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1.发明授权Microchip and wedge ion funnels and planar ion beam analyzers using same 有权Microchip和楔形离子漏斗以及使用其的平面离子束分析仪公开(公告)号：US08299443B1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-30
申请号：US13087100
申请日：2011-04-14
CPC分类号： H01J49/0018 , H01J49/066
摘要： Electrodynamic ion funnels confine, guide, or focus ions in gases using the Dehmelt potential of oscillatory electric field. New funnel designs operating at or close to atmospheric gas pressure are described. Effective ion focusing at such pressures is enabled by fields of extreme amplitude and frequency, allowed in microscopic gaps that have much higher electrical breakdown thresholds in any gas than the macroscopic gaps of present funnels. The new microscopic-gap funnels are useful for interfacing atmospheric-pressure ionization sources to mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility separation (IMS) stages including differential IMS or FAIMS, as well as IMS and MS stages in various configurations. In particular, “wedge” funnels comprising two planar surfaces positioned at an angle and wedge funnel traps derived therefrom can compress ion beams in one dimension, producing narrow belt-shaped beams and laterally elongated cuboid packets. This beam profile reduces the ion density and thus space-charge effects, mitigating the adverse impact thereof on the resolving power, measurement accuracy, and dynamic range of MS and IMS analyzers, while a greater overlap with coplanar light or particle beams can benefit spectroscopic methods.
摘要翻译： 电动离子漏斗使用振荡电场的Dehmelt电位限制，引导或聚焦气体中的离子。 描述了处于或接近大气压力的新漏斗设计。 在这种压力下的有效离子聚焦是通过极大幅度和频率的场来实现的，微观间隙允许在任何气体中具有比当前漏斗的宏观间隙高得多的电击穿阈值。 新的微间隙漏斗可用于将大气压电离源与包括差分IMS或FAIMS的质谱（MS）和离子迁移率分离（IMS）阶段以及各种配置的IMS和MS阶段进行接口。 特别地，包括两个定位在一个角度的平坦表面的楔形漏斗和从其衍生的楔形漏斗捕获器可以在一个维度上压缩离子束，产生窄的带状波束和横向细长的长方体分组。 这种光束轮廓降低了离子密度，从而降低了空间电荷效应，减轻了MS和IMS分析仪的分辨率，测量精度和动态范围的不利影响，而与共面光或粒子束的更大重叠可有利于光谱方法 。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120261570A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-18
申请号：US13087100
申请日：2011-04-14
CPC分类号： H01J49/0018 , H01J49/066
摘要： Electrodynamic on funnels confine, guide, or focus ions in gases using the Dehmelt potential of oscillatory electric field. New funnel designs operating at or close to atmospheric gas pressure are described. Effective on focusing at such pressures is enabled by fields of extreme amplitude and frequency, allowed in microscopic gaps that have much higher electrical breakdown thresholds in any gas than the macroscopic gaps of present funnels. The new microscopic-gap funnels are useful for interfacing atmospheric-pressure ionization sources to mass spectrometry (MS) and on mobility separation (IMS) stages including differential IMS or FAIMS, as well as IMS and MS stages in various configurations. In particular, “wedge” funnels comprising two planar surfaces positioned at an angle and wedge funnel traps derived therefrom can compress on beams in one dimension, producing narrow belt-shaped beams and laterally elongated cuboid packets. This beam profile reduces the ion density and thus space-charge effects, mitigating the adverse impact thereof on the resolving power, measurement accuracy, and dynamic range of MS and IMS analyzers, while a greater overlap with coplanar light or particle beams can benefit spectroscopic methods.
摘要翻译： 使用振荡电场的Dehmelt电位限制，引导或聚焦气体中的离子电磁力。 描述了处于或接近大气压力的新漏斗设计。 在这种压力下聚焦的有效性可以通过极大幅度和频率的场来实现，在微观间隙中允许在任何气体中具有比当前漏斗的宏观间隙高得多的电击穿阈值。 新的微间隙漏斗可用于将大气压电离源与质谱（MS）和移动性分离（IMS）阶段（包括差分IMS或FAIMS）以及各种配置的IMS和MS阶段进行接口。 特别地，包括两个平坦的表面定位成角度的楔形漏斗和从其衍生的楔形漏斗捕获器可以在一个维度上的波束上压缩，产生窄的带状波束和横向细长的长方体分组。 这种光束轮廓降低了离子密度，从而降低了空间电荷效应，减轻了MS和IMS分析仪的分辨率，测量精度和动态范围的不利影响，而与共面光或粒子束的更大重叠可有利于光谱方法 。
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公开(公告)号：US07449683B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-11
申请号：US11237523
申请日：2005-09-28
IPC分类号： B01D59/44
CPC分类号： G01N27/624
摘要： The present invention relates generally to separation of ions based on their transport properties. More particularly, the invention relates to separation of ionic mixtures and characterization of ions in gases using higher-order differential ion mobility spectrometry (HODIMS) enabled by asymmetric waveforms of fundamentally new types. The invention discloses a method and apparatus for separation of ionic mixtures and characterization, identification, or quantification of ions in a gas based substantially on the terms of third or higher order in a series expansion of ion mobility as a function of electric field intensity. This is achieved using a periodic, time-dependent electric field with novel waveform profiles that cancel or substantially reduce the contributions to time-averaged ion motion of the leading n (where n≧2) terms of that expansion, thereby achieving ion separations based substantially on the (n+1)th term. Separations using HODIMS with different n are expected to be highly orthogonal, enabling multidimensional separations employing HODIMS analyzers of different orders. The expected high orthogonality between HODIMS and mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry would make HODIMS/MS and HODIMS/IMS combinations powerful analytical tools of broad utility.
摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及基于它们的运输特性分离离子。 更具体地，本发明涉及离子混合物的分离和使用通过基本上新型的不对称波形实现的高阶差分离子迁移谱（HODIMS）的气体中的离子表征。 本发明公开了一种用于分离离子混合物的方法和装置，并且基于离子迁移率的串联扩展作为电场强度的函数，基本上以三阶或更高阶的项为基础来表征，鉴定或定量气体中的离子。 这是使用具有新颖波形分布的周期性，时间依赖性电场来实现的，其消除或基本上减少对该扩展的前导n（其中n≥2）项的时间平均离子运动的贡献，由此实现基于离子分离 基本上在第（n + 1）项。 使用具有不同n的HODIMS的分离预计将具有高度正交性，可以使用具有不同阶数的HODIMS分析仪进行多维分离。 HODIMS和质谱法或离子迁移光谱法之间预期的高正交性将使HODIMS / MS和HODIMS / IMS组合成为强大的广泛应用的分析工具。
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4.发明申请METHOD FOR ENHANCING THE RESOLVING POWER OF ION MOBILITY SEPARATIONS OVER A LIMITED MOBILITY RANGE 有权提高移动能力分离功能的方法，有限的移动范围公开(公告)号：US20130299690A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-14
申请号：US13861511
申请日：2013-04-12
IPC分类号： H01J49/00
CPC分类号： H01J49/0031 , G01N27/622
摘要： A method for raising the resolving power, specificity, and peak capacity of conventional ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. Ions are separated in a dynamic electric field comprising an oscillatory field wave and opposing static field, or at least two counter propagating waves with different parameters (amplitude, profile, frequency, or speed). As the functional dependencies of mean drift velocity on the ion mobility in a wave and static field or in unequal waves differ, only single species is equilibrated while others drift in either direction and are mobility-separated. An ion mobility spectrum over a limited range is then acquired by measuring ion drift times through a fixed distance inside the gas-filled enclosure. The resolving power in the vicinity of equilibrium mobility substantially exceeds that for known traveling-wave or drift-tube IMS separations, with spectra over wider ranges obtainable by stitching multiple segments. The approach also enables low-cutoff, high-cutoff, and bandpass ion mobility filters.
摘要翻译： 公开了提高常规离子迁移光谱法的分辨能力，特异性和峰值能力的方法。 离子在包括振荡场波和相对静电场的动态电场中分离，或至少两个具有不同参数（幅度，分布，频率或速度）的反向传播波。 由于平均漂移速度对波和静电场或不相等波的离子迁移率的功能依赖性不同，只有单个物质平衡，而其他物质在任一方向上漂移并且是迁移率分离的。 然后通过在充满气体的外壳内的固定距离测量离子漂移时间来获得在有限范围内的离子迁移谱。 在平衡迁移附近的分辨能力基本上超过已知的行波或漂移管IMS分离的分辨能力，其中可以通过缝合多个段获得更宽范围的光谱。 该方法还可实现低截止，高截止和带通离子迁移率滤波器。
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5.发明申请PLATFORM FOR FIELD ASYMMETRIC WAVEFORM ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY WITH ION PROPULSION MODES EMPLOYING GAS FLOW AND ELECTRIC FIELD 有权用于采用气体流动和电场的离子推进模式的场非对称波形离子移动光谱的平台公开(公告)号：US20100207022A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-19
申请号：US12690818
申请日：2010-01-20
CPC分类号： G01N27/624
摘要： A differential ion mobility spectrometry or field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) platform is disclosed that utilizes both gas flow and electric field, consecutively or simultaneously, to move ions through the analytical gap. The consecutive combination of flow and field enables rapid and flexible switching of the FAIMS stage “on” (for ion separation) and “off” (for high non-selective transmission) with no hardware modifications. This capability is needed for effective use of multidimensional instrument systems that couple FAIMS to mass spectrometry and/or conventional ion mobility spectrometry. The joint application of flow and field allows controlling the discrimination against high-mobility ions, maximizing it to remove the chemical noise or minimizing it to make the analyses of complex samples more predictable and uniform.
