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公开(公告)号：US07391916B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US10442151
申请日：2003-05-21
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang
CPC分类号： H04N19/126 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/172 , H04N19/61
摘要： A quantization matrix adjusting method for quality improvement by scaling down the default quantization matrix. The adjusting method comprises the steps of: updating a used bits BB_X and an average quantizer scale Avg_Q; allocating a bit budget BB_C for a current picture; calculating an estimated quantizer scale EstQ_C according to the used bits BB_X, the average quantizer scale Avg_Q and the bit budget BB_C deciding the operation mode, when the estimated quantizer scale EstQ_C is smaller than a threshold Th_Q, assigning the operation mode as an adjusting mode, otherwise remaining at normal mode; scaling down a default quantization matrix as a new quantization matrix when the operation mode is the adjusting mode; and coding the current picture using the new quantization matrix and default quantization matrix in the adjusting mode and normal mode, respectively.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过缩小默认量化矩阵来提高质量的量化矩阵调整方法。 调整方法包括以下步骤：更新使用的比特BB_X和平均量化器比例Avg_Q; 为当前图片分配位预算BB_C; 当所估计的量化器比例EstQ_C小于阈值Th_Q时，根据所使用的比特BB_X，平均量化器比例Avg_Q和决定运作模式的比特预算BB_C计算估计量化比例EstQ_C，将该运算模式分配为调整模式， 否则保持在正常模式; 当操作模式为调整模式时，将默认量化矩阵缩小为新的量化矩阵; 并使用新的量化矩阵和默认量化矩阵分别在调整模式和正常模式下对当前图像进行编码。
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公开(公告)号：US08684579B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US13477062
申请日：2012-05-22
申请人： Wan-Li Chuang , Chien-Min Chang , Li-Jung Yu , Mei-Hsiung Tsai , Yung-Ching Chang , Ju-Chen Chiu
发明人： Wan-Li Chuang , Chien-Min Chang , Li-Jung Yu , Mei-Hsiung Tsai , Yung-Ching Chang , Ju-Chen Chiu
IPC分类号： F21V7/04
CPC分类号： H01H13/83 , G06F3/0202 , H01H2219/028 , H01H2219/056 , H01H2219/062 , H01H2229/008 , H01H2231/002
摘要： An electronic device includes a display module, a base and a keyboard module. The display module is pivoted on the base. The keyboard module is disposed on the base. The keyboard module has a plurality of keys. Each of the keys includes a main body and an imprinted structure. The main body has a top surface. The imprinted structure is disposed on the top surface of the main body and includes a light guiding portion and a light scattering portion. A light emitted by the display module illuminates the keyboard module. The light is guided towards a specific direction when the light passes through the light guiding portion, and the light is scattered in other directions when the light passes through the light scattering portion.
摘要翻译： 电子设备包括显示模块，基座和键盘模块。 显示模块在基座上枢转。 键盘模块设置在基座上。 键盘模块具有多个键。 每个键包括主体和压印结构。 主体有一个顶面。 印刷结构设置在主体的顶面上，具有导光部和光散射部。 显示模块发出的光照亮键盘模块。 当光通过导光部分时，光被引向特定方向，并且当光通过光散射部分时，光在其它方向上散射。
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公开(公告)号：US07388995B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-17
申请号：US10442280
申请日：2003-05-21
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang
CPC分类号： H04N19/14 , H04N19/126 , H04N19/172 , H04N19/176
