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公开(公告)号：US5206656A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US458220
申请日：1989-12-28
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
摘要： Low profile array antennas for aircraft achieve improved performance with excitation circuits providing forced excitation of radiating elements to generate signals of desired relative phase and amplitude at the elements. Excitation circuits are structured for use of reactive turning for wideband operation. Monopole or slot array antennas, each including three or more radiating elements, can be grouped as antenna systems.
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公开(公告)号：US4791429A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-13
申请号：US48358
申请日：1987-05-11
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
摘要： A central aperture provides at least two radiation pattern modes. A second aperture concentric with the central aperture provides at least two radiation pattern modes. A first feed system excites the central aperture and a second feed system excites the concentric aperture. Circuit means associated with the second feed system provides an auxiliary excitation to the concentric aperture which results in optimizing the radiation pattern obtained during excitation of the central aperture.
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公开(公告)号：US4638324A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US679844
申请日：1984-12-10
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H01Q15/0053
摘要： An angular filter for electromagnetic radiation is formed of a set of elements supported on a dielectric substrate. The elements are electrically conducting and include resistance for dissipating energy of the radiation. Each element is formed as a closed loop in a plane normal to an axis of propagation of the radiation so as to minimize interaction with a transverse magnetic field of the radiation at zero angle of incidence to the filter, the interaction and consequent attenuation increasing with increasing angle of incidence. Thereby, spurious sidelobes of a radiation pattern associated with a radar or other antenna can be reduced by the filter in favor of the main lobe along the antenna axis. The elements may be formed by a set of members spaced apart to introduce capacitance for resonating with inherent inductance of the members, thereby to enhance the filter attenuation.
摘要翻译： 用于电磁辐射的角度滤波器由支撑在电介质基板上的一组元件形成。 元件是导电的并且包括用于耗散辐射能量的电阻。 每个元件在与辐射传播轴垂直的平面中形成为闭环，以便使与辐射的横向磁场的相互作用最小化，其与零滤波器的入射角成反比，随之而来的相互作用和随之而来的衰减随着增加而增加 入射角。 因此，与雷达或其他天线相关联的辐射图案的假旁瓣可以通过滤波器被减小，有利于沿着天线轴的主瓣。 元件可以由间隔开的一组构件形成，以引入与构件的固有电感谐振的电容，从而增强滤波器衰减。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5434587A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-18
申请号：US119936
申请日：1993-09-10
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H01Q15/244
摘要： The usable range of incidence angles for electromagnetic wave polarizers using arrays of polarizer elements is increased by introduction of a dielectric medium having a dielectric constant large enough to reduce the angle of wave incidence upon the polarizer elements. For example, arrays of 45 degree inclined meander-line polarizer elements are encased in a dielectric medium having a dielectric constant of about 3. The polarizer includes impedance matching layers at the surfaces of the dielectric medium to reduce reflections at those surfaces. The resulting polarizer is indicated to be usable to reciprocally convert an incident polarization to a desired polarization (e.g., from linear to circular polarization) for waves with incidence angles from zero to 70 degrees in any plane.
摘要翻译： 通过引入具有足够大的介电常数的电介质的介电常数来增加使用偏振元件阵列的电磁波偏振器的入射角的可用范围，以减小偏振元件的波入射角度。 例如，45度倾斜曲折偏振器元件的阵列被封装在介电常数约为3的电介质中。偏振器包括在电介质介质表面处的阻抗匹配层，以减少那些表面的反射。 所得到的偏振器被指示为可用于将入射偏振相互转换为在任何平面中具有从零到70度的入射角的波的期望偏振（例如，从线偏振到圆偏振）。
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公开(公告)号：US4673943A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US654338
申请日：1984-09-25
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H04K3/228 , H01Q19/195 , H01Q21/293 , H01Q25/007 , H04K2203/14 , H04K2203/32
摘要： The isolation of mainbeam and sidelobe jamming signals from the desired signal being relayed by microwave communication links is accomplished by an antijamming antenna comprising a flat radome, a curved reflector and a transmit dipole. Positioned adjacent the dipole is a monopulse feed and comparator for main-beam jammers (dual-plane monopulse, multi-mode multilayer feed). Also forming part of the integrated antenna are auxiliary units for near-sidelobe and far-sidelobe jammers. An alternative embodiment includes a Cassegrain grating sub-reflector. Since the direction of the desired incoming signal in microwave communication links is precisely known, the antijamming antenna uses azimuth and elevation monopulse to make a spatial distinction between the desired incoming signal and the jamming signals. The antijamming antenna system outputs: a sum, azimuth difference elevation difference signals and isolated near-sidelobe jamming signals and far-sidelobe jamming signals on output ports which allow an adaptive processor to place pattern nulls on jammers located in the mainbeam and sidelobe region of the antenna.