摘要翻译： 公开了差分离子迁移谱或场非对称波形离子迁移谱（FAIMS）平台，其利用气流和电场连续或同时地将离子移动通过分析间隙。 流程和现场的连续组合使得无需硬件修改即可快速灵活地切换FAIMS阶段（离子分离）和“关闭”（用于高非选择性传输）。 需要这种能力来有效利用将FAIMS耦合到质谱和/或常规离子迁移谱的多维仪器系统。 流量和场的联合应用允许控制对高迁移率离子的鉴别，使其最大化以消除化学噪声或使其最小化，使得复杂样品的分析更可预测和均匀。
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6.发明授权Device for two-dimensional gas-phase separation and characterization of ion mixtures 有权用于二维气相分离和表征离子混合物的装置公开(公告)号：US07148474B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US11103984
申请日：2005-04-11
CPC分类号： G01N27/624 , H01J49/004
摘要： The present invention relates to a device for separation and characterization of gas-phase ions. The device incorporates an ion source, a field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) analyzer, an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) drift tube, and an ion detector. In one aspect of the invention, FAIMS operating voltages are electrically floated on top of the IMS drift voltage. In the other aspect, the FAIMS/IMS interface is implemented employing an electrodynamic ion funnel, including in particular an hourglass ion funnel. The present invention improves the efficiency (peak capacity) and sensitivity of gas-phase separations; the online FAIMS/IMS coupling creates a fundamentally novel two-dimensional gas-phase separation technology with high peak capacity, specificity, and exceptional throughput.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及气相离子的分离和表征装置。 该装置包括离子源，场非对称波形离子迁移谱（FAIMS）分析仪，离子迁移谱（IMS）漂移管和离子检测器。 在本发明的一个方面，FAIMS工作电压在IMS漂移电压的顶部被浮动。 另一方面，使用电动离子漏斗实现FAIMS / IMS接口，特别包括沙漏离子漏斗。 本发明提高气相分离的效率（峰值容量）和灵敏度; 在线FAIMS / IMS耦合产生了具有高峰值容量，特异性和卓越吞吐量的基本上新颖的二维气相分离技术。
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7.发明授权Platform for field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry with ion propulsion modes employing gas flow and electric field 有权具有采用气流和电场的离子推进模式的场非对称波形离子迁移谱的平台公开(公告)号：US08263930B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US12690818
申请日：2010-01-20
IPC分类号： H01J49/40
CPC分类号： G01N27/624
摘要： A differential ion mobility spectrometry or field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) platform is disclosed that utilizes both gas flow and electric field, consecutively or simultaneously, to move ions through the analytical gap. The consecutive combination of flow and field enables rapid and flexible switching of the FAIMS stage “on” (for ion separation) and “off” (for high non-selective transmission) with no hardware modifications. This capability is needed for effective use of multidimensional instrument systems that couple FAIMS to mass spectrometry and/or conventional ion mobility spectrometry. The joint application of flow and field allows controlling the discrimination against high-mobility ions, maximizing it to remove the chemical noise or minimizing it to make the analyses of complex samples more predictable and uniform.
摘要翻译： 公开了差分离子迁移谱或场非对称波形离子迁移谱（FAIMS）平台，其利用气流和电场连续或同时地将离子移动通过分析间隙。 流程和现场的连续组合使得无需硬件修改即可快速灵活地切换FAIMS阶段（离子分离）和“关闭”（用于高非选择性传输）。 需要这种能力来有效利用将FAIMS耦合到质谱和/或常规离子迁移谱的多维仪器系统。 流量和场的联合应用允许控制对高迁移率离子的鉴别，使其最大化以消除化学噪声或使其最小化，使得复杂样品的分析更可预测和均匀。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for ion mobility spectrometry with alignment of dipole direction (IMS-ADD) 有权用于偶极方向对准的离子迁移光谱法的方法和装置（IMS-ADD）公开(公告)号：US07170053B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-30
申请号：US11097855
申请日：2005-03-31
IPC分类号： H01J49/40
CPC分类号： G01N27/624 , H01J49/004 , H01J49/40
摘要： Techniques and instrumentation are described for analyses of substances, including complex samples/mixtures that require separation prior to characterization of individual components. A method is disclosed for separation of ion mixtures and identification of ions, including protein and other macromolecular ions and their different structural isomers. Analyte ions are not free to rotate during the separation, but are substantially oriented with respect to the drift direction. Alignment is achieved by applying, at a particular angle to the drift field, a much stronger alternating electric field that “locks” the ion dipoles with moments exceeding a certain value. That value depends on the buffer gas composition, pressure, and temperature, but may be as low as ˜3 Debye under certain conditions. The presently disclosed method measures the direction-specific cross-sections that provide the structural information complementing that obtained from known methods, and, when coupled to those methods, increases the total peak capacity and specificity of gas-phase separations. Simultaneous 2-D separations by direction-specific cross sections along and orthogonally to the ion dipole direction are also possible.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于分析物质的技术和仪器，包括在表征单个组分之前需要分离的复杂样品/混合物。 公开了用于分离离子混合物和鉴定离子的方法，包括蛋白质和其它大分子离子及其不同的结构异构体。 分离离子在分离期间不能自由旋转，而是基本上相对于漂移方向取向。 通过以特定的角度对漂移场施加更强的交变电场来实现对准，所述交变电场通过超过一定值的力矩“锁定”离子偶极子。 该值取决于缓冲气体组成，压力和温度，但在某些条件下可能低至〜3德拜。 目前公开的方法测量提供与已知方法获得的结构信息互补的方向特异性横截面，并且当与这些方法耦合时，增加气相分离的总峰容量和特异性。 沿垂直于离子偶极方向的方向特定横截面同时进行2-D分离也是可能的。
