摘要:
A process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein an aqueous leaching solution containing bromine and bromide ion contacts a precious metal source to produce an aqueous leachate. A precursor composition for producing an aqueous leaching solution for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium. A process for electrogenerating bromine and a process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein bromine is electrogenerated and contacts a precious metal source to produce an aqueous leachate. A process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein bromine is electrogenerated from a solution containing chloride ions and bromide ions.
摘要:
A process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein an aqueous leaching solution containing bromine and bromide ion contacts a precious metal source to produce an aqueous leachate. A precursor composition for producing an aqueous leaching solution for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium. A process for electrogenerating bromine and a process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein bromine is electrogenerated and contacts a precious metal source to produce an aqueous leachate. A process for leaching gold, silver, platinum and palladium wherein bromine is electrogenerated from a solution containing chloride ions and bromide ions.
摘要:
Methods and compositions for generating stable, residual disinfectants during the ozonization of water, comprising the carrying out the ozonization of water in the presence of bromide ions and an effective amount of a hypobromite ion scavenger possessing imide and/or amide functionality that preferentially converts hypobromite ions to biocidal, ozone-stable derivatives thereof to thereby suppress the catalytic decomposition reaction of ozone with hypobromite ions. The methods and compositions of the present invention are useful for water disinfection and algae control, generally.
摘要:
Methods and compositions for generating stable, residual disinfectants during the ozonization of water, comprising the carrying out the ozonization of water in the presence of bromide ions and an effective amount of a hypobromite ion scavenger possessing imide and/or amide functionality that preferentially converts hypobromite ions to biocidal, ozone-stable derivatives thereof to thereby suppress the catalytic decomposition reaction of ozone with hypobromite ions. The methods and compositions of the present invention are useful for water disinfection and algae control, generally.
摘要:
A process for recovering bromine from an acidic solution containing bromide ion. Electric current is passed through the acidic solution between an anode and a cathode, thereby generating bromine by electrolysis at the anode to produce an electrolyzate containing bromine. Bromine is separated from the electrolyzate as a vapor under negative pressure. The bromide ion solution may be contaminated with organic material. An electrolytic process for producing a hypobromous acid solution. An electrolytic cell.
摘要:
Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.
摘要:
Methods of analyzing low levels of peroxyacetic acid (PAA) in water are described. These methods employ buffering the PAA-containing water and the use of a N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) indicator system in the presence of iodide ion. The intensity of the pink coloration that develops is quantitated by colorimetric or titrimetric methods and correlated to the ppm PAA in the water. Positive interference effects due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide are eliminated by performing the analyses quickly after the introduction of the reagents.
摘要:
Methods for treating poultry during processing for increasing the weight of the poultry are disclosed. The methods may be performed in a chill tank or other reservoir and utilize either equilibrium peracetic acid or non-equilibrium peracetic acid. The non-equilibrium peracetic acid may be prepared from hydrogen peroxide and a liquid acetyl precursor, such as triacetin. The methods comprise contacting a poultry carcass with peracetic acid-containing water at a pH of about 6 to about 9. The methods result in an increase in the weight of the processed products and an increase in a processing plant's percent yield of the processed products.
摘要:
Methods for treating poultry to increase the weight of the poultry are disclosed. The methods may be performed in a chill tank or other reservoir and utilize hypobromous acid from either aqueous hydrogen bromide or aqueous sodium bromide and a source of hypochlorite. The methods comprise contacting a poultry carcass with the hypobromous acid-containing water at a pH of about 6.5 to about 10. The methods result in an increase in the weight of the processed poultry products.
摘要:
Methods for treating poultry to increase the weight of the poultry are disclosed. The methods may be performed in a chill tank or other reservoir and utilize hypobromous acid from either aqueous hydrogen bromide or aqueous sodium bromide and a source of hypochlorite. The methods comprise contacting a poultry carcass with the hypobromous acid-containing water at a pH of about 6.5 to about 10. The methods result in an increase in the weight of the processed poultry products.