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    Optical systems and associated detecting means
    1.
    发明授权
    Optical systems and associated detecting means 失效

    公开(公告)号：US3903412A

    公开(公告)日：1975-09-02

    申请号：US9088561

    申请日：1961-02-21

    Applicant: AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP

    Inventor： SIMPSON GEORGE R ,  COLE HENRY B

    IPC: G02B13/06 ,  G02B23/00 ,  G01J1/20

    CPC classification number: G02B13/06 ,  G02B19/0028 ,  G02B19/008 ,  G02B23/00

    Abstract: 1. In combination an opaque main supporting housing and a combined light-collecting and detecting system disposed within and surrounded by said main housing at a location intermediate its spaced opposite ends, said combined system comprising a single set of similar relatively small peripherally arranged light apertures in side wall portions of said main housing and appreciably spaced from each other in such a predetermined manner as to have each light aperture face outwardly in a different azimuthal direction, and jointly simultaneously admitting into said housing light from all parts of two different predetermined endless annular object fields outwardly of said housing and in concentric relation to a longitudinal axis extending centrally through said housing, a pair of relatively small photosensitive detecting elements disposed respectively at spaced axial locations in said main housing and each being arranged to detect any appreciable change in light intensity occurring at any location in the respective endless annular object field associated therewith, a pair of optical systems associated with each light aperture, and each optically aligned with a respective one of said spaced detecting elements, and each of said optical systems comprising a plurality of specularly reflecting surfaces including a plane surface and a curved surface in optical alignment with each other, said plane surface being positioned within said housing in a plane substantially parallel to the light aperture associated therewith and at a location substantially midway between the aperture associated therewith and said central longitudinal axis, said curved surface being a concavely curved surface having its center of curvature disposed substantially upon said longitudinal axis, said plane surface being so disposed in said housing and relative to the light aperture associated therewith as to intercept substantially all of the light rays from the object field aligned therewith which enter said housing, and to reflect same toward said curved surface, and said curved surface being so disposed in said system as to receive said reflected light rays and direct same inwardly as a convergent bundle of light rays generally toward the detecting element associated therewith, and a pair of positive lens elements centrally disposed within said housing, and each in optical contact with one of said detecting elements so as to collect the light rays travelling beyond the curved surface aligned therewith and to direct same onto said detecting element associated therewith.

    Optical means for production of laser emission
    2.
    发明授权
    Optical means for production of laser emission 失效
    用于生产激光发射的光学手段

    公开(公告)号：US3566300A

    公开(公告)日：1971-02-23

    申请号：US3566300D

    申请日：1962-01-31

    Applicant: AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP

    Inventor： SIMPSON GEORGE R ,  KOESTER CHARLES J ,  SNITZER ELIAS

    IPC: H01S3/093 ,  H01S3/02

    CPC classification number: H01S3/093

    Abstract: 1. A DEVICE FOR USE IN A LASER ASSEMBLY, SAID DEVICE COMPRISING A LASER COMPONENT OF PREDETERMINED LENGTH AND CROSS-SECTIONAL SIZE AND FORMED OF AN ACTIVE LASER MATERIAL, REFRACTING OPTICAL MEANS INCLUDING A REFRACTING LENS ELEMENT IN OPTICAL ALIGNMENT WITH AND IN INTIMATE OPTICAL CONTACT WITH AN END WALL OF SAID LASER COMPONENT, SAID REFRACTIVE LENS ELEMENT HAVING A SPHERICALLY CURVED FRONT SURFACE OF SUCH PREDETERMINED CONVEX CURVATURE AS TO RECEIVE A CONVERGENT BEAM OF PUMPING LIGHT OF LARGE PREDETERMINED ANGULAR VALUE AND HIGH FLUX DENSITY AND DIRECT SAME AT INCREASED FLUX DENSITY INTO SAID END OF SAID LASER COMPONENT, A FIRST HIGHLY REFLECTING COATING UPON THE FRONT OF SAID REFRACTING LENS ELEMENT ADJACENT THE VERTEX THEREOF, AND A SECOND HIGHLY REFLECTING COATING UPON THE END OF SAID LASER COMPONENT REMOTE FROM SAID LENS ELEMENT, SAID FIRST AND SECOND COATINGS BEING IN FACING RELATION TO EACH OTHER SO AS TO FORM AN OPTICAL RESONANT CAVITY THEREBETWEEN, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID COATINGS HAVING A RELATIVELY SMALL AMOUNT OF TRANSMISSION SO AS TO ALLOW LASER LIGHT DURING LASER ACTION TO PASS OUTWARDLY THERETHROUGH.

