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公开(公告)号：US4355047A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US263156
申请日：1981-05-13
CPC分类号： C12C12/02 , C12C5/004 , C12C7/047 , Y10S435/814 , Y10S435/816
摘要： Low calorie beer is prepared by introducing into the brewing process a debranching enzyme (pullulanase) obtained from rice, a traditional brewing material. The debranching enzyme reduces the real extract of the beer by cleaving alpha 1,6 linkages of unfermentable limit dextrins to form alpha 1,4 dextrins which can be converted by alpha 1,4 carbohydrases to sugars that can be fermented by brewer's yeast. The enzyme may be introduced into the brewing process by adding rice or the enzyme extracted from rice to the mash or to the wort before or during fermentation. The debranching enzyme may be obtained from polished dry milled rice by extraction with an aqueous buffer solution. When malted rice is used as the enzyme source a particularly useful mixture of the debranching enzyme and alpha 1,4 carbohydrases is obtained.
摘要翻译： 通过向酿造过程中引入从米，传统的酿造材料获得的脱支酶（支链淀粉酶）来制备低热量啤酒。 脱支酶通过切割不可发酵极限糊精的α1,6-键来形成啤酒的真正提取物，形成可被α1,4糖酶转化成可被啤酒酵母发酵的糖的α1.4糊精。 可以在发酵前或发酵期间将米或从米提取的酶加入醪液或麦汁中，将酶引入酿造过程。 脱支酶可以通过用缓冲液水溶液萃取从抛光干磨米获得。 当麦芽米作为酶源时，可获得脱支酶和α1b糖酶的特别有用的混合物。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4734364A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-29
申请号：US820197
申请日：1986-01-16
CPC分类号： C12P19/22 , C12N9/2457 , C12P19/20 , C12Y302/01041 , Y10S435/814
摘要： A sugar syrup is prepared by saccharifying a liquefied starch hydrolyzate at a pH of about 4 to about 5.5 and a temperature above 55.degree. C. with a heat stable, aciduric, pullulanase obtained from rice and an .alpha.-1,4 carbohydrase. The pullulanase employed is substantially free of maltase and transglucosidase activity. In one embodiment, a dextrose syrup is prepared by saccharifying a thinned starch hydrolyzate with glucoamylase and the rice pullulanase. Maltose syrup is prepared using the rice pullulanase and a maltogenic enzyme.
摘要翻译： 通过用从水稻和α-1,4-糖水解酶获得的热稳定的，酸性的支链淀粉酶将约4至约5.5的pH值和高于55℃的液化淀粉水解物进行糖化来制备糖浆。 所用的支链淀粉酶基本上不含麦芽糖酶和转葡糖苷酶活性。 在一个实施方案中，通过用葡糖淀粉酶和水稻支链淀粉酶对变薄的淀粉水解物进行糖化来制备葡萄糖浆。 麦芽糖浆是使用水稻支链淀粉酶和麦芽糖酶制备的。
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公开(公告)号：US4666718A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-19
申请号：US640930
申请日：1984-08-15
CPC分类号： C12C12/02 , C12C5/00 , C12C5/004 , Y10T436/106664
摘要： A superattenuated low calorie beer is prepared from a wort containing as a liquid adjunct a starch-derived syrup which contains dextrins by adding to the wort during fermentation a glucoamylase type debranching enzyme obtained from Schwanniomyces castellii.
摘要翻译： 通过在发酵过程中向麦芽汁中添加葡萄糖淀粉酶型脱支酶，得自雪花甘草（Schwanniomyces castellii），从含有作为液体辅料的麦芽汁中制备超低温低热量啤酒。
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4.发明授权Preparation of low calorie beer with malt extract free of yeast lethal factors 失效制备不含酵母致死因子的麦芽提取物的低热量啤酒
公开(公告)号：US4528198A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-09
申请号：US536950
申请日：1983-09-27
CPC分类号： C12C12/02 , C12C1/18 , C12C11/003 , C12C5/004
摘要： An aqueous extract containing .alpha.-1,6 and .alpha.-1,4 carbohydrases obtained from diastatic malt is treated with an adsorbent to remove yeast lethal factors and can be used to produce a superattenuated low calorie beer. The enzyme-containing extract preferably is introduced into a pitched aerated wort during fermentation. Crude aqueous extracts of diastatic malt cannot be used because they contain factors lethal to yeast which adversely affects the yeast viability throughout the fermentation.
