公开(公告)号：US6005397A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US291354

申请日：1994-08-16

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sasan Bakhtiari

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sasan Bakhtiari

IPC分类号： G01B15/02 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02 ,  G01R27/04

CPC分类号： G01B15/02 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02

摘要： The thickness of the layers of rubber covering the steel belts within a tire can be measured by transmitting a microwave signal toward the outer surface of the tire and measuring the phase shift of the signal reflected by the tire. In the preferred embodiment, a waveguide is used to direct the microwave signal toward the tire. A standing wave is created within the waveguide by interference between the transmitted microwave signal and the microwave signal reflected from the tire. A series of crystal detectors mounted along the length of the waveguide measure the standing wave. A processor calculates the phase of the reflection coefficient, and determines the thickness of the rubber layer as a predetermined function of the phase. By proper selection of the microwave frequency and the spacing between the waveguide and the tire, the rubber layer thickness can be uniquely determined as a function of phase for any range of rubber thicknesses likely to be encountered in a tire. In addition, a phase reversal (from 180.degree. to -180.degree.) can be arranged to occur at a specific rubber thickness by proper selection of these parameters. This can be used in the tire retreading process to halt buffing when a predetermined minimum rubber thickness has been reached.

摘要翻译： 覆盖轮胎内的钢带的橡胶层的厚度可以通过向轮胎的外表面传递微波信号并测量由轮胎反射的信号的相移来测量。 在优选实施例中，使用波导将微波信号引向轮胎。 通过所传输的微波信号和从轮胎反射的微波信号之间的干扰，在波导内产生驻波。 沿着波导长度安装的一系列晶体探测器测量驻波。 处理器计算反射系数的相位，并将橡胶层的厚度确定为相位的预定函数。 通过适当选择微波频率和波导与轮胎之间的间距，橡胶层的厚度可以作为相位的函数唯一确定，可以在轮胎中可能遇到的任何橡胶厚度范围。 此外，通过适当选择这些参数，可以将反相（从180°至-180°）排列成特定的橡胶厚度。 当达到预定的最小橡胶厚度时，这可以用于轮胎翻新过程中以停止抛光。

公开(公告)号：US5748003A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-05

申请号：US645761

申请日：1996-05-14

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Chin-Yung Yeh ,  Stoyan I. Ganchev ,  Christian Huber

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Chin-Yung Yeh ,  Stoyan I. Ganchev ,  Christian Huber

IPC分类号： G01B15/00 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02 ,  G01R27/04

CPC分类号： G01B15/00 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining fatigue/surface crack features on metal surfaces is disclosed wherein the cracks may be empty, filled, or covered with a dielectric (e.g., paint). The present invention includes a microwave waveguide having an aperture for scanning over a surface and thereby characterizing changes in a standing wave within the waveguide when a crack is scanned. In particular, crack related data resulting from standing wave perturbations can be analyzed for determining crack geometric features such as crack width, crack depth, crack length and crack tips. These features are determinable with high precision in comparison to the size of the aperture. When locating and/or sizing the geometric features of a crack, voltage changes induced by higher order modes generated by various orientations of the crack in relation to the aperture are utilized for generating the crack related data. Further, estimates are provided as to the accuracy of a location and/or size estimate for the crack geometric features. The present invention is particularly useful for repair of steel bridges, plains, turbines and other metallic structures subject to surface fatigue cracks.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定金属表面上的疲劳/表面裂纹特征的方法和装置，其中裂纹可以是空的，填充的或被电介质（例如涂料）覆盖。 本发明包括具有用于在表面上扫描的孔的微波波导，从而表征当扫描裂纹时波导内的驻波的变化。 特别地，可以分析由驻波扰动产生的裂纹相关数据，以确定裂纹几何特征，如裂纹宽度，裂纹深度，裂纹长度和裂纹尖端。 与孔的尺寸相比，这些特征可以高精度地确定。 当定位和/或调整裂纹的几何特征时，利用由裂纹相对于孔径的各种取向产生的高阶模态引起的电压变化来产生裂纹相关数据。 此外，关于裂纹几何特征的位置和/或尺寸估计的准确性提供了估计。 本发明特别适用于钢桥，平原，涡轮机和遭受表面疲劳裂纹的其它金属结构的修理。

公开(公告)号：US20190160770A1

公开(公告)日：2019-05-30

申请号：US16318237

申请日：2017-07-18

申请人： David JUDD ,  Frank GRAMLING ,  Reza ZOUGHI ,  Mohammad Tayeb GHASER ,  Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin ,  THE CURATORS OF THE UNIVERSTY OF MISSOURI FOR MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

发明人： DAVID JUDD ,  FRANK GRAMLING ,  REZA ZOUGHI ,  MOHAMMAD TAYEB GHASR

IPC分类号： B29D30/06 ,  B29C35/02

摘要： A method of manufacturing a tire is provided that includes curing the tire (10) in a curing press (12) and applying microwave energy at a given frequency band into the tire. The interaction between the microwave energy and the tire is monitored to obtain a complex reflection coefficient. A root-mean-squared error is calculated using the measured complex reflection coefficient and a reference reflection coefficient. The reference reflection coefficient is from a fully cured tire made from the same material as the tire. Continuous monitoring of the interaction takes place to obtain the complex reflection coefficient along with continuous calculation of the root-mean-squared error at different times during the curing of the tire in the curing press. The calculated root-mean-squared errors are used to determine whether to stop the curing of the tire in the curing press.

