Abstract:
An implantable device includes a device case comprising amorphous non-ferrous metal alloy material and having lower electrical conductivity than crystalline atomic structures comprising the same alloy constituents. The generation of eddy currents is thereby reduced and inductive charging and/or telemetry system operation can take place at higher frequencies with a resulting improvement in energy and data transfer efficiency.
Abstract:
A hybrid battery power source for implantable medical use provides a generally constant low internal resistance during discharge and avoids voltage delays of the type that develop as a result of run down-induced resistance increase in Li/SVO cells. The hybrid battery power source utilizes two batteries or cells, one being a primary cell of relatively high energy density and the other being a secondary cell of relatively low internal resistance that is rechargeable. The primary and secondary cells are connected in a parallel arrangement via a voltage boost/charge control circuit that is powered by the primary cell and adapted to charge the secondary cell while limiting charge/discharge excursions thereof in a manner that optimizes its output for high energy medical device use. The energy storage capacitors of the medical device in which the hybrid battery power source is situated are driven by the secondary cell. The primary cell is used to as an energy source for recharging the secondary cell.
Abstract:
A high energy battery power source suitable for use in an implantable medical device includes an input, an output, and two or more battery modules each comprising two or more battery cells. The battery cells are of relatively low voltage and permanently configured within each battery module in an electrically parallel arrangement in order to provide a desired current discharge level needed to achieve high-energy output. A switching system configures the battery modules between a first configuration wherein the battery modules are electrically connected in parallel to each other and to the input in order to receive charging energy at the relatively low voltage, and a second configuration wherein the battery modules are electrically connected in series to each other in order to provide to the output a relatively high voltage corresponding to the number of battery modules at a current level corresponding to the number of battery cells in a single battery module.
Abstract:
A hybrid battery power source for implantable medical use provides a generally constant low internal resistance during discharge and avoids voltage delays of the type that develop as a result of run down-induced resistance increase in Li/SVO cells. The hybrid battery power source utilizes two batteries or cells, one being a primary cell of relatively high energy density and the other being a secondary cell of relatively low internal resistance that is rechargeable. The primary and secondary cells are connected in a parallel arrangement via a voltage boost/charge control circuit that is powered by the primary cell and adapted to charge the secondary cell while limiting charge/discharge excursions thereof in a manner that optimizes its output for high energy medical device use. The energy storage capacitors of the medical device in which the hybrid battery power source is situated are driven by the secondary cell. The primary cell is used to as an energy source for recharging the secondary cell.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for providing germicidal and healing treatment of tissue such as bone wherein an electrode of silver or like material is applied to a living tissue site to be healed, initially a direct voltage is applied to the electrode of a polarity driving the electrode as an anode to release silver ions to create a germicidal environment at the site, and thereafter a direct voltage of opposite polarity is applied to the electrode driving it as a cathode to stimulate healing of the tissue at the site. The apparatus is implanted in the body of a patient, and in one embodiment a battery is connected through a switch to the electrode and a reference electrode, the switch initially connecting the electrode as an anode and thereafter changeable by an external operator such as a magnet to connect the electrode as a cathode. In another embodiment, another electrode and an element cooperate with the treating electrode to form a galvanic couple with the treating electrode to create a germicidal environment and a predetermined time thereafter the arrangement changes to a biogalvanic couple with body fluid to cause healing of the tissue. In either embodiment a wave shaping circuit can be operatively associated with the treating electrode to facilitate external monitoring of the apparatus when implanted.
Abstract:
An artificial cardiac pacer including a pulse source of relatively high and constant frequency, such as a quartz crystal oscillator, and a frequency divider for converting the source pulses to a lower frequency suitable for application to pacer electrodes for heart stimulation is provided with a pulse rate controller operatively connected to the frequency converter for inhibiting a predetermined number of pulses in each time interval to change the frequency of pulses applied to the pacer electrodes. An external controller operatively coupled to the pulse rate control generates first and second command signals in response to manual selection which are received by the pulse rate control and cause an increase or decrease in the number of pulses inhibited.
Abstract:
A cardiac pacer having an alkali metal-halogen cell comprising an alkali metal anode, preferably lithium, a solid alkali metal-halogen electrolyte and a cathode comprising a mixture of two halogens, for example iodine and bromine, the two halogens providing discharge of the cell at two different levels of cell output voltage. The two halogens are in different proportions by weight of the mixture thereby providing a two step output voltage-time characteristic. The second step or plateau in the output voltage characteristic provides an early warning of pacer battery exhaustion.
Abstract:
A lithium-iodine cell comprising a casing of electrically conducting material, an anode including a lithium element within the casing, an electrical conductor operatively connected to the lithium element and extending out from the casing, and a cathode comprising iodine-containing material in operative contact with both the casing and the lithium element. The anode electrical conductor is completely sealed from the rest of the cell, and the casing serves as the cathode current collector. The anode operative surface is provided with a coating of an organic electron donor material. The anode is enclosed within an insulator element within the casing and a ferrule having one end within the insulator and the other end extending from the casing.
Abstract:
A lithium-iodine cell comprising a cathode including a charge transfer complex of an organic donor component and iodine, an anode including a lithium element having a surface operatively contacting the charge transfer complex material, and a coating on the lithium surface of an organic electron donor material, preferably but not necessarily the organic donor component of the charge transfer complex. The organic electron donor material preferably comprises polyvinyl pyridine polymer and in particular two-vinyl pyridine polymer. A solution of two-vinyl pyridine polymer in benzene is brushed onto the anode lithium surface and then exposed to a desiccant. A number of coatings preferably are applied successively to provide a resulting or finished coating of increased thickness.
Abstract:
A hermetic component housing for use with a photonic catheter connected to a photonic pacemaker or other medical system designed for compatibility with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) procedures. The hermetic housing includes a housing body having a proximal end and a distal end. The body is formed with a hermetically sealed interior for carrying one or more electrical and/or optical components therein. The proximal end of the body is adapted to mount to a distal end of a photonic catheter carrying a fiber optic element or bundle. A hermetic terminal is provided to allow the fiber optic element or bundle to communicate with the body interior. The body can be adapted to mount (or function as) one or more electrodes designed for delivering or sensing electrical signals to body tissue, or it may be adapted to mount no electrodes. The component housing may be implemented by itself at the distal end of the photonic catheter, or it may be used in conjunction with other housings of like or different construction.