodyning
    1.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for chiroptical heterodyning 失效
    手性外差的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07405826B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-29

    申请号：US11168295

    申请日：2005-06-29

    Applicant: Phillip R. Gibbs ,  Jason D. Beebe

    Inventor： Phillip R. Gibbs ,  Jason D. Beebe

    IPC: G01N21/00 ,  G01J4/00

    CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01N21/1717 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N2021/218

    Abstract: An apparatus and method for improved detection of a chiral property of a sample begins with a probe beam of light having a first modulation frequency ω and is further modulated with a second modulation frequency φ. A non-linear photo-detector, which may include multiple detector portions to form a balanced receiver, mixes the first modulation with the second modulation to analyze frequency components at inter-modulated sidebands, where the level of the inter-modulated sidebands are related to the chiroptical property of the sample. The inter-modulated sidebands may be the additive sidebands or the subtractive sidebands. A lock-in detector can be used to receive a signal output from the non-linear photo-detector and generate the modulation signals at the different modulating frequencies. Furthermore, the non-linear photo-detector may analyze a ratio of the inter-modulated sideband levels, such as (φ+2ω)/(φ+ω), to yield a signal that is linearly related to the chiral property of the sample.

    Abstract translation: 用于改进样品手性性质检测的装置和方法以具有第一调制频率ω的探测光束开始，并且用第二调制频率phi进一步调制。 可以包括多个检测器部分以形成平衡接收器的非线性光检测器将第一调制与第二调制混合，以分析调制后边带处的频率分量，其中互调侧边带的电平与 样本的手性属性。 相互调制的边带可以是加性边带或减法边带。 锁定检测器可用于接收来自非线性光电检测器的信号输出，并产生不同调制频率的调制信号。 此外，非线性光检测器可以分析诸如（phi + 2omega）/（phi +ω）之间的调制调制边带等级的比率，以产生与样品的手性特征线性相关的信号 。

    Chiral mixture detection system using double reference lock-in detector
    3.
    发明授权
    Chiral mixture detection system using double reference lock-in detector 失效
    使用双参考锁定检测器的手性混合物检测系统

    公开(公告)号：US07590196B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

    申请号：US11120723

    申请日：2005-05-03

    Applicant: Phillip R. Gibbs

    Inventor： Phillip R. Gibbs

    IPC: H04L27/06

    CPC classification number: G01N21/21 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N2021/218

    Abstract: The present invention provides a method, circuit and system for phase-sensitive detection and recovery of complex signals of interest using a double reference lock-in detector. A double reference lock-in detector may have two or more reference signal sources whose signals are first combined, producing a composite (e.g., inter-modulation) reference signal. This signal is then mixed with an input signal, yielding the desired selectivity at the frequency(ies) of interest. A second embodiment uses external reference signals, synchronizing internal references to these before combining the reference signals. Such detectors may used in chiral detection systems for recovering predetermined signals of interest associated with chiral properties of a sample being tested.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用双参考锁定检测器对感兴趣的复信号进行相敏检测和恢复的方法，电路和系统。 双参考锁定检测器可以具有两个或更多个参考信号源，其信号首先被组合，产生复合（例如，互调）参考信号。 然后将该信号与输入信号混合，在感兴趣的频率下产生所需的选择性。 第二实施例使用外部参考信号，在组合参考信号之前使内部基准信号与之同步。 这样的检测器可以用于手性检测系统中，用于恢复与所测试样品的手性性质相关的预期感兴趣的信号。

    Systems and methods for chiral detection and analysis
    4.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for chiral detection and analysis 失效
    用于手性检测和分析的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07468788B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-23

    申请号：US11471994

    申请日：2006-06-21

    Applicant: Phillip R. Gibbs ,  John Wade

    Inventor： Phillip R. Gibbs ,  John Wade

    IPC: G01N21/01 ,  G01J4/00

    CPC classification number: G01M11/04 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/46 ,  G01N21/0332 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/1717 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2021/1727

    Abstract: Relating to chiral detection systems, various improvements are disclosed including an improved apparatus for detecting a chiral property of a sample. It has a rugged and stable optical rail that operates as a heat sink to the systems' elements and comprises a captive guide structure of heat conductive material having an elevated top platform and a dove tailed lip on the sides. The elevated top platform has a substantial width in comparison to a height of the elevated top platform. The apparatus further includes a wide base portion of heat conductive material supportive of the captive guide structure. The base has a width that is at least twice the width of the elevated top platform and a substantial thickness relative to the captive guide structure. Multiple system elements can be securely mounted on the captive guide structure with some elements being in thermal contact with the elevated top platform.