公开(公告)号：US09316734B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US14058395

申请日：2013-10-21

申请人： Joseph T. Case ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr ,  Reza Zoughi

发明人： Joseph T. Case ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr ,  Reza Zoughi

IPC分类号： G01S13/90 ,  G01S13/88 ,  G01V3/12 ,  G01S15/89

CPC分类号： G01S13/9035 ,  G01S13/88 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S13/888 ,  G01S13/90 ,  G01S15/8904 ,  G01V3/12

摘要： Wideband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. A probe transmits a signal through its aperture incident to an object located in a medium of interest remotely from the probe. The probe receives through the aperture a plurality of nonuniformly sampled reflected signals from the object as the probe moves in a measurement plane located a predetermined distance from the object. A processor executes a SAR-based reconstruction algorithm to generate an image.

摘要翻译： 宽带合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像。 探头通过其孔径将探测器远端的信号传输到位于感兴趣的介质中的物体。 当探头在距物体预定距离的测量平面中移动时，探头通过孔径接收来自物体的多个不均匀采样的反射信号。 处理器执行基于SAR的重建算法来生成图像。

公开(公告)号：US07190177B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-13

申请号：US10920723

申请日：2004-08-18

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ahmad Ghasr

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ahmad Ghasr

IPC分类号： G01R27/32

CPC分类号： G01N22/02

摘要： An apparatus for inspecting a sample for defects includes a signal generator for generating a signal and a device for splitting the signal into two separate signals which have substantially equal phase and magnitude. A sensor radiates the two signals on the sample and receives the two signals reflected from the sample. A device is provided for determining a difference between the two signals reflected from the sample without unwanted influence of variations of distance between the sensor and sample, and reflections from nearby sample edges and boundaries. A defect is determined to exist when a difference is found between the two reflected signals.

摘要翻译： 用于检查样本缺陷的装置包括用于产生信号的信号发生器和用于将信号分离成具有基本相等的相位和幅度的两个分离信号的装置。 传感器辐射样品上的两个信号，并接收从样品反射的两个信号。 提供了用于确定从样本反射的两个信号之间的差异的装置，而不受传感器和样本之间的距离的变化的影响，以及来自附近的采样边缘和边界的反射。 当在两个反射信号之间发现差异时，确定存在缺陷。

公开(公告)号：US5216372A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-01

申请号：US960238

申请日：1992-10-13

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sasan Bakhtiari

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sasan Bakhtiari

IPC分类号： G01B15/02 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02

CPC分类号： G01B15/02 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N22/02

摘要： The thickness of the layers of rubber covering the steel belts within a tire can be measured by transmitting a microwave signal toward the outer surface of the tire and measuring the phase shift of the signal reflected by the tire. In the preferred embodiment, a waveguide is used to direct the microwave signal toward the tire. A standing wave is created within the waveguide by interference between the transmitted microwave signal and the microwave signal reflected from the tire. A series of crystal detectors mounted along the length of the waveguide measure the standing wave. A processor calculates the phase of the reflection coefficient, and determines the thickness of the rubber layer as a predetermined function of the phase. By proper selection of the microwave frequency and the spacing between the waveguide and the tire, the rubber layer thickness can be uniquely determined as a function of phase for any range of rubber thicknesses likely to be encountered in a tire. In addition, a phase reversal (from 180.degree. to - 180.degree. ) can be arranged to occur at a specific rubber thickness by proper selection of these parameters. This can be used in the tire retreading process to halt buffing when a predetermined minimum rubber thickness has been reached.