摘要翻译： 用吸附剂处理从水解麦芽中获得的含有α-1,6和α-1,4糖酶的含水提取物以除去酵母致死因子，并可用于生产超低温低热量啤酒。 优选在发酵期间将含酶提取物引入倾斜的充气麦汁中。 无法使用乳酸麦芽的粗提取物，因为它们含有对酵母致死的因子，这些因素对整个发酵过程中的酵母活力都有不利影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4430348A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US441258
申请日：1982-11-12
摘要： A superattenuated low caloric beer is produced by passing fermenting beer through an immobilized glucoamylase reactor having active glucoamylase immobilized on a ceramic monolith. The ceramic monolith has open ended passages ranging from 50 to 3,000 microns in diameter through which the beer passes, and glucoamylase is covalently bonded to internal surfaces of the passages. The glucoamylase is preferably covalently bonded by reacting an aldehydic derivative of glucoamylase with an aminofunctional group on the internal surfaces of the passages to form an aldimine which is reduced to a secondary amine. The reactor can sustain high flow rates of beer containing yeast and other particulate matter without plugging or fouling, and it is operationally stable under fermentation conditions over a long period of time.
摘要翻译： 通过将发酵啤酒通过固定在陶瓷整料上的活性葡糖淀粉酶的固定化葡糖淀粉酶反应器来生产超低温低热量啤酒。 陶瓷整料具有直径范围为50至3000微米的开口通道，啤酒通过该通道，而葡糖淀粉酶共价键合到通道的内表面。 葡糖淀粉酶优选通过在通道的内表面上使葡糖淀粉酶的醛衍生物与氨基官能团反应而共价键合，形成还原成仲胺的醛亚胺。 该反应器可以维持高流量的含有酵母和其他颗粒物质的啤酒，而不会堵塞或堵塞，并且在发酵条件下长时间运行稳定。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4355110A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US263154
申请日：1981-05-13
CPC分类号： C12Y302/01041 , C12C12/02 , C12C5/004 , C12C7/047 , C12N9/2422 , C12N9/2457 , Y10S435/814 , Y10S435/816
摘要： A debranching enzyme (pullulanese) useful in the preparation of a low calorie beer may be obtained from rice by extraction of the rice with an aqueous buffer system having a pH of about 6. A preferred buffer system is 0.1 M potassium phosphate-0.2 M-sodium chloride. Extraction is preferably carried out at a temperature of about 50.degree. C. for about 3 hours. When malted rice is used as the enzyme source a particularly useful mixture of the debranching enzyme and alpha 1,4 carbohydrases is obtained.
摘要翻译： 用于制备低热量啤酒的脱支酶（支链淀粉）可以通过用pH为约6的水性缓冲体系提取米来从水稻获得。优选的缓冲体系是0.1M磷酸钾-0.2M- 氯化钠。 提取优选在约50℃的温度下进行约3小时。 当麦芽米作为酶源时，可获得脱支酶和α1b糖酶的特别有用的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4007008A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US600394
申请日：1975-07-30
申请人： Milton J. Becker , William F. Line
发明人： Milton J. Becker , William F. Line
CPC分类号： G01N33/96 , A61K35/16 , G01N2496/05 , G01N33/66 , G01N33/84 , Y10T436/104165 , Y10T436/106664 , Y10T436/107497 , Y10T436/109163
摘要： A method for treatment of animal blood to simulate human blood for use as a reference standard for automated biological testing instruments wherein the enzyme activities are reduced by base-acid treatment of the serum or plasma from animals and which may include one or more additional treatments, such as decolorizing with an oxidant, removal of inorganic phosphate with an anion exchange resin, reduction of other electrolyte levels by treatment with a mixed bed ion exchange resin, reduction of glucose by treatment with glucose oxidase and the blending of processed animal sera to achieve constituent levels corresponding with human blood serum, including lyophilization of the serum product.
摘要翻译： 一种用于治疗动物血液以模拟人血液的方法，用作自动化生物测试仪器的参考标准，其中酶活性通过来自动物的血清或血浆的碱基酸处理而降低，并且可以包括一种或多种另外的治疗， 例如用氧化剂脱色，用阴离子交换树脂除去无机磷酸盐，通过用混合床离子交换树脂处理还原其它电解质水平，通过用葡萄糖氧化酶处理来降低葡萄糖，以及混合加工的动物血清以达到成分 与人血清相应的水平，包括血清产品的冻干。
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