公开(公告)号：US20100310045A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

申请号：US12809238

申请日：2007-12-21

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompspm ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompspm ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

IPC分类号： G01N23/04 ,  H05G1/52 ,  A61N5/10

CPC分类号： H05H7/12 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J2235/08 ,  H05H6/00 ,  H05H9/04

摘要： X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement. The target can be immersed in a coolant fluid such as water. The linear accelerator can be of the type disclosed in WO2006/097697A1. The target preferably contains at least one exposed area of tungsten and/or at least one exposed area of carbon. These can be present as inhomogeneities in the material of which the target is composed, such as Carbon inserts in a Tungsten substrate (or vice versa), alternating segments of Carbon and Tungsten, Carbon and Tungsten inserts in a substrate of a third material, or arrangements involving other materials in addition to or instead of Carbon and/or Tungsten. Alternatively, the target can be of a homogenous material but have inhomogeneities in its thickness to cater for the different electron energies. The same concept can be applied to the filter. A detector can be provided, operating in synchrony with the energy variation. Such an x-ray apparatus can form a part of a radiotherapy apparatus, in which case the first selected energy can be a diagnostic energy and a second selected energy a therapeutic energy.

摘要翻译： X射线装置包括线性加速器，其适于以至少两个可选择的能量之一产生电子束，并被控制以周期性地改变所选择的能量，以及射束从而产生射束 的x辐射，目标是不均匀的并且被驱动以与所选择的能量的变化同步地周期性地移动。 以这种方式，当不同的脉冲到达时，目标可以移动，使得不同的部分暴露于电子束。 这使得能够根据所选择的能量使用适当的目标材料。 目标的最简单的周期性运动形式可能是旋转运动。 目标可以浸入冷却液如水中。 线性加速器可以是WO2006 / 097697A1中公开的类型。 目标优选地包含钨的至少一个暴露区域和/或至少一个暴露的碳区域。 这些可以作为靶材组成的材料中的不均匀性，例如在钨基底（或反之亦然）中的碳插入物），碳和钨的交替段，碳和钨插入物在第三材料的衬底中，或 除碳或/或钨之外还有其他材料的安排。 或者，靶可以是均质材料，但是其厚度具有不均匀性以适应不同的电子能量。 相同的概念可以应用于过滤器。 可以提供与能量变化同步操作的检测器。 这种X射线设备可以形成放射治疗设备的一部分，在这种情况下，第一选择的能量可以是诊断能量，而第二选择的能量可以是治疗能量。

公开(公告)号：US08355482B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-15

申请号：US12992727

申请日：2009-05-15

申请人： Kevin Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

发明人： Kevin Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  H01J35/08 ,  G21K3/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4042 ,  A61B6/583 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  G21K1/02 ,  G21K1/10 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/087

摘要： It is desirable to achieve a co-incident investigative kV source for a therapeutic MV source—a so-called “beams-eye-view” source. It has been suggested that bremsstrahlung radiation from an electron window be employed; we propose a practical structure for achieving this which can switch easily between a therapeutic beam and a beam-eye-view diagnostic beam capable of offering good image resolution. Such a radiation source comprises an electron gun, a pair of targets locatable in the path of a beam produced by the electron gun, one target of the pair being of a material with a lower atomic number than the other, and an electron absorber insertable into and withdrawable from the path of the beam. In a preferred form, the electron gun is within a vacuum chamber, and the pair of targets are located at a boundary of the vacuum chamber. The lower atomic number target can be Nickel and the higher atomic number target Copper and/or Tungsten. The electron absorber can be Carbon, and can be located within the primary collimator, or within one of a plurality of primary collimators interchangeably locatable in the path of the beam. Such a radiation source can be included within a radiotherapy apparatus, to which the present invention further relates. A flat panel imaging device for this source can be optimised for low energy x-rays rather than high energy; Caesium Iodide-based panels are therefore suitable.

