Smectic liquid crystal phases
    2.
    发明授权
    Smectic liquid crystal phases 失效
    近晶液相

    公开(公告)号:US5279762A

    公开(公告)日:1994-01-18

    申请号:US746371

    申请日:1991-08-16

    CPC classification number: C09K19/42 C09K19/3441 C09K19/345

    Abstract: Compounds of the formula IR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --R.sup.2 IwhereinR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl with 1-15 C atoms, and wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, --S--, --CO--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --CO--S--, --S--CO--, --CHHalogen--, --CHCN-- and/or --CH.dbd.CH--,A.sup.1 is 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or a single bond andA.sup.2 is ##STR1## in which Z is --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --S--CO--, --CO--S--, CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, with the proviso that, if A.sup.1 is a single bond, A.sup.2 is ##STR2## are suitable as components of chirally tilted smectic liquid crystal phases.

    Abstract translation: 式ⅠR1-A1-A2-R2Ⅰ化合物,其中R1和R2各自为具有1-15个C原子的烷基,其中一个或两个不相邻的CH2基团也可被-O - , - S-, -CO-,-O-CO-,-CO-O-,-CO-S-,-S-CO-,-CHHalogen-,-CHCN-和/或-CH = CH-, (*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*) *)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)其中Z为-O-CO-,-CO-O-,-S-CO-,-CO-S-,CH2O-,-OCH2-或 - (*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*)(*化学结构*) 结构*)适合作为手性倾斜近晶相晶体的组成部分。

    Method and apparatus for classifying audio signals
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for classifying audio signals 失效
    用于对音频信号进行分类的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4542525A

    公开(公告)日:1985-09-17

    申请号:US536213

    申请日:1983-09-27

    Applicant: Reinhard Hopf

    Inventor: Reinhard Hopf

    CPC classification number: G10H1/00 G10L25/00 G10L25/78 G10H2210/046

    Abstract: The null transitions of an audio frequency signal are converted by Schmitt trigger circuits, one of which has a small hysteresis range centered on the null value and the other of which has a much larger hysteresis range likewise centered on the null value, into two binary pulse sequences of variable pulse lengths. The Schmitt trigger circuits are so constituted that a positive pulse length is produced by a negative null transition of the audio signal and vice versa and, moreover, the Schmitt trigger circuits return to their quiescent state 2 milliseconds after a positive null transition of the signal, also producing a positive pulse length, in this case beginning the indication of the pause. The pauses in the two binary pulse sequences thus produced, which exceed predetermined length (60 milliseconds in both cases and, additionally, 30 milliseconds in the case of the pulses formed by the Schmitt trigger with the narrower hysteresis range) and from the three different pause detection operations logic circuits derive either a speech recognition signal, a music recognition signal or an indication of an unidentifiable signal. The logic circuit uses as criteria the number of pauses and the time span of simultaneous or alternating appearance of signal pauses derived from the two different pulse sequences.

    Abstract translation: 音频信号的空转换由施密特触发电路转换,其中一个具有以零值为中心的小滞后范围,另一个具有同样以零值为中心的大得多的滞后范围为两个二进制脉冲 可变脉冲长度序列。 施密特触发器电路构成为通过音频信号的负零转换产生正脉冲长度,反之亦然,此外,施密特触发电路在信号的正零转换之后2毫秒恢复到静止状态, 也产生正脉冲长度,在这种情况下开始暂停的指示。 由此产生的两个二进制脉冲序列中的暂停超过预定长度(在两种情况下为60毫秒,另外在由具有较窄滞后范围的施密特触发器形成的脉冲的情况下为30毫秒),并且从三个不同的暂停 检测操作逻辑电路导出语音识别信号,音乐识别信号或不可识别信号的指示。 逻辑电路用作暂停次数和从两个不同脉冲序列导出的信号暂停同时或交替出现的时间间隔的标准。

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