公开(公告)号：US20050021107A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10913183

申请日：2004-08-06

申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy

发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy

IPC分类号： A61N20060101 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/34 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

CPC分类号： A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/36021 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36071 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

摘要： Methods and apparatus for treating an impaired neural function in a brain of a patient. In one embodiment, a method for treating a neural function in a brain of a patient includes determining a therapy period during which a plurality of therapy sessions are to be performed to recover functional ability corresponding to the neural function. The method continues by identifying a stimulation site in or on the brain of the patient associated with the neural function, and positioning an electrode at least proximate to the identified stimulation site. The patient is then treated by providing electrical stimulation treatments to the stimulation site. The treatment can comprise delivering electrical stimulation signals to the electrode during the therapy sessions. After expiration of the therapy period, the method includes preventing electrical stimulation signals from being delivered to the stimulation site.

摘要翻译： 用于治疗患者脑部受损的神经功能的方法和装置。 在一个实施方案中，用于治疗患者脑部神经功能的方法包括确定要执行多个治疗期间以恢复与神经功能相对应的功能能力的治疗期。 该方法通过识别与神经功能相关联的患者的脑中或其上的刺激部位，并且将电极定位至少接近所识别的刺激部位来继续。 然后通过向刺激部位提供电刺激治疗来治疗患者。 治疗可以包括在治疗期间向电极传送电刺激信号。 在治疗期满后，该方法包括防止电刺激信号传递到刺激部位。

公开(公告)号：US20060195155A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-31

申请号：US11389770

申请日：2006-03-27

申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

IPC分类号： A61N1/08

CPC分类号： A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

公开(公告)号：US20060200206A1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-07

申请号：US11355038

申请日：2006-02-15

申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

IPC分类号： A61N1/34

CPC分类号： A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

公开(公告)号：US20050075679A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-07

申请号：US10842052

申请日：2004-05-07

申请人： Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Andrew Firlik ,  W. Sheffield ,  Allen Wyler

发明人： Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Andrew Firlik ,  W. Sheffield ,  Allen Wyler

IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

CPC分类号： A61N1/326 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36067 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/3615 ,  A61N1/36171 ,  A61N1/3756

摘要： Methods and apparatuses for treating neurological disorders by electrically stimulating cells implanted in the nervous system are disclosed. A method in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes preparing cells for implantation while the cells are in a first, at least partially undifferentiated state. The cells are then implanted at an implantation site within the patient's skull cavity while in the first state, and at least one electrode is positioned to be in electrical communication with the implantation site. The patient's neural dysfunction is at least partially corrected by differentiating the cells at least until the cells achieve a second state, with the cells in the second state having an increased level of differentiation and increased neurocharacteristics when compared to the cells in the first state. Differentiating the cells can include applying an electrical potential to the at least one electrode while the electrode is in electrical communication with the implantation site. In further aspects of the invention, the cells are implanted directly into the tissue without being carried by an electrically conductive substrate, and/or the electrode is removed from the patient without removing the implanted cells, for example, after stimulation has been completed.

摘要翻译： 公开了通过电刺激植入神经系统中的细胞来治疗神经障碍的方法和装置。 根据本发明的一个方面的方法包括在细胞处于第一，至少部分未分化状态时制备用于植入的细胞。 然后在处于第一状态时将细胞植入患者颅骨腔内的植入部位，并且将至少一个电极定位成与植入部位电连通。 所述患者的神经功能障碍至少通过使细胞分化至少部分来校正，至少直到细胞达到第二状态，与第一状态下的细胞相比，处于第二状态的细胞具有增加的分化水平和增加的神经特征。 区分细胞可以包括将电位施加到至少一个电极，同时电极与植入部位电连通。 在本发明的另一方面，例如在刺激完成之后，将细胞直接植入组织而不被导电基底携带，和/或从患者身上除去电极而不去除植入的细胞。

公开(公告)号：US20050021105A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10912815

申请日：2004-08-06

申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Alan Levy ,  Bradford Gliner

发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Alan Levy ,  Bradford Gliner

IPC分类号： A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

CPC分类号： A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36014 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/3756

摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

摘要翻译： 以下公开内容描述了用于治疗或以其他方式实现患者神经功能变化的颅内电刺激的几种方法和装置。 根据本发明的方法的几个实施方案旨在增强或以其他方式诱导神经活动的持续变化以实现特定的神经功能。 这种神经活动的持续变化被定义为“神经可塑性”。 根据本发明的方法可用于治疗脑损伤（例如中风，创伤等），脑部疾病（例如阿尔茨海默氏症，皮克病，帕金森氏病等）和/或脑部疾病（例如癫痫， 抑郁症等）。 根据本发明的方法还可以用于增强正常，健康的大脑（例如学习，记忆等）的神经功能，或用于控制感觉功能（例如疼痛）。 根据本发明的方法的某些实施方案在发生神经可塑性的刺激部位电刺激脑。 刺激部位可能不同于大脑中通常存在神经活动的区域，以根据脑的功能组织来执行特定的神经功能。 在与神经功能相关的神经可塑性发生在脑中的一个实施方案中，该方法可以包括鉴定存在这种神经可塑性的位置。 在脑中不发生神经可塑性的替代实施方案中，替代方面是在预期发生的刺激位点处诱导神经可塑性。 预期对刺激部位的预期神经活动产生持久影响的这些方法的若干实施方案使用增加刺激部位的神经元的静息膜电位至亚阈值水平的电脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US07022844B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-04

申请号：US10251335

申请日：2002-09-21

申请人： Alan Levy ,  Gregory Cleotelis, II ,  James Sawyer ,  Nolan Henrich, III ,  Mohammed Loya ,  Matthew Warren ,  Gregory Moore

发明人： Alan Levy ,  Gregory Cleotelis, II ,  James Sawyer ,  Nolan Henrich, III ,  Mohammed Loya ,  Matthew Warren ,  Gregory Moore

IPC分类号： C07D201/04 ,  C07D201/16

CPC分类号： C07D201/04

摘要： Methods are disclosed of producing and purifying at least one amide. In accordance with one of the methods disclosed herein, the at least one amide is produced by providing an organic liquid comprising at least one oxime, providing at least one catalyst, adding the at least one catalyst to the organic liquid to form a rearrangement mass, wherein the rearrangement mass comprises at least one amide, at least one impurity, and the at least one catalyst, and heating the rearrangement mass to a temperature of at least about 115° C. for a period of time in order to sulfonate, break down and/or reduce the concentration of some of the at least one impurity in the rearrangement mass.

公开(公告)号：US07482446B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-27

申请号：US11311604

申请日：2005-12-19

申请人： Alan Levy ,  Gregory Cleotelis, II ,  James Sawyer ,  Nolan Henrich, III ,  Mohammed Loya ,  Matthew Warren ,  Gregory Moore

发明人： Alan Levy ,  Gregory Cleotelis, II ,  James Sawyer ,  Nolan Henrich, III ,  Mohammed Loya ,  Matthew Warren ,  Gregory Moore

IPC分类号： C07D201/04 ,  C07D201/16

CPC分类号： C07D201/04

摘要： Methods are disclosed of producing and purifying at least one amide. In accordance with one of the methods disclosed herein, the at least one amide is produced by providing an organic liquid comprising at least one oxime, providing at least one catalyst, adding the at least one catalyst to the organic liquid to form a rearrangement mass, wherein the rearrangement mass comprises at least one amide, at least one impurity, and the at least one catalyst, and heating the rearrangement mass to a temperature of at least about 115° C. for a period of time in order to sulfonate, break down and/or reduce the concentration of some of the at least one impurity in the rearrangement mass.

摘要翻译： 公开了生产和纯化至少一种酰胺的方法。 根据本文公开的方法之一，通过提供包含至少一种肟的有机液体来提供至少一种酰胺，提供至少一种催化剂，将至少一种催化剂加入到有机液体中以形成重排质量， 其中所述重排质量包含至少一种酰胺，至少一种杂质和所述至少一种催化剂，并且将所述重排质量加热至至少约115℃的温度一段时间以便磺化，分解 和/或降低重排质量中的一些至少一种杂质的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US08958536B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-17

申请号：US13647261

申请日：2012-10-08

申请人： Avrohom Y. Charish ,  Alan Levy ,  Aleksandr Yampolskiy

发明人： Avrohom Y. Charish ,  Alan Levy ,  Aleksandr Yampolskiy

IPC分类号： H04M3/42 ,  H04L12/16 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04M3/56 ,  H04M7/12 ,  H04N7/15 ,  H04L12/18

CPC分类号： H04N7/15 ,  H04L12/1822 ,  H04L12/1827 ,  H04M3/56 ,  H04M7/123 ,  H04M2203/5063

摘要： A method and system for providing an audio/video conference includes receiving audio from a moderator via a circuit-switched telephone network, transmitting a representation of the audio to a first listener group via the circuit-switched telephone network, and transmitting a representation of the audio to a second listener group via a packet-switched network. The audio/video conference may be transmitted to the first listener group and the second listener group in real-time or near real-time (e.g., within a few seconds). The method and system may be used with a circuit-switched telephone network such as, for example, a public switched telephone network. Further, the method and system may be used with a packet-switched network such as, for example, the Internet. The method and system further provide synchronization of video data, including slide data, and audio data related to the audio/video conference.

