公开(公告)号：US5735125A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US589420

申请日：1996-01-22

申请人： Anatoly O. Tarelin ,  Volodymyr P. Skliarov ,  Yury I. Serhienko ,  Oleh Weres

发明人： Anatoly O. Tarelin ,  Volodymyr P. Skliarov ,  Yury I. Serhienko ,  Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： F01K13/02 ,  F28B1/02 ,  F28F13/16 ,  F01B31/16

CPC分类号： F28B1/02 ,  F28F13/16

摘要： Drops of water in wet steam exiting a steam turbine are electrically charged. When exposed to a sufficiently strong electric field produced by suitably disposed electrodes (34,85), the electrically charged water drops disintegrate into numerous small droplets, which serve as nuclei for internal condensation. Supersaturation of the steam is decreased, thereby decreasing the amount of water in the vapor phase, the condenser pressure, and the turbine backpressure. Electrostatic forces acting upon the charged water droplets decrease turbulence in the wet steam flow, further decreasing backpressure. The result is an increase in energy conversion efficiency and power output at constant fuel rate. A method and device for providing this beneficial result are provided.

摘要翻译： 离开蒸汽轮机的湿蒸汽中的水滴带电。 当暴露于由合适设置的电极（34,85）产生的足够强的电场时，带电的水滴将分解成许多小液滴，其用作内部冷凝的核。 蒸汽的过饱和度降低，从而减少气相中的水量，冷凝器压力和涡轮背压。 作用在带电水滴上的静电力降低湿蒸汽流中的湍流，进一步降低背压。 结果是在恒定燃料速率下能量转换效率和功率输出的增加。 提供了一种用于提供这种有益结果的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US08650876B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

申请号：US13050843

申请日：2011-03-17

申请人： Oleh Weres

发明人： Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： F03G7/00 ,  F01K9/00 ,  C01B17/02 ,  C02F1/00

CPC分类号： B01D53/526 ,  B01D3/10 ,  B01D19/0036 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y02P70/34

摘要： Ammonia sometimes present in geothermal steam increases the solubility of hydrogen sulfide in the steam condensate produced by the surface condenser in a steam cycle geothermal power generating unit by reacting with the hydrogen sulfide to produce nonvolatile ammonium bisulfide. The condenser vent gas also produced contains carbon dioxide. Contacting the steam condensate with the condenser vent gas at a pressure slightly greater than atmospheric causes carbon dioxide to dissolve in the condensate, decreasing pH and converting bisulfide ion back to hydrogen sulfide. Subsequently exposing the acidified condensate to condenser vacuum strips the hydrogen sulfide from the condensate, eliminating the need for further chemical treatment of the condensate to prevent air pollution. Hydrogen sulfide partitioning performance is further improved by converting the hydrogen sulfide in the vent gas to sulfur dioxide before contacting it with the condensate.

摘要翻译： 有时存在于地热蒸汽中的氨通过与硫化氢反应产生不挥发性二硫化硫，增加了蒸汽循环地热发电装置中由表面冷凝器产生的蒸汽冷凝物中硫化氢的溶解度。 还生产的冷凝器排放气体含有二氧化碳。 将蒸汽冷凝物与冷凝器排放气体以略大于大气压力接触使二氧化碳溶解在冷凝物中，降低pH值并将二硫化物离子转化回硫化氢。 随后将酸化的冷凝物暴露于冷凝器真空，从冷凝物中分离出硫化氢，从而无需进一步化学处理冷凝物，以防止空气污染。 在将其与冷凝物接触之前，将排气中的硫化氢转化为二氧化硫，进一步提高硫化氢分配性能。

公开(公告)号：US06589405B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-08

申请号：US09855293

申请日：2001-05-14

申请人： Oleh Weres ,  Henry Edward O'Donnell

发明人： Oleh Weres ,  Henry Edward O'Donnell

IPC分类号： C25B1100

CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 ,  C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F2001/46142 ,  C25B11/02 ,  C25B11/0484

摘要： An electrode with large active surface area is made by winding a Ti-fiber tow around a rectangular Ti-plate, and an electrocatalytic coating of three layers is applied. A precoat comprising a mixture of iridium dioxide and tantalum pentoxide is applied first, using a solution of the corresponding chloride salts in hydrochloric acid with some nitric acid added to inhibit corrosion of the metal. A sealing coat is then applied, comprising tin dioxide doped with antimony, in order to improve adhesion of the final oxide coat to the precoat. The third and final coat comprises particles of titanium dioxide doped with niobium in the +4 oxidation cemented with titanium dioxide that is doped with antimony. Anodes of this description are preferably assembled together with corrosion resistant cathodes in an alternating sequence, with a plastic coated fiber glass mesh placed between the anodes and cathodes to prevent short circuiting. When a sufficiently large voltage is applied across the cell, organic substances dissolved in the electrolyte will be oxidized.