    Abstract translation: 关于手性检测系统，公开了各种改进，包括用于检测样品的手性性质的改进的装置。 它具有坚固和稳定的光导轨，其作为系统元件的散热器，并且包括导热材料的捕获引导结构，其具有升高的顶部平台和在侧面上的鸽尾尾唇。 升高的顶部平台与升高的顶部平台的高度相比具有相当大的宽度。 该装置还包括支撑捕获引导结构的导热材料的宽基部。 基座的宽度至少是升高的顶部平台宽度的两倍，并且相对于捕获引导结构具有相当大的厚度。 多个系统元件可以牢固地安装在捕获引导结构上，其中一些元件与升高的顶部平台热接触。

    Method for separating a sulfur compound from carbonaceous materials
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for separating a sulfur compound from carbonaceous materials 失效
    从含碳材料中分离出硫化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5468626A

    公开(公告)日：1995-11-21

    申请号：US169433

    申请日：1993-12-17

    Applicant: Steven W. Johnson ,  Daniel J. Monticello ,  Phillip R. Gibbs ,  Charles F. Kulpa

    Inventor： Steven W. Johnson ,  Daniel J. Monticello ,  Phillip R. Gibbs ,  Charles F. Kulpa

    IPC: C10G32/00 ,  C12P11/00 ,  C12P3/00

    CPC classification number: C10G32/00 ,  Y10S435/822

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for separating a sulfur compound from a fossil fuel containing sulfur compounds comprising contacting said fossil fuel with a biosorption agent which binds said sulfur compound, thereby forming a sulfur-biosorption complex and separating said sulfur-biosorption complex. The method can further include introducing said separated sulfur biosorption complex to an aqueous phase having an effective amount of oxygen and water to form a reaction medium, optionally adding a biocatalyst which degrades the sulfur compound; incubating the medium for a sufficient period of time to produce an organic product, an inorganic sulfur and spent biocatalyst; and isolating said biosorption agent and/or biocatalyst from said organic product and said inorganic sulfur. The invention also relates to the preparation of the products of the oxidation reaction of organic sulfur compounds by a biocatalyst, such as 2-hydroxybiphenyl compounds.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种从含硫化合物的化石燃料中分离硫化合物的方法，包括使所述化石燃料与结合所述硫化合物的生物吸附剂接触，由此形成硫 - 生物吸附络合物并分离所述硫 - 生物吸附络合物。 该方法可以进一步包括将所述分离的硫生物吸附复合物引入具有有效量的氧和水的水相以形成反应介质，任选地加入降解硫化合物的生物催化剂; 将培养基培养足够的时间以产生有机产物，无机硫和废生物催化剂; 以及从所述有机产物和所述无机硫分离所述生物吸附剂和/或生物催化剂。 本发明还涉及通过生物催化剂如2-羟基联苯化合物制备有机硫化合物的产物。

    Differential optical technique for chiral analysis
    9.
    发明授权
    Differential optical technique for chiral analysis 失效
    用于手性分析的差分光学技术

    公开(公告)号：US07502111B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-03-10

    申请号：US10995118

    申请日：2004-11-24

    Applicant: Phillip R. Gibbs

    Inventor： Phillip R. Gibbs

    IPC: G01J4/00

    CPC classification number: G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/19

    Abstract: A differential method has been developed which determines displacement from the midpoint of optical transmission (±45°) and utilizes the coupled nature of the two signals for common mode noise rejection to enhance the detection of chiral species. A beam of light is modulated, applied to the chiral mixture, and then split into a first beam and a related orthogonal beam by a polarizer or prism. The first beam and orthogonal beam are converted into electrical signals before a differential comparison of the signals is performed to detect a desired chiral species within the chiral mixture.

    Abstract translation: 已经开发了一种差分方法，其确定从光传输中点（±45°）的位移，并利用两个信号的耦合特性进行共模噪声抑制，以增强手性物质的检测。 光束被调制，施加到手性混合物，然后通过偏振器或棱镜分裂成第一光束和相关的正交光束。 在执行信号的差分比较以检测手性混合物中期望的手性物质之前，将第一光束和正交光束转换成电信号。

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