摘要翻译： 一种用于提供音频/视频会议的方法和系统包括经由电路交换电话网络从主持人接收音频，经由电路交换电话网络将音频的表示发送到第一收听者组，并且传送 通过分组交换网络将音频传送到第二个听众组。 音频/视频会议可以实时或接近实时（例如，在几秒钟内）被发送到第一收听者组和第二听众组。 该方法和系统可以与例如公共交换电话网络的电路交换电话网络一起使用。 此外，该方法和系统可以与例如因特网的分组交换网络一起使用。 该方法和系统还提供视频数据的同步，包括幻灯片数据和与音频/视频会议相关的音频数据。

公开(公告)号：US06431400B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09531789

申请日：2000-03-21

申请人： James B. O'Maley ,  Francis J. Parker ,  Alan Levy

发明人： James B. O'Maley ,  Francis J. Parker ,  Alan Levy

IPC分类号： B67D500

CPC分类号： B67D7/344 ,  A47K5/1202 ,  A47K5/1209 ,  A47K5/1217 ,  B67D2001/0811 ,  Y10S141/01

摘要： A dispenser apparatus for controlling the type and brand of a product dispensed therefrom, so that only authorized products are dispensed from the apparatus. A container inserted into a housing case stores the product, the container having an exit port. A chute directs the flow of the discharged product. A drive assembly causes the product to move from the container through the chute to be dispensed therefrom. A magnetic sensor is attached to a support surface of the housing case, and a wafer is attached to the container. The wafer has a magnet embedded therein, and the container is inserted into the housing case so that the wafer is received by and mates with the housing case to align the magnet with the magnetic sensor. A location of the magnet embedded in the wafer of the container is detected by the magnetic sensor of the housing case so that the container is identified. The drive means is only activated when the container is identified as an authorized container based on the location of the magnet.

摘要翻译： 一种用于控制从其分配的产品的类型和品牌的分配器装置，使得只有授权的产品从设备中分配。 插入壳体的容器存储产品，容器具有出口。 滑槽引导排出的产品的流动。 驱动组件使产品从容器移动通过滑槽从其中分配。 磁性传感器附接到壳体的支撑表面，并且将晶片附接到容器。 晶片具有嵌入其中的磁体，并且容器插入壳体中，使得晶片被容纳并与外壳配合，以使磁体与磁传感器对准。 通过壳体的磁传感器检测嵌入在容器的晶片中的磁体的位置，从而识别容器。 只有当容器根据磁铁的位置被识别为授权的容器时，驱动装置才被激活。

公开(公告)号：US5479829A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-02

申请号：US357741

申请日：1994-12-16

申请人： Alan Levy ,  James R. Kennedy ,  John M. Papazian

发明人： Alan Levy ,  James R. Kennedy ,  John M. Papazian

IPC分类号： G01B21/32 ,  G01M5/00

CPC分类号： G01B21/32 ,  Y10T29/53022

摘要： A method for inspecting a cold expanded fastener hole in a structural part to confirm that the hole has been expanded by a desired amount involves determining the degree to which the hole has been expanded as a function of the out-of-plane deformation in material surrounding an entrance or exit of the hole formed as a result of the cold expansion process. Out-of-plane deformation at either of the entrance or exit is compared to a model constructed from an array of experimentally or analytically determined out-of-plane deformation profiles for a hole with the same, or substantially the same, dimensions subjected to varying degrees of cold expansion. The degree of expansion of the hole is derived based on this comparison.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检查结构部分中的冷扩展的紧固件孔的方法，以确认孔已经膨胀了所需的量，包括确定孔已经膨胀的程度作为围绕材料的平面外变形的函数 作为冷膨胀过程的结果形成的孔的入口或出口。 将入口处或出口处的任何一个的平面外变形与由实验或分析确定的平面外变形曲线阵列构成的模型进行比较，该变形轮廓具有相同或基本上相同的经受变化的尺寸的孔 冷膨胀度。 基于该比较导出孔的膨胀程度。