摘要翻译： 通过将Ti纤维束缠绕在矩形Ti板上来制造具有大的有效表面积的电极，并且施加三层电催化涂层。 首先应用包含二氧化铱和五氧化二钽的混合物的预涂料，使用相应的氯化物盐在盐酸中加入一些硝酸的溶液以抑制金属的腐蚀。 然后施加密封涂层，包括掺杂有锑的二氧化锡，以改善最终氧化物涂层与预涂层的粘合性。 第三层和最后的涂层包括掺杂有掺杂有锑的二氧化钛的+4氧化物中掺杂有铌的二氧化钛颗粒。 该描述的阳极优选以耐腐蚀阴极交替地组装在一起，其中塑料涂覆的玻璃纤维网放置在阳极和阴极之间以防止短路。 当跨越电池施加足够大的电压时，溶解在电解质中的有机物质将被氧化。

公开(公告)号：US5992152A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-30

申请号：US37902

申请日：1998-03-10

申请人： Oleh Weres ,  Anatoly Oleksiovych Tarelin ,  Volodymyr Petrovych Skliarov ,  Yury Ivanovych Serhienko

发明人： Oleh Weres ,  Anatoly Oleksiovych Tarelin ,  Volodymyr Petrovych Skliarov ,  Yury Ivanovych Serhienko

IPC分类号： F01K13/02 ,  F28B1/02 ,  F28F13/16 ,  F01B31/16

CPC分类号： F28B1/02 ,  F28F13/16

摘要： Sufficient negative charge density may be present in the wet steam flowing through the exhaust hood of a steam power generating unit to cause intense electrical discharges which cause severe corrosion of exposed carbon steel members and generate turbulence, decreasing power output. The electric charge density is proportional to current from a charge probe exposed to the flowing steam to ground. Electric charge density can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of ammonia in the steam supply. A small positive charge density will eliminate corrosion and minimize turbulence related to electrical discharges, thereby increasing power generated. The amount of negative charge released can also be decreased by cladding the portions of the flow guides and other carbon steel members located near to the turbine exhaust with stainless steel, or with an appropriately chosen insulating composition. These improvements may be included in the design of a new power generating unit or provided by retrofitting an existing unit.

摘要翻译： 在蒸汽发电单元的排气罩中流动的湿蒸汽中可能存在足够的负电荷密度，导致强烈的放电，导致暴露的碳钢构件的严重腐蚀并产生湍流，从而降低功率输出。 电荷密度与暴露于流动蒸汽到地面的电荷探针的电流成比例。 可以通过调节蒸汽供应中的氨浓度来控制电荷密度。 小的正电荷密度将消除腐蚀并最小化与放电相关的湍流，从而增加产生的功率。 还可以通过用不锈钢包覆导流件和位于涡轮机排气附近的其它碳钢构件的部分，或者用适当选择的绝缘组合物来减少释放的负电荷量。 这些改进可以包括在新的发电机组的设计中，或者通过改装现有的单元来提供。

公开(公告)号：US20110225971A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-22

申请号：US13050843

申请日：2011-03-17

申请人： Oleh Weres

发明人： Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： F03G4/00 ,  B01D3/00

CPC分类号： B01D53/526 ,  B01D3/10 ,  B01D19/0036 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y02P70/34

摘要： Ammonia sometimes present in geothermal steam increases the solubility of hydrogen sulfide in the steam condensate produced by the surface condenser in a steam cycle geothermal power generating unit by reacting with the hydrogen sulfide to produce nonvolatile ammonium bisulfide. The condenser vent gas also produced contains carbon dioxide. Contacting the steam condensate with the condenser vent gas at a pressure slightly greater than atmospheric causes carbon dioxide to dissolve in the condensate, decreasing pH and converting bisulfide ion back to hydrogen sulfide. Subsequently exposing the acidified condensate to condenser vacuum strips the hydrogen sulfide from the condensate, eliminating the need for further chemical treatment of the condensate to prevent air pollution. Hydrogen sulfide partitioning performance is further improved by converting the hydrogen sulfide in the vent gas to sulfur dioxide before contacting it with the condensate.

