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公开(公告)号：US09377831B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-28
申请号：US13991434
申请日：2011-11-30
IPC分类号： G06F1/26 , B60R16/023 , B60R16/03
CPC分类号： G06F1/26 , B60R16/0232 , B60R16/03
摘要： An electric power distribution device sets a first threshold and a second threshold for a threshold temperature of main wires, and sets a third threshold and a fourth threshold for a threshold temperature of branch wires. In the case where a temperature of each of the main wires reaches the first threshold, all of branch wire switches provided in a branch wire distributor are shut off. Thereafter, in the case where the temperature of the main wire reaches the second threshold, each of the main wire switches, which is provided a main wire distributor, is shut off. In the case where a temperature of a certain branch wire reaches the third threshold, the corresponding branch wire switch is subjected to PWM control. Thereafter, in the case where the temperature of the branch wire reaches the fourth threshold, the corresponding branch wire switch is shut off.
摘要翻译： 电力分配装置为主配线的阈值温度设定第一阈值和第二阈值，并设定分支电线的阈值温度的第三阈值和第四阈值。 在每条主线的温度达到第一阈值的情况下，分支线分配器中设置的所有分支线开关都被切断。 此后，在主线的温度达到第二阈值的情况下，切断设置有主线分配器的主线开关。 在某个分支线的温度达到第三阈值的情况下，对相应的分支线开关进行PWM控制。 此后，在分支线的温度达到第四阈值的情况下，相应的分支线开关被切断。
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公开(公告)号：US08760832B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-24
申请号：US13139356
申请日：2009-12-24
IPC分类号： H02H3/00
摘要： To provide a protection circuit for a load circuit which can distinguish between an overcurrent generated at a load and a rush current generated at the time of turning on a semiconductor switch or switches provided on the downstream side of the semiconductor switch and can turn the semiconductor switch off only when the overcurrent is generated to thereby protect the load circuit. A comparator CMP1 compares a detection current I1 detected by an ampere meter 15 with a threshold current Iref set in advance. When the detection current I1 reaches the threshold current Iref, the semiconductor switch 11 is turned off to thereby protect the load circuit. Further, a voltage Vd on an electric wire coupling between a battery VB and the semiconductor switch 11 is measured. When a counter electromotive force is generated and the voltage Vd reduces, the threshold current Iref is reduced according to the voltage reduction. Thus, at the time of the occurrence of a dead short, the detection current I1 immediately reaches the threshold current Iref to thereby turn the semiconductor switch 11 off. At the time of the generation of a rush current, since the detection current I1 does not reach the threshold current Iref, the generation of the erroneous turning-off can be prevented.
摘要翻译： 为了提供一种用于负载电路的保护电路，其可以区分负载产生的过电流和在接通半导体开关时产生的冲击电流或设置在半导体开关的下游侧的开关，并且可以使半导体开关 只有当产生过电流才能保护负载电路。 比较器CMP1将由安培表15检测出的检测电流I1与预先设定的阈值电流Iref进行比较。 当检测电流I1达到阈值电流Iref时，半导体开关11断开，从而保护负载电路。 此外，测量电池VB与半导体开关11之间的电线的电压Vd。 当产生反电动势并且电压Vd降低时，根据电压降低来减小阈值电流Iref。 因此，在发生无效短路时，检测电流I1立即达到阈值电流Iref，从而使半导体开关11断开。 在产生冲击电流时，由于检测电流I1没有达到阈值电流Iref，所以可以防止产生错误的关断。
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公开(公告)号：US20130249696A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-26
申请号：US13991647
申请日：2011-11-29
IPC分类号： H02H3/08
摘要： A load circuit disconnection detector includes: a current sensor (16) for detecting current flowing through a wire (W1) of a load circuit; and a protective device (100) for estimating temperature of the wire (W1) based on the detected current and forcibly turning off a semiconductor switch (Q1) if the estimated temperature of the wire reaches threshold temperature. The load circuit disconnection detector determines that there is a connection failure in the load circuit if a temperature increase calculated by a temperature calculation unit (24) is zero even a predetermined time (P1) after the semiconductor switch (Q1) is turned on.
摘要翻译： 负载电路断路检测器包括：电流传感器（16），用于检测流过负载电路的导线（W1）的电流; 以及用于基于检测到的电流来估计导线（W1）的温度并且如果线的估计温度达到阈值温度强制关闭半导体开关（Q1）的保护装置（100）。 如果在半导体开关（Q1）导通之后，即使预定时间（P1）由温度计算单元（24）计算的温度升高也为零，则负载电路断路检测器确定负载电路中存在连接故障。
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公开(公告)号：US20110228429A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-22
申请号：US13049565
申请日：2011-03-16
CPC分类号： H02H3/08 , B60N2/0232
摘要： A controller 43 turns on a semiconductor switch 41 in a normal mode, and turns off the semiconductor switch 41 in a sleep mode. A bypass resistor 5 is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switch 41. A resistance value of the bypass resister 5 is so large as that in the sleep mode, a dark current is supplied to an electronic device 3 via the bypass resistor 5, and if an electric wire downstream of the bypass resistor is short-circuited, an electric current more than a permissive current is prevented from flowing to the electric wire.
