公开(公告)号：US06510265B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09552773

申请日：2000-04-20

申请人： Giorgio Giaretta ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Paul Francis Kolesar ,  Martin C Nuss ,  Albert John Ritger ,  Ian A White

发明人： Giorgio Giaretta ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Paul Francis Kolesar ,  Martin C Nuss ,  Albert John Ritger ,  Ian A White

IPC分类号： G02B642

CPC分类号： G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/4206

摘要： A method and apparatus for overcoming modal noise penalties associated with multi-mode fiber optic links operating at high data rates on the order of 10 Gb/s. The method involves restricting the center launch condition of optical signals into the multi-mode fiber while permitting loose tolerances between source and fiber.

摘要翻译： 一种用于克服在10Gb / s量级的高数据速率下操作的多模光纤链路相关联的模态噪声损耗的方法和装置。 该方法包括将光信号的中心发射条件限制在多模光纤中，同时允许源和光纤之间的宽容差。

公开(公告)号：US06542679B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09847034

申请日：2001-05-01

申请人： David John DiGiovanni ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L. Jones ,  William Alfred Reed

发明人： David John DiGiovanni ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L. Jones ,  William Alfred Reed

IPC分类号： G02B602

CPC分类号： C03B37/02745 ,  C03B37/01228 ,  C03B37/01869 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B2203/19 ,  C03B2205/06 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/02285 ,  G02B6/0288 ,  G02B2006/0209 ,  Y02P40/57

摘要： Our method of making high bandwidth silica-based multimode optical fiber comprises provision of a non-circular preform, and drawing fiber of chiral structure from the preform. The non-circular preform can be made by maintaining the inside of the tubular preform under reduced pressure during at least part of the collapse, resulting in a non-circular core and cladding. It can also be made by removal (e.g., by grinding or plasma etching) of appropriate portions of the preform, resulting in a circular core and non-circular cladding. In the latter case, fiber is drawn at a relatively high temperature such that, due to surface tension, the cladding assumes substantially circular shape and the core assumes a non-circular shape. The chiral structure is imposed on the fiber in any appropriate way, e.g., by twisting during fiber drawing the fiber alternately in clockwise and couterclockwise sense relative to the preform.

公开(公告)号：US06501884B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-31

申请号：US09608364

申请日：2000-06-30

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： G02B6/4204 ,  G02B6/262

摘要： Disclosed is a method of launching a light beam from a semiconductor laser into a multimode optical fiber, as well as apparatus for launching the light beam. The light beam is directed at nominally the center of the input face of the multimode fiber such that the (unguided) light beam makes an angle &thgr;b (typically in the range 1-20 degrees) with the direction perpendicular to the input face of the multimode fiber. The angle &thgr;b is selected such that at least one lower order mode of the guided radiation in the multimode fiber is substantially not excited in the fiber, with at least some higher order modes being substantially excited. Several specific embodiments are disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了将半导体激光器的光束发射到多模光纤中的方法以及用于发射光束的装置。 光束以名义上指向多模光纤的输入面的中心，使得（非导向）光束与垂直于多模输入面的方向成一角度（通常在1-20度范围内） 纤维。 选择角度使得多模光纤中的被引导辐射的至少一个低阶模式在光纤中基本上不被激发，其中至少一些较高阶模被基本上激发。 公开了几个具体实施例。

公开(公告)号：US06292612B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09326960

申请日：1999-06-07

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed ,  Albert John Ritger

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed ,  Albert John Ritger

IPC分类号： G02B602

CPC分类号： G02B6/0288 ,  G02B6/03611 ,  G02B6/03633

摘要： A multi-mode optical fiber having an improved refractive index profile is disclosed. The refractive index profile is modified from a conventional by at least one of (i) a step formed in the index profile at the boundary of the core and cladding regions, in combination with a linear correction; (ii) a ripple near the core-cladding boundary, in combination with a linear correction, with or without an index step; and (iii) an annular ridge formed in the index profile of an &agr;-profile with a center dip defect. The invention further relates to a communications system comprising the inventive fiber.

摘要翻译： 公开了具有改进的折射率分布的多模光纤。 折射率分布通过以下至少之一进行修改：（i）在芯和包层区域的边界处的折射率分布中形成的台阶与线性校正的组合中的至少一个; （ii）在芯或包层边界附近的脉动，与线性校正相结合，具有或不具有指数步长; 和（iii）形成在具有中心凹陷缺陷的α轮廓的折射率分布中的环形脊。 本发明还涉及包括本发明光纤的通信系统。

公开(公告)号：US06788397B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-07

申请号：US09514137

申请日：2000-02-28

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed

IPC分类号： G01J100

CPC分类号： G01M11/33

摘要： A technique for measuring the modal power distribution of an optical source (for example, a laser) launching pulses into a multimode fiber involves a characterization of the multimode fiber itself in terms of its differential modal delay. A reverse differential mode delay measurement is then performed to characterize the interaction of the optical source with the multimode fiber. By knowing these characteristics, the modal power distribution of the source into the fiber can then be determined by using a reconstruction algorithm.