摘要翻译： 期望实现用于治疗性MV源的共同调查性kV源 - 所谓的束视野源。 有人建议使用来自电子窗的bre致辐射; 我们提出了实现这一点的实际结构，其可以在能够提供良好的图像分辨率的治疗光束和眼睛视图诊断光束之间容易地切换。 这样的辐射源包括电子枪，一对可定位在由电子枪产生的光束的路径中的一对靶，该对中的一个靶是具有比另一个更低原子序数的材料，以及电子吸收体可插入 并从梁的路径中抽出。 在优选形式中，电子枪位于真空室内，并且该对靶位于真空室的边界处。 较低的原子序号目标可以是镍，较高原子序号的目标铜和/或钨。 电子吸收器可以是碳，并且可以位于主准直器内，或者位于可互换定位在光束路径中的多个主准直仪之一内。 这样的辐射源可以包括在本发明进一步涉及的放射治疗装置内。 用于该源的平板成像装置可以针对低能x射线而不是高能量进行优化; 因此，基于碘化铯的面板是合适的。

公开(公告)号：US20110142202A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

申请号：US12992727

申请日：2009-05-15

申请人： Kevin Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

发明人： Kevin Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  H01J35/08

CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4042 ,  A61B6/583 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  G21K1/02 ,  G21K1/10 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/087

摘要： It is desirable to achieve a co-incident investigative kV source for a therapeutic MV source—a so-called “beams-eye-view” source. It has been suggested that bremsstrahlung radiation from an electron window be employed; we propose a practical structure for achieving this which can switch easily between a therapeutic beam and a beam-eye-view diagnostic beam capable of offering good image resolution. Such a radiation source comprises an electron gun, a pair of targets locatable in the path of a beam produced by the electron gun, one target of the pair being of a material with a lower atomic number than the other, and an electron absorber insertable into and withdrawable from the path of the beam. In a preferred form, the electron gun is within a vacuum chamber, and the pair of targets are located at a boundary of the vacuum chamber. The lower atomic number target can be Nickel and the higher atomic number target Copper and/or Tungsten. The electron absorber can be Carbon, and can be located within the primary collimator, or within one of a plurality of primary collimators interchangeably locatable in the path of the beam. Such a radiation source can be included within a radiotherapy apparatus, to which the present invention further relates. A flat panel imaging device for this source can be optimised for low energy x-rays rather than high energy; Caesium Iodide-based panels are therefore suitable.

摘要翻译： 期望实现用于治疗性MV源的共同调查性kV源 - 所谓的“眼 - 视”源。 有人建议使用来自电子窗的bre致辐射; 我们提出了实现这一点的实际结构，其可以在能够提供良好的图像分辨率的治疗光束和眼睛视图诊断光束之间容易地切换。 这样的辐射源包括电子枪，一对可定位在由电子枪产生的光束的路径中的一对靶，该对中的一个靶是具有比另一个更低原子序数的材料，以及电子吸收体可插入 并从梁的路径中抽出。 在优选形式中，电子枪位于真空室内，并且该对靶位于真空室的边界处。 较低的原子序号目标可以是镍，较高原子序号的目标铜和/或钨。 电子吸收器可以是碳，并且可以位于主准直器内，或者位于可互换定位在光束路径中的多个主准直仪之一内。 这样的辐射源可以包括在本发明进一步涉及的放射治疗装置内。 用于该源的平板成像装置可以针对低能x射线而不是高能量进行优化; 因此，基于碘化铯的面板是合适的。

公开(公告)号：US08306189B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-06

申请号：US12809238

申请日：2007-12-21

申请人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

发明人： Kevin John Brown ,  Maria Giulia Thompson ,  Vibeke Nordmark Hansen ,  Philip Mark Evans ,  David Anthony Roberts

IPC分类号： H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H05H7/12 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J2235/08 ,  H05H6/00 ,  H05H9/04

摘要： X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement.

摘要翻译： X射线装置包括线性加速器，其适于以至少两个可选择的能量之一产生电子束，并被控制以周期性地改变所选择的能量，以及射束从而产生射束 的x辐射，目标是不均匀的并且被驱动以与所选择的能量的变化同步地周期性地移动。 以这种方式，当不同的脉冲到达时，目标可以移动，使得不同的部分暴露于电子束。 这使得能够根据所选择的能量使用适当的目标材料。 目标的最简单的周期性运动形式可能是旋转运动。