摘要翻译： 由微波通信链路中继的期望信号的主波束和旁瓣干扰信号的隔离由包括平坦天线罩，弯曲反射器和发射偶极子的抗干扰天线实现。 邻近偶极子定位是主波束干扰（单平面单脉冲，多模多层馈电）的单脉冲馈电和比较器。 还形成集成天线的一部分是用于近旁瓣和远旁瓣干扰的辅助单元。 一个替代实施例包括卡塞格林光栅子反射器。 由于微波通信链路中期望的输入信号的方向是精确已知的，所以抗干扰天线使用方位角和高程单脉冲来在期望的输入信号和干扰信号之间进行空间区分。 抗干扰天线系统输出：输出端口上的总和，方位差高程差信号和隔离近旁瓣干扰信号和远旁瓣干扰信号，允许自适应处理器将模式零点放置在位于主波束和旁瓣区域的干扰信号 天线。
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公开(公告)号：US5905463A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US840956
申请日：1997-04-21
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H01Q1/28 , H01Q1/281 , H01Q21/064 , H01Q21/08 , H01Q21/293 , H01Q3/26
摘要： Aircraft-mounted Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) antennas employ a linear array of radiator elements positioned transverse to the boresight axis. With an azimuth determination capability, but lacking elevation resolution, such antennas are subject to coning errors in determining the azimuth bearing of a target at an altitude differential. With use of a linear array (10) of multi-radiator elements (11, 12, 13), an output signal (23) having the characteristic of an amplitude which increases for off-boresight targets is provided. That signal is compared to a typical form of antenna system output signal (22), which has an amplitude which decreases for off-boresight targets. By such amplitude comparison, the angle (.beta.) to a target is determined and used to provide an azimuth correction factor (53). An apparent azimuth bearing (54) subject to coning error can then be corrected (55) to provide the true azimuth angle to a target (56).
摘要翻译： 飞机安装的识别朋友或敌人（IFF）天线采用横向于视轴的辐射体元件的线性阵列。 具有方位确定能力但缺乏高程分辨率，这样的天线在确定目标在高度差的方位角方面受到锥形误差的影响。 通过使用多个散热器元件（11,12,13）的线性阵列（10），提供具有对于远视轴目标增加的振幅特性的输出信号（23）。 将该信号与天线系统输出信号（22）的典型形式进行比较，其具有对于远视目标减小的幅度。 通过这样的幅度比较，确定与目标的角度（β）并用于提供方位校正因子（53）。 然后可以校正经受锥形误差的表观方位角（54）（55）以向目标（56）提供真正的方位角。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5606333A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-25
申请号：US390735
申请日：1995-02-17
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H01Q21/10 , H01Q1/42 , H01Q13/206 , H01Q21/068
摘要： Multi-beam antennas with relatively large effective apertures for high antenna gain are provided for tower or pole mounting for cellular and other uses. Low wind resistance is achieved by use of thin cylindrical radiating units and thin cylindrical tuned reflector units. Each radiating unit includes separately excited upper and lower radiators, each including a microstrip pattern of a phase reversed series of half-wave transmission line sections on a substrate enclosed in a fiberglass tube radome. Each tuned reflector unit includes a resonant stack of electrically isolated metal rods enclosed in a fiberglass radome. In one embodiment, four cylindrical radiating units, each including upper and lower radiators, are laterally spaced in front of upper and lower reflector configurations, each including seven laterally spaced tuned reflector units. Four beams are provided by a beam forming network arranged to couple antenna element signal feeds to the four upper radiators and corresponding reverse phase signal feeds to the four lower radiators.