摘要： A quantization matrix adjusting method for avoiding underflow of VBV by enlarging the default quantization matrix. The adjusting method comprises the steps of: updating a used bits BB_X and an average quantizer scale Avg_Q; allocating the bit budget BB_C for the current picture; calculating an estimated quantizer scale EstQ_C according to the used bits BB_X, the average quantizer scale Avg_Q and the bit budget BB_C; deciding the operation mode, when the estimated quantizer scale EstQ_C is larger than a threshold Th_Q, assigning the operation mode as an alert mode, otherwise remaining at normal mode; enlarging the default quantization matrix as a new quantization matrix when the operation mode is the alert mode; and coding the current picture using the new quantization matrix and default quantization matrix in the alert mode and normal mode, respectively.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过扩大默认量化矩阵来避免VBV下溢的量化矩阵调整方法。 调整方法包括以下步骤：更新使用的比特BB_X和平均量化器比例Avg_Q; 为当前图片分配比特预算BB_C; 根据所使用的位BB_X，平均量化器尺度Avg_Q和比特预算BB_C计算估计量化器尺度EstQ_C; 当估计的量化器尺度EstQ_C大于阈值Th_Q时，决定操作模式，将操作模式分配为警报模式，否则保持在正常模式; 当操作模式为警报模式时，将默认量化矩阵放大为新的量化矩阵; 并分别使用报警模式和正常模式下的新量化矩阵和默认量化矩阵对当前图像进行编码。
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4.发明授权Apparatus for constant quality rate control in video compression and target bit allocator thereof 有权用于视频压缩中的恒定质量速率控制的设备及其目标比特分配器公开(公告)号：US07373004B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-13
申请号：US10443896
申请日：2003-05-23
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang , Chia-Chieh Chen , Teng-Kai Wang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang , Chia-Chieh Chen , Teng-Kai Wang
CPC分类号： H04N19/124 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/172 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/61
摘要： An apparatus for constant quality rate control in moving picture compression. First, a total activity measure for the current picture to be encoded in a set of consecutive pictures is calculated. Based on the total activity measure of the current picture and an activity-to-complexity ratio of a previously encoded picture of the same type in the set of consecutive pictures, a complexity measure of the current picture is estimated. Thus, an instantaneous complexity measure is updated using the complexity measure and then an instantaneous rate is calculated. A target bit budget is allocated to the current picture depending on the instantaneous rate, the complexity measure and the instantaneous complexity measure. After encoding, the activity-to-complexity ratio for the just encoded picture is computed based on the total activity measure, actual bits consumed by the picture and the average of actual quantization step sizes used to encode the picture.
摘要翻译： 用于运动图像压缩的恒定质量速率控制的装置。 首先，计算在一组连续图像中编码的当前图像的总活动度量。 基于当前图像的总活动度量和连续图像集合中相同类型的先前编码图像的活动与复杂度比，估计当前图像的复杂度度量。 因此，使用复杂度测量来更新瞬时复杂度测量，然后计算瞬时速率。 目标比特预算根据瞬时速率，复杂度测量和瞬时复杂度测量分配给当前图像。 在编码之后，基于总的活动度量，由图片消耗的实际比特和用于编码图像的实际量化步长的平均值来计算刚编码的图像的活动与复杂度比。
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公开(公告)号：US07352162B1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-01
申请号：US11621519
申请日：2007-01-09
申请人： Yung Ching Chang , Yen Kuo Lo , Wen Chia Pi
发明人： Yung Ching Chang , Yen Kuo Lo , Wen Chia Pi
CPC分类号： H02M3/156 , H02M1/36 , Y10S323/901
摘要： A PWM (pulse width modulation) boost system includes a boost circuit, a voltage dividing circuit, a comparator, a PWM circuit, a pre-oscillator, and a current limit circuit. A start-up method of the PWM boost system includes (1) providing an error voltage; (2) generating a PWM signal according to the error voltage; (3) controlling a switch in a boost circuit with the PWM signal, so as to control an inductor current flowing through a boost inductor in the boost circuit; (4) charging a capacitor in the boost circuit with the inductor current, wherein charges stored in the capacitor define a DC output voltage; and (5) providing a feedback voltage according to the DC output voltage to adjust the error voltage.