摘要翻译： 控制器43以正常模式打开半导体开关41，并且在睡眠模式下关闭半导体开关41。 旁路电阻器5并联连接到半导体开关41.旁路电阻器5的电阻值与睡眠模式中的电阻值一样大，通过旁路电阻器5向电子设备3提供暗电流，如果 旁路电阻器下游的电线短路，能够防止大于允许电流的电流流向电线。
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公开(公告)号：US06319147B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-20
申请号：US09576801
申请日：2000-05-23
申请人： Yoshihide Nakamura , Shinya Ono , Tadashi Miura
发明人： Yoshihide Nakamura , Shinya Ono , Tadashi Miura
IPC分类号： A63B5300
CPC分类号： A63B60/00 , A63B53/00 , A63B53/12 , A63B2053/005
摘要： Disclosed is an iron golf club set which comprises a plurality of golf clubs of different counts, each golf club having a steel shaft, wherein a steel shaft of a shorter golf club is set heavier than that of a longer golf club; a step formation region is provided in a position having an equal distance for all of the golf clubs from a grip end in a shaft axial direction, the step formation region having a shaft outer diameter changed in a plurality of steps therein; a specific area is set in a position having an equal distance for all of the golf clubs from a sole end of a head in the shaft axial direction, and is nearer to a grip with respect to a shaft full length in the step formation region of each golf club; and a step interval in the specific area is set narrower than that outside the specific area.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种铁高尔夫球杆组，其包括多个不同计数的高尔夫球杆，每个高尔夫球杆具有钢轴，其中较短高尔夫球杆的钢轴设置得比较长的高尔夫球杆的钢杆重; 台阶形成区域设置在从轴向方向上的握持端到所有高尔夫球杆具有相等距离的位置，台阶形成区域具有在其中的多个台阶中改变的轴外径; 特定区域被设置在从轴头方向上的头部的底端到所有高尔夫球杆具有相等距离的位置，并且在步骤形成区域中相对于轴的全长更靠近握柄 每个高尔夫俱乐部 并且将特定区域中的步进间隔设定为比特定区域以外的间隔。
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公开(公告)号：US20140247085A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14342043
申请日：2012-08-28
IPC分类号： H03K17/687
CPC分类号： H03K17/6871 , H02H3/087 , H02J1/10 , H02M1/088 , H02M2001/327
摘要： Two semiconductor switches are arranged in parallel in a load circuit for connecting a power source with a load. Further, the semiconductor switches are controlled so as to be alternately tuned on and off. As a result, since a current flows through only either of the semiconductor switches, an offset error detected by current sensors includes only an offset error of either of the semiconductor switches, the detection of current with high accuracy can be accomplished. Therefore, when performing the control of shutting off the circuit to cope with the occurrence of an overcurrent flowing through the load, the shutoff control with high accuracy can be accomplished.
摘要翻译： 两个半导体开关并联设置在用于将电源与负载连接的负载电路中。 此外，半导体开关被控制以便交替地调节开和关。 结果，由于电流仅流过半导体开关中的任一个，所以由电流传感器检测到的偏移误差仅包括半导体开关中的任一个的偏移误差，可以实现高精度的电流检测。 因此，当执行关闭电路的控制以应对流过负载的过电流的发生时，可以实现高精度的关断控制。
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公开(公告)号：US20130250463A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-26
申请号：US13989849
申请日：2011-11-18
摘要： A load circuit protective device calculates increasing temperature of wire of a load circuit with a first predetermined sampling period (dt1) determined by a clock signal for normal operation when a semiconductor relay (Q1) is on to estimate the temperature of the wire. The temperature of the wire is therefore estimated with high accuracy. Moreover, when the semiconductor relay (Q1) is off, the load circuit protective device calculates decreasing temperature of the wire of the load circuit with a second predetermined sampling period (dt2) to estimate the temperature of the wire. The second predetermined sampling period (dt2) is determined by a clock signal for power-saving operation and is longer than the first predetermined sampling period (dt1). Accordingly, the calculation times of the temperature can be reduced, and the power consumption is therefore reduced.
