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    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient
    1.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20060195155A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-31

    申请号：US11389770

    申请日：2006-03-27

    申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

    发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

    IPC分类号： A61N1/08

    CPC分类号： A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient
    2.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20060200206A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-07

    申请号：US11355038

    申请日：2006-02-15

    申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

    发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Carlton Morgan

    IPC分类号： A61N1/34

    CPC分类号： A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

    Methods and apparatuses for treating neurological disorders by electrically stimulating cells implanted in the nervous system
    3.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatuses for treating neurological disorders by electrically stimulating cells implanted in the nervous system 审中-公开
    通过电刺激植入神经系统的细胞来治疗神经障碍的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050075679A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-04-07

    申请号：US10842052

    申请日：2004-05-07

    申请人： Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Andrew Firlik ,  W. Sheffield ,  Allen Wyler

    发明人： Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Andrew Firlik ,  W. Sheffield ,  Allen Wyler

    IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

    CPC分类号： A61N1/326 ,  A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/36067 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/3615 ,  A61N1/36171 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： Methods and apparatuses for treating neurological disorders by electrically stimulating cells implanted in the nervous system are disclosed. A method in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes preparing cells for implantation while the cells are in a first, at least partially undifferentiated state. The cells are then implanted at an implantation site within the patient's skull cavity while in the first state, and at least one electrode is positioned to be in electrical communication with the implantation site. The patient's neural dysfunction is at least partially corrected by differentiating the cells at least until the cells achieve a second state, with the cells in the second state having an increased level of differentiation and increased neurocharacteristics when compared to the cells in the first state. Differentiating the cells can include applying an electrical potential to the at least one electrode while the electrode is in electrical communication with the implantation site. In further aspects of the invention, the cells are implanted directly into the tissue without being carried by an electrically conductive substrate, and/or the electrode is removed from the patient without removing the implanted cells, for example, after stimulation has been completed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了通过电刺激植入神经系统中的细胞来治疗神经障碍的方法和装置。 根据本发明的一个方面的方法包括在细胞处于第一，至少部分未分化状态时制备用于植入的细胞。 然后在处于第一状态时将细胞植入患者颅骨腔内的植入部位，并且将至少一个电极定位成与植入部位电连通。 所述患者的神经功能障碍至少通过使细胞分化至少部分来校正，至少直到细胞达到第二状态，与第一状态下的细胞相比，处于第二状态的细胞具有增加的分化水平和增加的神经特征。 区分细胞可以包括将电位施加到至少一个电极，同时电极与植入部位电连通。 在本发明的另一方面，例如在刺激完成之后，将细胞直接植入组织而不被导电基底携带，和/或从患者身上除去电极而不去除植入的细胞。

    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient
    4.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient 审中-公开
    用于实现患者神经功能持续变化的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050021107A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

    申请号：US10913183

    申请日：2004-08-06

    申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy

    发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner ,  Alan Levy

    IPC分类号： A61N20060101 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/34 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

    CPC分类号： A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/36021 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36071 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/36103 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： Methods and apparatus for treating an impaired neural function in a brain of a patient. In one embodiment, a method for treating a neural function in a brain of a patient includes determining a therapy period during which a plurality of therapy sessions are to be performed to recover functional ability corresponding to the neural function. The method continues by identifying a stimulation site in or on the brain of the patient associated with the neural function, and positioning an electrode at least proximate to the identified stimulation site. The patient is then treated by providing electrical stimulation treatments to the stimulation site. The treatment can comprise delivering electrical stimulation signals to the electrode during the therapy sessions. After expiration of the therapy period, the method includes preventing electrical stimulation signals from being delivered to the stimulation site.