摘要翻译： PWM（脉宽调制）升压系统包括升压电路，分压电路，比较器，PWM电路，预振荡器和限流电路。 PWM升压系统的启动方法包括：（1）提供误差电压; （2）根据误差电压产生PWM信号; （3）利用PWM信号控制升压电路中的开关，以控制流过升压电路中的升压电感器的电感电流; （4）利用电感器电流对升压电路中的电容器充电，其中存储在电容器中的电荷限定了DC输出电压; 和（5）根据直流输出电压提供反馈电压以调整误差电压。
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公开(公告)号：US07194031B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US10614858
申请日：2003-07-09
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang
IPC分类号： H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/194 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/14 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/152 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/37 , H04N19/61
摘要： A rate control method with region of interesting support, which coding macroblocks in a current picture with different priority. The rate control method calculates a weighted macroblock activity according to the priority and a macroblock activity and a picture activity for the current picture according to the weighted macroblock activity. Then, the method allocates a bit budget for each macroblock according to the priority and calculates an estimated complexity for the current picture according to a complexity of a previously coded picture, an activity of the previously coded picture and the weighted macroblock activity. The method also calculates an estimated quantizer scale according to the estimated complexity and the bit budget, an initial virtual buffer occupancy according to an reaction factor and the estimated quantizer scale and a macroblock quantizer scale according to a virtual buffer occupancy of a previously coded macroblock, the priority and the reaction factor. The method codes each macroblock according to the macroblock quantizer scale and updates a virtual buffer occupancy of the current coded macroblock according to a used bit of the coded macroblock, the virtual buffer occupancy of the previously coded macroblock and the bit budget of current coded macroblock.
摘要翻译： 一种具有有趣支持区域的速率控制方法，其中当前图像中的编码宏块具有不同的优先级。 速率控制方法根据加权宏块活动根据优先级和当前图像的宏块活动和图片活动来计算加权宏块活动。 然后，该方法根据优先级为每个宏块分配比特预算，并根据先前编码的图像的复杂度，先前编码的图像的活动度和加权的宏块活动来计算当前图像的估计复杂度。 该方法还根据估计的复杂度和比特预算，根据反应因子的初始虚拟缓冲器占用率和估计的量化器比例以及根据先前编码的宏块的虚拟缓冲器占用的宏块量化器量度来计算估计的量化器量表， 优先级和反应因素。 该方法根据宏块量化器标度对每个宏块进行编码，根据编码宏块的使用位，先前编码宏块的虚拟缓冲器占有率和当前编码宏块的位预算更新当前编码宏块的虚拟缓冲区占用。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for moving picture compression rate control using bit allocation with initial quantization step size estimation at picture level 有权使用比特分配运动图像压缩率控制的方法和装置，在图像级别具有初始量化步长估计公开(公告)号：US07095784B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US10412325
申请日：2003-04-14
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang , Chia-Chieh Chen , Teng-Kai Wang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang , Chia-Chieh Chen , Teng-Kai Wang
IPC分类号： H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/14 , H04N19/115 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/172
摘要： A method and apparatus for rate control in moving picture compression. Bit allocation with initial quantization step size estimation is used at picture level. With the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture to be encoded and actual complexity of previously encoded picture of the same type, a target bit budget can be allocated to the current picture in accordance with the present invention. Once the target bit budget has been determined, an initial value for an average quantization step size is estimated on the basis of the target bit budget, along with the relationship between pre-analyzed activity of current picture and actual complexity of previously coded picture. Such an initial value of the average quantization step size is useful to achieve higher picture quality at a given bit allocation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于运动图像压缩的速率控制的方法和装置。 在图像级使用具有初始量化步长估计的比特分配。 根据本发明，利用要编码的当前图像的预分析活动与相同类型的先前编码图像的实际复杂度之间的关系，可以将目标比特预算分配给当前图片。 一旦已经确定了目标比特预算，则基于目标比特预算以及当前图像的预分析活动与先前编码图像的实际复杂度之间的关系来估计平均量化步长的初始值。 这样的平均量化步长的初始值对于在给定的比特分配中实现更高的图像质量是有用的。
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公开(公告)号：US20050282361A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-22
申请号：US11167967
申请日：2005-06-27
IPC分类号： H01L21/301 , H01L21/44 , H01L23/544
CPC分类号： H01L22/32
摘要： A semiconductor wafer includes a wafer body, a plurality of analog IC dies spacedly and alignedly formed on the wafer body to define a scribe line as a margin formed between each two dies wherein each of the dies has an internal circuit formed therewithin and at least a terminal pad formed along the scribe line, and a conductive arrangement including at least a conductive element formed on the wafer body to electrically connect the terminal pad with the internal circuit of the die in such a manner that when the die is cut off from the wafer body along the scribe line, the terminal pad is cut off from the die so as to keep the internal circuit in the die.