摘要翻译： 覆盖轮胎内的钢带的橡胶层的厚度可以通过向轮胎的外表面传递微波信号并测量由轮胎反射的信号的相移来测量。 在优选实施例中，使用波导将微波信号引向轮胎。 通过所传输的微波信号和从轮胎反射的微波信号之间的干扰，在波导内产生驻波。 沿着波导长度安装的一系列晶体探测器测量驻波。 处理器计算反射系数的相位，并将橡胶层的厚度确定为相位的预定函数。 通过适当选择微波频率和波导与轮胎之间的间距，橡胶层的厚度可以作为相位的函数唯一确定，可以在轮胎中可能遇到的任何橡胶厚度范围。 此外，可以通过适当选择这些参数，将相位反转（从180°至-180°）设置为以特定橡胶厚度发生。 当达到预定的最小橡胶厚度时，这可以用于轮胎翻新过程中以停止抛光。

公开(公告)号：US08482602B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

申请号：US12618575

申请日：2009-11-13

申请人： David Johannes Pommerenke ,  Reza Zoughi ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr ,  Joseph Tobias Case ,  Andrew Dale McClanahan ,  Kyle Lee Guinn

发明人： David Johannes Pommerenke ,  Reza Zoughi ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ghasr ,  Joseph Tobias Case ,  Andrew Dale McClanahan ,  Kyle Lee Guinn

IPC分类号： H04N13/02

CPC分类号： G01B11/245 ,  H04N13/221 ,  H04N13/254

摘要： Non-destructive imaging of an object. An imaging head supported on a rotatable arm samples an electric field scattered by the object at a plurality of locations as the arm rotates about a central axis, with the locations corresponding to a defined spatial domain located remotely from the object. One or more processors execute computer-readable instructions for controlling rotation of the arm and generating a multi-dimensional profile representative of the object in the defined spatial domain based on the sampling.

摘要翻译： 物体的非破坏性成像。 支撑在可旋转臂上的成像头当臂围绕中心轴旋转时，在多个位置处对由物体散射的电场进行采样，其中位置对应于远离物体的限定的空间域。 一个或多个处理器执行用于控制臂的旋转的计算机可读指令，并且基于采样生成表示所定义的空间域中的对象的多维轮廓。

公开(公告)号：US08212573B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-03

申请号：US12354545

申请日：2009-01-15

申请人： Mohamed Ahmed AbouKhousa ,  Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy

发明人： Mohamed Ahmed AbouKhousa ,  Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy

IPC分类号： G01R27/04

CPC分类号： G01R27/28 ,  G01R27/04 ,  G01R27/32

摘要： Analyzing a device under test (“DUT”) at higher frequencies. A phase shifter varies the phase of a standing wave on a transmission line coupled to the DUT. The standing wave magnitude is sampled at each of the phase shifts and one or more DUT characteristics are determined as a function of the sampled magnitudes and phase shifts. Further aspects include a related phase shifter comprising a waveguide having a plurality of sub-resonant slots formed therein and having active elements for loading the slots to control the phase shift applied to the signal.

摘要翻译： 在较高频率下分析被测设备（“DUT”）。 移相器改变耦合到DUT的传输线上的驻波的相位。 在每个相移中对驻波幅度进行采样，并且根据采样幅度和相移确定一个或多个DUT特性。 另外的方面包括相关移相器，其包括具有形成在其中的多个子谐振槽的波导，并且具有用于加载槽的有源元件以控制施加到该信号的相移。

公开(公告)号：US07746266B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-29

申请号：US12052589

申请日：2008-03-20

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Mohamed Ahmed AbouKhousa ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ahmad Ghasr ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  David Pommerenke

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Mohamed Ahmed AbouKhousa ,  Mohammad Tayeb Ahmad Ghasr ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  David Pommerenke

IPC分类号： G01S13/89

CPC分类号： G01S7/025 ,  G01R29/0878 ,  G01S7/032 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S13/89 ,  H01Q3/46 ,  H01Q21/064

摘要： A sensor array having a plurality of modulated slots for microwave and/or millimeter wave imaging. The locations of the slots in the array define a spatial domain away from an object for detecting an electric field from the object. Each of the slots outputs a signal representative of the measured field and the location of the slot. A processor decodes the signals and generates an image of the object.

摘要翻译： 一种具有用于微波和/或毫米波成像的多个调制槽的传感器阵列。 阵列中的槽的位置限定远离物体的空间域，用于检测物体的电场。 每个时隙输出表示测量场和时隙位置的信号。 处理器解码信号并产生对象的图像。

公开(公告)号：US07439749B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-21

申请号：US11551800

申请日：2006-10-23

申请人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  Vivian Stephen

发明人： Reza Zoughi ,  Sergiy Kharkivskiy ,  Vivian Stephen

IPC分类号： G01R27/04 ,  G01R27/32

CPC分类号： G01N22/02

摘要： A method for detecting an anomaly in a composite material comprising directing two transmitted electromagnetic wave signals orthogonally polarized with respect to each other from a probe to the composite material, wherein the probe and composite material are positioned for near-field evaluation of the probe. A related apparatus comprising an open-ended square waveguide probe.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测复合材料中的异常的方法，包括将两个相对于彼此正交极化的透射电磁波信号从探针引导到复合材料，其中探针和复合材料被定位用于近场评估探针。 一种包括开放式方波导探针的相关装置。