摘要翻译： 有时存在于地热蒸汽中的氨通过与硫化氢反应产生不挥发性二硫化硫，增加了蒸汽循环地热发电装置中由表面冷凝器产生的蒸汽冷凝物中硫化氢的溶解度。 还生产的冷凝器排放气体含有二氧化碳。 将蒸汽冷凝物与冷凝器排放气体以略大于大气压力接触使二氧化碳溶解在冷凝物中，降低pH值并将二硫化物离子转化回硫化氢。 随后将酸化的冷凝物暴露于冷凝器真空，从冷凝物中分离出硫化氢，从而无需进一步化学处理冷凝物，以防止空气污染。 在将其与冷凝物接触之前，将排气中的硫化氢转化为二氧化硫，进一步提高硫化氢分配性能。

公开(公告)号：US20110219769A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-15

申请号：US13109886

申请日：2011-05-17

申请人： Oleh Weres

发明人： Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： F01K27/00 ,  F03G7/04 ,  C02F5/00

CPC分类号： C02F5/00 ,  B01D19/0036 ,  F01K7/06

摘要： Geothermal brine always contains some carbon dioxide in solution. Separating steam from geothermal brine removes the carbon dioxide, sharply increasing the pH of the brine and causing precipitation of pH sensitive minerals, including calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate and other metal silicates, clays, and metal sulfides. The binary heat exchanger in a steam-binary hybrid geothermal power plant is especially sensitive to scale deposition from flashed geothermal brine, and application of expensive scale inhibitors is required.Deposition of scale in the binary heat exchanger can be controlled by separating a small amount of gas-rich vapor from the brine before the main stage of steam separation, and combining this gas rich vapor with the flashed brine before in enters the binary heat exchanger. The carbon dioxide thus added to the brine will decrease pH, decreasing or completely blocking precipitation and deposition of pH sensitive minerals as scale.

摘要翻译： 地热卤水在溶液中总是含有一些二氧化碳。 将蒸汽与地热盐水分离，去除二氧化碳，大大提高盐水的pH值，并引起pH敏感矿物质的沉淀，包括碳酸钙，硅酸镁和其他金属硅酸盐，粘土和金属硫化物。 蒸汽二元混合地热发电厂的二元热交换器对闪蒸地热盐水的沉积特别敏感，需要应用昂贵的阻垢剂。 可以通过在蒸汽分离主要阶段之前从盐水中分离少量富含气体的蒸气，并将这种富含气体的蒸气与闪蒸的盐水混合，进入二元热交换器，从而控制二次热交换器中的氧化皮沉积。 这样添加到盐水中的二氧化碳将降低pH，降低或完全阻断pH敏感矿物质的沉淀和沉积作为标度。

公开(公告)号：US07077937B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-18

申请号：US10613832

申请日：2003-07-03

申请人： Oleh Weres ,  Henry Edward O'Donnell

发明人： Oleh Weres ,  Henry Edward O'Donnell

IPC分类号： C25B11/03 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/08

CPC分类号： C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F2001/46142 ,  C25B11/02 ,  C25B11/0478 ,  C25B11/0484 ,  Y10T29/49801 ,  Y10T29/49812 ,  Y10T428/12424 ,  Y10T428/12431

摘要： A large surface area electrode well-suited to electrochemical applications is produced by winding many turns of a metallic fiber tow on to a sheet metal rectangle. In the preferred embodiment, an anode that can be used to purify water by electrochemical production of hydroxyl free radical is made by winding titanium fiber tow on to a rectangular substrate made of titanium sheet, and applying a suitable multilayered electrocatalytic coating. Made of other metals, an electrode of this description can also serve as the cathode of an electrochemical cell, or as a battery plaque.