摘要翻译： 用于测量光源（例如，激光器）向多模光纤发射脉冲的模态功率分布的技术涉及多模光纤本身的差分模态延迟的表征。 然后执行反向差分模式延迟测量以表征光源与多模光纤的相互作用。 通过了解这些特性，可以通过使用重建算法来确定源到光纤中的模态功率分布。

公开(公告)号：US06400450B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

申请号：US09527928

申请日：2000-03-17

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed ,  Albert John Ritger

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  William Alfred Reed ,  Albert John Ritger

IPC分类号： G01N2100

CPC分类号： G01M11/332 ,  G01M11/338

摘要： A method is disclosed for qualifying a multimode optical fiber 150 for bandwidth performance when used with a particular laser source. The method combines the modal power distribution (MPD) excited by a particular laser source with the differential mode delay (DMD) characteristic of the fiber. The DMD of the fiber is measured by injecting test pulses into one end of the fiber and detecting the resulting output pulse(s) at the other end. The test pulses are adapted to excite only a small number of the modes supported by the fiber. The test pulses are scanned across the core of the fiber at close intervals with the output pulse(s) stored at each radial position. A weighted sum of the output pulses is formed to determine a time-domain impulse response, where the weighting used corresponds to the MPD excited by the laser source. Bandwidth is then determined by standard methods for transforming the impulse response into the frequency domain. In one embodiment of the invention, a weighted sum of the DMD data is used in the determination of bandwidth; whereas in another embodiment of the invention, a deconvolution algorithm is applied to the DMD data to obtain modal delay times for each of the mode groups of the fiber, which are then combined with the MPD excited by the laser source.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在与特定激光源一起使用时对多模光纤150进行带宽性能的鉴定。 该方法将由特定激光源激发的模态功率分布（MPD）与光纤的差模延迟（DMD）特性组合。 通过将测试脉冲注入到光纤的一端并检测另一端的结果输出脉冲来测量光纤的DMD。 测试脉冲适合于仅激发由光纤支持的少数模式。 在每个径向位置处存储的输出脉冲以紧密的间隔跨越光纤的芯扫描测试脉冲。 形成输出脉冲的加权和以确定时域脉冲响应，其中使用的加权对应于由激光源激发的MPD。 然后通过用于将脉冲响应转换成频域的标准方法来确定带宽。 在本发明的一个实施例中，在确定带宽时使用DMD数据的加权和; 而在本发明的另一个实施例中，将去卷积算法应用于DMD数据，以获得光纤的每个模式组的模态延迟时间，然后将其与由激光源激发的MPD组合。

公开(公告)号：US06269323B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US08846039

申请日：1997-04-25

申请人： Vladimir Naumovich Vapnik ,  Steven Eugene Golowich

发明人： Vladimir Naumovich Vapnik ,  Steven Eugene Golowich

IPC分类号： G06E100

CPC分类号： G06F17/17

摘要： A method for estimating a real function that describes a phenomenon occurring in a space of any dimensionality is disclosed. The function is estimated by taking a series of measurements of the phenomenon being described and using those measurements to construct an expansion that has a manageable number of terms. A reduction in the number of terms is achieved by using an approximation that is defined as an expansion on kernel functions, the kernel functions forming an inner product in Hilbert space. By finding the support vectors for the measurements one specifies the expansion functions. The number of terms in an estimation according to the present invention is generally much less than the number of observations of the real world phenomenon that is being estimated. In one embodiment, the function estimation method may be used to reconstruct a radiation density image using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan measurements.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于估计描述在任何维度的空间中发生的现象的实际功能的方法。 通过对所描述的现象进行一系列测量并使用这些测量来构建具有可管理数量的扩展的功能来估计该功能。 通过使用定义为内核函数扩展的近似来实现术语数量的减少，内核函数在希尔伯特空间中形成内积。 通过查找测量的支持向量，可以指定扩展功能。 根据本发明的估计中的术语数量通常远小于正在估计的现实世界现象的观察次数。 在一个实施例中，功能估计方法可用于使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）扫描测量来重建辐射密度图像。

公开(公告)号：US07110651B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-19

申请号：US10922684

申请日：2004-08-19

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Siddharth Ramachandran

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Siddharth Ramachandran

IPC分类号： G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/36

CPC分类号： G02B6/03611 ,  G02B6/02066 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/264

摘要： A new annular-core optical fiber is useful, inter alia, for stabilizing the behavior of an optical attenuator based on a Long Period Grating (LPG) against fluctuations in the polarization of the fundamental optical signal. The fiber dimensions and Δn are selected such that when a LPG of some period is used to couple fundamental-mode radiation in the fiber into higher-order modes, the wavelength of peak coupling into an HE mode is removed by at least 30 nm from the wavelength of peak coupling into the nearer of a TE mode or a TM mode.