摘要翻译： 半导体晶片包括晶片体，多个模拟IC晶体管间隔地并排成型地形成在晶片体上，以在每个两个晶片之间形成边界，形成划线，其中每一个晶片具有形成在其中的至少一个内部电路 端子焊盘，以及导电装置，其至少包括形成在晶片体上的导电元件，以使端子焊盘与芯片的内部电路电连接，使得当芯片从晶片切断时 主体沿着划线，将端子焊盘从模具切断，以将内部电路保持在模具中。
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公开(公告)号：US20050248000A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-10
申请号：US10841035
申请日：2004-05-06
IPC分类号： H01L21/301 , H01L21/44 , H01L23/544
CPC分类号： H01L22/32
摘要： A semiconductor wafer includes a wafer body, a plurality of analog IC dies spacedly and alignedly formed on the wafer body to define a scribe line as a margin formed between each two dies wherein each of the dies has an internal circuit formed therewithin and at least a terminal pad formed along the scribe line, and a conductive arrangement including at least a conductive element formed on the wafer body to electrically connect the terminal pad with the internal circuit of the die in such a manner that when the die is cut off from the wafer body along the scribe line, the terminal pad is cut off from the die so as to keep the internal circuit in the die.
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公开(公告)号：US20050008075A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-13
申请号：US10614858
申请日：2003-07-09
申请人： Yung-Ching Chang
发明人： Yung-Ching Chang
CPC分类号： H04N19/194 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/14 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/152 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/37 , H04N19/61
摘要： A rate control method with region of interesting support, which coding macroblocks in a current picture with different priority. The rate control method calculates a weighted macroblock activity according to the priority and a macroblock activity and a picture activity for the current picture according to the weighted macroblock activity. Then, the method allocates a bit budget for each macroblock according to the priority and calculates an estimated complexity for the current picture according to a complexity of a previously coded picture, an activity of the previously coded picture and the weighted macroblock activity. The method also calculates an estimated quantizer scale according to the estimated complexity and the bit budget, an initial virtual buffer occupancy according to an reaction factor and the estimated quantizer scale and a macroblock quantizer scale according to a virtual buffer occupancy of a previously coded macroblock, the priority and the reaction factor. The method codes each macroblock according to the macroblock quantizer scale and updates a virtual buffer occupancy of the current coded macroblock according to a used bit of the coded macroblock, the virtual buffer occupancy of the previously coded macroblock and the bit budget of current coded macroblock.
摘要翻译： 一种具有有趣支持区域的速率控制方法，其中当前图像中的编码宏块具有不同的优先级。 速率控制方法根据加权宏块活动根据优先级和当前图像的宏块活动和图片活动来计算加权宏块活动。 然后，该方法根据优先级为每个宏块分配比特预算，并根据先前编码的图像的复杂度，先前编码的图像的活动度和加权的宏块活动来计算当前图像的估计复杂度。 该方法还根据估计的复杂度和比特预算，根据反应因子的初始虚拟缓冲器占用和估计的量化器比例以及根据先前编码的宏块的虚拟缓冲器占用的宏块量化器量度来计算估计的量化器量表， 优先级和反应因素。 该方法根据宏块量化器标度对每个宏块进行编码，根据编码宏块的使用位，先前编码宏块的虚拟缓冲器占有率和当前编码宏块的位预算更新当前编码宏块的虚拟缓冲区占用。
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