摘要翻译： 通过将许多匝的金属纤维束卷绕到钣金矩形上，可以生产出适用于电化学应用的大表面电极。 在优选的实施方案中，通过将钛纤维丝束缠绕到由钛片制成的矩形基底上，并且施加合适的多层电催化涂层，可以通过电化学生产羟基自由基来用于净化水的阳极。 由其他金属制成，本说明书的电极也可用作电化学电池的阴极，或作为电池板。

公开(公告)号：US5439577A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US337288

申请日：1994-11-10

申请人： Oleh Weres ,  Michael R. Hoffman

发明人： Oleh Weres ,  Michael R. Hoffman

IPC分类号： C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/38 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/467

CPC分类号： C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/46109 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/001 ,  C02F1/38 ,  C02F2001/46128 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46138 ,  C02F2001/46161 ,  C02F2101/30 ,  C02F2101/301 ,  C02F2101/36 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/4612 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/4615 ,  C02F2201/46155 ,  C02F2201/4617 ,  C02F2201/4619 ,  C02F2209/003 ,  C02F2209/02 ,  C02F2209/06 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  C02F2305/023 ,  Y02W10/37

摘要： This invention provides an electrochemical water treatment device for producing hydroxyl free radicals and decomposing by oxidation chemical substances dissolved in water. It utilizes a novel electrode which is capable of operation at sufficiently positive anodic potential to produce hydroxyl radicals.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于生产羟基自由基并通过溶解在水中的氧化化学物质分解的电化学水处理装置。 它利用一种新颖的电极，其能够在足够正的阳极电位下操作以产生羟基自由基。

公开(公告)号：US20100278703A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-04

申请号：US12765706

申请日：2010-04-22

申请人： Oleh Weres

发明人： Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： B01D53/68 ,  B01D53/40

CPC分类号： B01D53/68 ,  B01D2251/306 ,  B01D2251/606 ,  B01D2257/2042 ,  B01D2257/2045 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  B01D2257/40 ,  B01D2257/708

摘要： Hydrogen chloride in superheated steam is neutralized by contacting the steam with a solution containing potassium carbonate. A solution of potassium carbonate will remain liquid when contacted by steam superheated by as much as 40° C. and, unlike sodium carbonate, the degree of superheat of a saturated solution of potassium carbonate increases with temperature.Injection of potassium carbonate solution downhole in a dry steam geothermal well to protect the well casing from corrosion is especially beneficial, because only a small amount of carrier water needs to be injected together with the potassium carbonate, whereby the steam remains superheated and the possibility of localized corrosion is avoided.Other highly soluble potassium salts or salt inhibitors can be added to prevent precipitation of solid potassium chloride which may occur under certain conditions, or a small amount of additional water can be added to keep the potassium chloride in solution while allowing the steam to remain superheated.

摘要翻译： 过热蒸汽中的氯化氢通过使蒸汽与含有碳酸钾的溶液接触来中和。 当与蒸汽过热多达40℃接触时，碳酸钾溶液将保持液态，与碳酸钠不同，饱和碳酸钾溶液的过热度随温度升高。 在干蒸汽地热井内注入碳酸钾溶液以保护井套管免受腐蚀是特别有益的，因为只需要少量的载体水与碳酸钾一起注入，由此蒸汽保持过热，并且可能性 避免局部腐蚀。 可以加入其他高溶解性钾盐或盐抑制剂以防止在某些条件下可能发生的固体氯化钾沉淀，或者可以加入少量另外的水以将氯化钾保持在溶液中，同时允许蒸汽保持过热。

公开(公告)号：US07494583B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-24

申请号：US11427707

申请日：2006-06-29

申请人： Oleh Weres

发明人： Oleh Weres

IPC分类号： C02F1/461

CPC分类号： C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F2001/46142 ,  C25B11/035 ,  C25B11/0426

摘要： An electrode having a valve metal substrate and an electrocatalytic surface composition comprising titanium dioxide doped with bismuth is provided, and an electrolytic water purification process utilizing this electrode, wherein organic substances dissolved or dispersed in water are oxidized and degraded in a nonselective manner with good current efficiency.

摘要翻译： 提供一种具有阀金属基板和包含掺杂有铋的二氧化钛的电催化表面组合物的​​电极，并且利用该电极的电解水净化方法，其中溶解或分散在水中的有机物质以非选择性的方式以良好的电流被氧化和劣化 效率。