摘要翻译： 提供用于高天线增益的具有相对较大的有效孔径的多波束天线用于蜂窝和其他用途的塔架或极安装。 通过使用薄的圆柱形辐射单元和薄的圆柱形调谐反射器单元实现低风阻。 每个辐射单元包括单独激励的上部和下部散热器，每个包括在封装在玻璃纤维管天线罩中的基板上的相位反转的半波传输线段的微带图案。 每个调谐的反射器单元包括被包围在玻璃纤维天线罩中的电隔离的金属棒的谐振叠层。 在一个实施例中，每个包括上部和下部散热器的四个圆柱形辐射单元在上部和下部反射器构造的前面横向隔开，每个包括七个横向间隔开的调谐反射器单元。 四个波束由波束形成网络提供，布置成将天线元件信号馈送耦合到四个较高辐射器和相应的反相信号馈送到四个较低辐射器。
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公开(公告)号：US5214436A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-25
申请号：US841901
申请日：1992-02-25
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
摘要： Array antennas for aircraft use have a shiftable center of radiation. The antenna beam of a group of laterally spaced array antennas is steered and the beam shape is controlled by relative shifting of the centers of radiation of the arrays. Beam tilting in a fuselage mounted system of array antennas uses controlled selection of active antennas.
摘要翻译： 飞机使用的阵列天线具有可移动的辐射中心。 一组横向间隔开的阵列天线的天线波束被控制，并且通过阵列的辐射中心的相对移动来控制波束形状。 在机身安装的阵列天线系统中的光束倾斜使用有源天线的受控选择。
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公开(公告)号：US5151707A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-29
申请号：US636752
申请日：1991-01-02
CPC分类号： H01Q1/287 , H01Q1/528 , H01Q19/021 , H01Q19/17
摘要： An antenna comprising a linear array of active elements positioned in one or more rows. The back portion of the array is partially enveloped by a reflector. The reflector includes a backwall and at least one sidewall perpendicular to the backwall and extending forward of the backwall. In one embodiment of the invention, a single row of dipole radiators form the linear array. In a second embodiment of the invention, a row of folded monopoles mounted on an imaging ground plane form the linear array. The radiation pattern is directed forward of the reflector, the back radiation in the E-plane being suppressed by the sidewall of the reflector.
摘要翻译： 一种天线，包括定位在一行或多行中的有源元件的线性阵列。 阵列的后部部分被反射器包围。 反射器包括后壁和垂直于后壁并延伸到后壁的前方的至少一个侧壁。 在本发明的一个实施例中，单行偶极辐射器形成线性阵列。 在本发明的第二实施例中，安装在成像接地平面上的一排折叠单极子形成线阵列。 辐射图案被指向反射器的前方，E平面中的背面辐射被反射器的侧壁抑制。
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公开(公告)号：US4604629A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US602885
申请日：1984-04-23
申请人： Peter W. Hannan
发明人： Peter W. Hannan
CPC分类号： H01Q15/0053 , H01Q17/002
摘要： An array of axially oriented thin resistive elements having a certain value of conductance or resistance in the axial direction is supported in dielectric material. For a wave at normal incidence, the apparatus is essentially invisible. For a wave incident at oblique angles in the E plane, current is induced in the resistive elements and dissipative attenuation occurs. The attenuation does not rely on resonance so that the apparatus operates over a wide frequency band and does not require tight dimensional tolerances.
摘要翻译： 在电介质材料中支撑有轴向取向的薄电阻元件阵列，其具有一定的电导值或电阻值。 对于正常入射的波，该装置基本上是不可见的。 对于在E平面中以倾斜角度的波入射，电流在电阻元件中被感应并且发生耗散衰减。 衰减不依赖于谐振，使得该装置在宽频带上工作，并且不需要紧密的尺寸公差。
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