    Optical systems and associated detecting means
    5.
    发明授权
    Optical systems and associated detecting means 失效

    公开(公告)号：US3866037A

    公开(公告)日：1975-02-11

    申请号：US69889657

    申请日：1957-11-22

    Applicant: AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP

    Inventor： SIMPSON GEORGE R

    IPC: G02B17/08 ,  G02B23/12 ,  H01J3/14

    CPC classification number: G02B23/12 ,  G02B19/0028 ,  G02B19/008

    Abstract: 1. An opaque main supporting housing and a light-collecting and detecting system disposed within said supporting housing and intermediate the spaced opposite ends thereof, said housing surrounding said light-collecting and detecting system and said system being arranged to simultaneously view through light apertures in side wall portions of said housing all parts of a first and a second predetermined generally conically-shaped endless annular object field outwardly of said housing and in concentric relation to a central longitudinal axis of said housing, said system comprising a single photosensitive detecting element for detecting any appreciable change in light intensity which occurs in any part of either object field, said detecting element being of relatively small predetermined size and disposed at a fixed location in said housing and upon said longitudinal axis, a first group and a second group of similar light apertures arranged in longitudinally spaced relation to each other in side wall portions of said housing, and the light apertures of each group being arranged in circumferentially spaced relation, each light aperture being of relatively small dimensions both in the longitudinal and circumferential directions thereof, and separated from adjacent apertures of the same group by side wall portions of said housing of appreciably greater circumferential dimension, the light apertures of said first group being arranged to face outwardly at a first predetermined look angle relative to said longitudinal axis toward different predetermined sectors, respectively, of said first object field, and the light apertures of said second group being arranged to face outwardly at a second predetermined look angle relative to said longitudinal axis toward different predetermined sectors, respectively, of said second object field, each light aperture of each group being of such a shape as to admit into the interior of said housing light from all parts of the predetermined sector aligned therewith, the circumferential spacing between adjacent apertures of each group and the angular field of view of each aperture of the same group being so related as to allow all of the apertures of the same group to jointly simultaneously admit into said housing light from all parts of the endless annular object field aligned therewith, said light-collecting and detecting system also comprising optical means for receiving and directing the light energy which enters said housing through said apertures from all azimuths of all sectors of both endless annular object fields onto said photosensitive detecting element, said optical means comprising a first plurality and a second plurality of unitary optical systems, with each unitary optical system of said first plurality optically aligned with a different respective light aperture of said first group and with said detecting element, and with each unitary optical system of said second plurality optically aligned with a different respective light aperture of said second group and with said detecting element, and each of said unitary optical systems being disposed in said housing so as to focus upon said detecting element and form a real image of said detecting element at the plane of the light aperture aligned therewith, each optical system comprising a plurality of optical components hAving spaced optical surfaces thereon including a first optical surface for collecting substantially all of the light from the object field which enters the light aperture aligned therewith and for directing substantially all of the light so collected toward a second optical surface on said components, said second optical surface being a positive surface for receiving substantially all of said light and directing same as a focused beam onto said single photosensitive detecting element.

    Optical systems and associated detecting means
    7.
    发明授权
    Optical systems and associated detecting means 失效

    公开(公告)号：US3864566A

    公开(公告)日：1975-02-04

    申请号：US68506257

    申请日：1957-09-18

    Applicant: AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP

    Inventor： SIMPSON GEORGE R ,  MACNEILLE STEPHEN M

    IPC: G02B17/02 ,  G02B23/00 ,  H04J3/14

    CPC classification number: G02B23/00 ,  G02B19/0028 ,  G02B19/008

    Abstract: 1. An opaque main supporting housing and a said light-collecting and detecting system disposed within said main supporting housing at a location intermediate the spaced opposite ends thereof said housing surrounding said light-collecting and detecting system and said system being arranged to simultaneously view from said location all parts of a predetermined endless annular object field outwardly of said main housing and in concentric relation to a longitudinal axis extending centrally through said housing, said system comprising a single photosensitive detecting element of relatively small predetermined size disposed at a fixed axial location in said main housing for detecting any appreciable change in light intensity occurring in any part of said object field, a plurality of similar light apertures circumferentially arranged in side wall portions of said housing, said light apertures being appreciably spaced from one another in said wall portions and with said wall portions between each pair of adjacent light apertures being of substantially equal size, each of said light apertures being of relatively small dimensions considered in both the axial and circumferential directions of said housing, and each being arranged in like angular relation to said longitudinal axis at said fixed axial location, whereby each of said light apertures will be disposed so as to face outwardy toward a different predetermined sector of said endless angular object field, each light aperture being formed so as to view a sector of appreciable circumferential angular value, and to admit into said housing light from all parts of the sector aligned therewith, and all of said light apertures being so disposed relative to each other in said housing as to jointly simultaneously admit into said housing light from all parts of said endless annular object field, a plurality of optical systems within said housing, each of said optical systems being optically aligned with a different one of said light apertures, respectively, and with said photosensitive detecting element, and each of said optical systems comprising means providing a plurality of spaced optical surfaces including means having an optical surface for collecting substantially all of the light from said object field which enters the light aperture aligned therewith and for directing substantially all of the light so collected toward means providing a second optical surface, said second optical surface being a positive optical surface disposed so as to receive substantially all of said light and direct same as a convergent beam onto said photosensitive detecting element.

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