摘要翻译： 负载电路保护装置在半导体继电器（Q1）接通时，以正常工作的时钟信号决定的第一预定采样周期（dt1），计算负载电路的导线温度，以估计导线的温度。 因此，以高精度估计导线的温度。 此外，当半导体继电器（Q1）断开时，负载电路保护装置以第二预定采样周期（dt2）计算负载电路的导线的温度降低，以估计导线的温度。 第二预定采样周期（dt2）由用于省电操作的时钟信号确定，并且长于第一预定采样周期（dt1）。 因此，可以降低温度的计算时间，从而降低功耗。
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公开(公告)号：US08432657B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12933989
申请日：2009-02-24
申请人： Yoshihide Nakamura
发明人： Yoshihide Nakamura
摘要： A protection apparatus of a load circuit sets a threshold temperature at a lower temperature than an allowed temperature of an electric wire for use in the load circuit, and estimates a temperature of the electric wire based on an ambient temperature, a load current and a time while the load current is flowing through the electric wire. Then, in the case where the estimated temperature has reached the threshold temperature, a semiconductor relay (S1) is broken. As a result, in the case where such an electric wire temperature has risen owing to an occurrence of an overcurrent, and the like, the circuit is surely protected at the point of time before the electric wire temperature reaches the allowed temperature. Therefore, a fuse used in a conventional load circuit becomes unnecessary.
摘要翻译： 负载电路的保护装置将阈值温度设置在比用于负载电路的电线的允许温度低的温度下，并且基于环境温度，负载电流和时间来估计电线的温度 而负载电流流经电线。 然后，在估计温度达到阈值温度的情况下，半导体继电器（S1）断开。 结果，在这种电线温度由于发生过电流等而升高的情况下，电路在电线温度达到允许温度之前的时间点得到可靠保护。 因此，不需要在常规负载电路中使用的保险丝。
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公开(公告)号：US07640080B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US11783931
申请日：2007-04-13
CPC分类号： H02H7/228 , G01K3/005 , G01K7/42 , H01H2011/0068 , H01H2083/201 , H02H1/0015 , H02H5/04 , H02H6/005
摘要： A protection device protecting a load circuit by shutting off a power thereof depending on an estimated present temperature of a wire provided in the load circuit to connect a load. The protection device has a first temperature estimation device estimating a rising temperature of a conductor including the wire based on both a current in the conductor and thermal properties of the conductor, a second temperature estimation device estimating a falling temperature of the conductor based on the thermal properties, a third temperature estimation device estimating an arc-induced rising temperature of the conductor when arcing occurs in the conductor, and a fourth temperature estimation device estimating the present temperature of the conductor deduced from the above estimated temperatures. If the estimated temperature exceeds a predetermined allowable temperature, the protection device shut off the power of the load circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种保护装置，通过根据负载电路中设置的导线的估计的当前温度关闭其功率来保护负载电路以连接负载。 保护装置具有第一温度估计装置，其基于导体中的电流和导体的热特性来估计包括导线的导体的上升温度，第二温度估计装置基于热量估计导体的下降温度 属性，第三温度估计装置估计在导体中发生电弧时导体的电弧引起的上升温度，以及估计从上述估计温度推断的导体的当前温度的第四温度估计装置。 如果估计温度超过预定的允许温度，则保护装置切断负载电路的电源。
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公开(公告)号：US20070253132A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-01
申请号：US11783931
申请日：2007-04-13
IPC分类号： H02H5/04
CPC分类号： H02H7/228 , G01K3/005 , G01K7/42 , H01H2011/0068 , H01H2083/201 , H02H1/0015 , H02H5/04 , H02H6/005
摘要： A protection device protecting a load circuit by shutting off a power thereof depending on an estimated present temperature of a wire provided in the load circuit to connect a load. The protection device has a first temperature estimation device estimating a rising temperature of a conductor including the wire based on both a current in the conductor and thermal properties of the conductor, a second temperature estimation device estimating a falling temperature of the conductor based on the thermal properties, a third temperature estimation device estimating an arc-induced rising temperature of the conductor when arcing occurs in the conductor, and a fourth temperature estimation device estimating the present temperature of the conductor deduced from the above estimated temperatures. If the estimated temperature exceeds a predetermined allowable temperature, the protection device shut off the power of the load circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种保护装置，通过根据负载电路中设置的导线的估计的当前温度关闭其功率来保护负载电路以连接负载。 保护装置具有第一温度估计装置，其基于导体中的电流和导体的热特性来估计包括导线的导体的上升温度，第二温度估计装置基于热量估计导体的下降温度 属性，第三温度估计装置估计在导体中发生电弧时导体的电弧引起的上升温度，以及估计从上述估计温度推断的导体的当前温度的第四温度估计装置。 如果估计温度超过预定的允许温度，则保护装置切断负载电路的电源。
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