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公开(公告)号：US06967325B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10933661
申请日：2004-09-02
CPC分类号： H01J49/066 , G01N27/622 , H01J49/40
摘要： A method and apparatus enabling increased sensitivity in ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry instruments which substantially reduces or eliminates the loss of ions in ion mobility spectrometer drift tubes utilizing a device for transmitting ions from an ion source which allows the transmission of ions without significant delay to an hourglass electrodynamic ion funnel at the entrance to the drift tube and/or an internal ion funnel at the exit of the drift tube. An hourglass electrodynamic funnel is formed of at least an entry element, a center element, and an exit element, wherein the aperture of the center element is smaller than the aperture of the entry element and the aperture of the exit elements. Ions generated in a relatively high pressure region by an ion source at the exterior of the hourglass electrodynamic funnel are transmitted to a relatively low pressure region at the entrance of the hourglass funnel through a conductance limiting orifice. Alternating and direct electrical potentials are applied to the elements of the hourglass electrodynamic funnel thereby drawing ions into and through the hourglass electrodynamic funnel thereby introducing relatively large quantities of ions into the drift tube while maintaining the gas pressure and composition at the interior of the drift tube as distinct from those at the entrance of the electrodynamic funnel and allowing a positive gas pressure to be maintained within the drift tube, if desired. An internal ion funnel is provided within the drift tube and is positioned at the exit of said drift tube. The advantage of the internal ion funnel is that ions that are dispersed away from the exit aperture within the drift tube, such as those that are typically lost in conventional drift tubes to any subsequent analysis or measurement, are instead directed through the exit of the drift tube, vastly increasing the amount of ions exiting the drift tube.
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10.发明授权Method for enhancing the resolving power of ion mobility separations over a limited mobility range 有权在有限的迁移率范围内提高离子迁移率分离的分辨能力的方法公开(公告)号：US08841608B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-23
申请号：US13861511
申请日：2013-04-12
CPC分类号： H01J49/0031 , G01N27/622
摘要： A method for raising the resolving power, specificity, and peak capacity of conventional ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. Ions are separated in a dynamic electric field comprising an oscillatory field wave and opposing static field, or at least two counter propagating waves with different parameters (amplitude, profile, frequency, or speed). As the functional dependencies of mean drift velocity on the ion mobility in a wave and static field or in unequal waves differ, only single species is equilibrated while others drift in either direction and are mobility-separated. An ion mobility spectrum over a limited range is then acquired by measuring ion drift times through a fixed distance inside the gas-filled enclosure. The resolving power in the vicinity of equilibrium mobility substantially exceeds that for known traveling-wave or drift-tube IMS separations, with spectra over wider ranges obtainable by stitching multiple segments. The approach also enables low-cutoff, high-cutoff, and bandpass ion mobility filters.
摘要翻译： 公开了提高常规离子迁移光谱法的分辨能力，特异性和峰值能力的方法。 离子在包括振荡场波和相对静电场的动态电场中分离，或至少两个具有不同参数（幅度，分布，频率或速度）的反向传播波。 由于平均漂移速度对波和静电场或不相等波的离子迁移率的功能依赖性不同，只有单个物质平衡，而其他物质在任一方向上漂移并且是迁移率分离的。 然后通过在充满气体的外壳内的固定距离测量离子漂移时间来获得在有限范围内的离子迁移谱。 在平衡迁移附近的分辨能力基本上超过已知的行波或漂移管IMS分离的分辨能力，其中可以通过缝合多个段获得更宽范围的光谱。 该方法还可实现低截止，高截止和带通离子迁移率滤波器。
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