公开(公告)号：US06574403B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09575867

申请日：2000-05-17

申请人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L Jones ,  Albert John Ritger ,  K Scott Thornburg, Jr.

发明人： Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L Jones ,  Albert John Ritger ,  K Scott Thornburg, Jr.

IPC分类号： G02B602

CPC分类号： C03B37/012 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/0281

摘要： Embodiments of the invention include an optical communications system including a multimode optical fiber having improved overfill-launch bandwidth performance without disturbing existing laser-launch bandwidth performance. The multimode optical fiber has a characteristic differential mode delay with a first portion associated with lower order modes that behaves conventionally and a second portion associated with higher order modes that deviates from conventional behavior in a way that improves overfill-launch bandwidth performance at one operating window without adversely impacting the laser-launch bandwidth performance at the same and other operating windows. Multimode optical fibers conventionally optimized for operation at 850 nm are configured in such a way that their characteristic differential mode delay, at 1300 nm, initially increases in a conventional manner and then flattens out to approximately zero at the higher order modes. At 850 nm, the characteristic differential mode delay initially remains flat at approximately zero, in a conventional manner, and then decreases at the higher order modes. Also, embodiments of the invention include an inventive optical fiber preform configured appropriately to produce the desired differential mode delay, and a method for making the inventive optical fiber preform.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例包括一种光通信系统，其包括具有改进的过充满发射带宽性能的多模光纤，而不干扰现有的激光发射带宽性能。 多模光纤具有特征差模延迟，其中第一部分与常规行为的较低阶模式相关联，第二部分与更高阶模式相关联，以改善在一个操作窗口上的过度填充发射带宽性能的方式偏离常规行为 而不会对相同和其他操作窗口的激光发射带宽性能产生不利影响。 通常以850nm操作优化的多模光纤被配置成使得它们在1300nm处的特征差模延迟最初以常规方式增加，然后在较高阶模式下变平近于零。 在850nm处，特征性差模延迟最初以常规方式保持在大约零平坦，然后在较高阶模下降低。 此外，本发明的实施例包括适当地产生期望的差模延迟的本发明的光纤预制件，以及用于制造本发明的光纤预制件的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06422043B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

申请号：US09440763

申请日：1999-11-16

申请人： David John DiGiovanni ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L. Jones ,  William Alfred Reed

发明人： David John DiGiovanni ,  Steven Eugene Golowich ,  Sean L. Jones ,  William Alfred Reed

IPC分类号： C03B37075

CPC分类号： C03B37/02745 ,  C03B37/01228 ,  C03B37/01869 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B2203/19 ,  C03B2205/06 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/02285 ,  G02B6/0288 ,  G02B2006/0209 ,  Y02P40/57

摘要： Our method of making high bandwidth silica-based multimode optical fiber comprises provision of a non-circular preform, and drawing fiber of chiral structure from the preform. The non-circular preform can be made by maintaining the inside of the tubular preform under reduced pressure during at least part of the collapse, resulting in a non-circular core and cladding. It can also be made by removal (e.g., by grinding or plasma etching) of appropriate portions of the preform, resulting in a circular core and non-circular cladding. In the latter case, fiber is drawn at a relatively high temperature such that, due to surface tension, the cladding assumes substantially circular shape and the core assumes a non-circular shape. The chiral structure is imposed on the fiber in any appropriate way, e.g., by twisting during fiber drawing the fiber alternately in clockwise and couterclockwise sense relative to the preform.

摘要翻译： 我们制造高带宽二氧化硅的多模光纤的方法包括提供非圆形预成型件，以及从预型件中拉伸手性结构的纤维。 非圆形预成型件可以通过在至少部分塌缩期间通过在减压下保持管状预成型件的内部而形成，从而形成非圆形的芯和包层。 还可以通过去除（例如，通过研磨或等离子体蚀刻）预成型件的适当部分来制造，从而形成圆形芯和非圆形包层。 在后一种情况下，纤维在比较高的温度下被拉伸，使得由于表面张力，包层呈现大致圆形并且芯呈现非圆形形状。 手性结构以任何适当的方式施加在纤维上，例如通过在纤维中以相对于预成型件顺时针和逆时针方向交替地纤维拉伸而进行扭转。