    摘要翻译： 用于治疗患者脑部受损的神经功能的方法和装置。 在一个实施方案中，用于治疗患者脑部神经功能的方法包括确定要执行多个治疗期间以恢复与神经功能相对应的功能能力的治疗期。 该方法通过识别与神经功能相关联的患者的脑中或其上的刺激部位，并且将电极定位至少接近所识别的刺激部位来继续。 然后通过向刺激部位提供电刺激治疗来治疗患者。 治疗可以包括在治疗期间向电极传送电刺激信号。 在治疗期满后，该方法包括防止电刺激信号传递到刺激部位。

    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a change in a neural-function of a patient
    5.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a change in a neural-function of a patient 审中-公开
    用于实现患者神经功能变化的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050021105A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

    申请号：US10912815

    申请日：2004-08-06

    申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Alan Levy ,  Bradford Gliner

    发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Alan Levy ,  Bradford Gliner

    IPC分类号： A61N1/18 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375

    CPC分类号： A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36014 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.

    摘要翻译： 以下公开内容描述了用于治疗或以其他方式实现患者神经功能变化的颅内电刺激的几种方法和装置。 根据本发明的方法的几个实施方案旨在增强或以其他方式诱导神经活动的持续变化以实现特定的神经功能。 这种神经活动的持续变化被定义为“神经可塑性”。 根据本发明的方法可用于治疗脑损伤（例如中风，创伤等），脑部疾病（例如阿尔茨海默氏症，皮克病，帕金森氏病等）和/或脑部疾病（例如癫痫， 抑郁症等）。 根据本发明的方法还可以用于增强正常，健康的大脑（例如学习，记忆等）的神经功能，或用于控制感觉功能（例如疼痛）。 根据本发明的方法的某些实施方案在发生神经可塑性的刺激部位电刺激脑。 刺激部位可能不同于大脑中通常存在神经活动的区域，以根据脑的功能组织来执行特定的神经功能。 在与神经功能相关的神经可塑性发生在脑中的一个实施方案中，该方法可以包括鉴定存在这种神经可塑性的位置。 在脑中不发生神经可塑性的替代实施方案中，替代方面是在预期发生的刺激位点处诱导神经可塑性。 预期对刺激部位的预期神经活动产生持久影响的这些方法的若干实施方案使用增加刺激部位的神经元的静息膜电位至亚阈值水平的电脉冲。

    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient
    6.
    发明申请
    Methods and apparatus for effectuating a lasting change in a neural-function of a patient 审中-公开
    用于实现患者神经功能持续变化的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050021106A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

    申请号：US10913034

    申请日：2004-08-06

    申请人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner

    发明人： Andrew Firlik ,  Jeffrey Balzer ,  Bradford Gliner

    IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/36 ,  A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/18

    CPC分类号： A61N1/36017 ,  A61N1/0531 ,  A61N1/0534 ,  A61N1/0539 ,  A61N1/36014 ,  A61N1/36025 ,  A61N1/36082 ,  A61N1/361 ,  A61N1/375 ,  A61N1/3756

    摘要： The present disclosure suggests methods of selecting a stimulation site for stimulating a patient's brain or methods of effectuating a neural-function of a patient associated with an impaired body function. In one exemplary implementation, such a neural function may be effectuated by selecting a stimulation site, positioning at least a first electrode at the stimulation site, and applying an electrical potential to pass a current through the first electrode. If one aspect, this stimulation site may be selected by a) identifying a second body function that is a corollary to the impaired body function, and b) determining a corollary location of the patient's brain that is associated with the second body function and is ipsilateral to the impaired body function.

    摘要翻译： 本公开内容提出了选择用于刺激患者的大脑的刺激部位的方法或者与受损的身体功能相关联的患者的神经功能的方法。 在一个示例性实施方案中，可以通过选择刺激部位，在刺激部位定位至少第一电极，以及施加电势以使电流通过第一电极来实现这样的神经功能。 如果一个方面，则可以通过以下方式来选择该刺激部位：a）识别作为受损身体功能的推论的第二身体功能，以及b）确定与第二身体功能相关并且是同侧的患者的大脑的推论位置 对身体功能受损。