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公开(公告)号：US5618495A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US417447
申请日：1995-04-05
申请人： Andrew S. Mount , Douglas Paul , Alfred P. Wheeler
发明人： Andrew S. Mount , Douglas Paul , Alfred P. Wheeler
CPC分类号： G01N21/79 , Y10T436/116664
摘要： The invention relates to colorimetric titration method, a titrator and colorimeter device. The titrating apparatus comprises radiant energy means for producing radiant energy. The device includes means for modulating an amplitude of an intensity of the radiant energy at a modulation frequency. The radiant energy is partially absorbed by an adjacent solution within a sample beaker having a color indicator dissolved therein. Radiant energy focusing means focuses the modulated radiant energy transmitted through the sample and beaker on radiant energy detection means. The radiant energy detection means produces a transmitted signal wherein an intensity of the transmitted signal is directly proportional to the intensity of transmitted energy. Filtering means filters the transmitted signal, such that a center frequency of the filtering means matches the modulation frequency of the radiant energy means. The filtering means produces filtered transmitted energy signal representative of only the amount radiant energy transmitted through the solution from the radiant energy source, free of other sources of radiant energy. The colorimetric titrator also includes means for constructing a titration curve, means for computing the first derivative of the titration curve, means for computing the second derivative of the titration curve, control means for controlling titrant addition means in response to the first derivative of the titration curve and means for calling the endpoint of the titration by using the second derivative of the titration curve.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及比色滴定法，滴定仪和色度计装置。 滴定装置包括用于产生辐射能的辐射能装置。 该装置包括用于以调制频率调制辐射能的强度的幅度的装置。 辐射能部分被具有溶解在其中的颜色指示器的样品烧杯内的相邻溶液部分地吸收。 辐射能量聚焦装置将通过样品和烧杯传输的调制的辐射能聚焦在辐射能量检测装置上。 辐射能量检测装置产生发射信号，其中发射信号的强度与发射能量的强度成正比。 滤波装置对所发送的信号进行滤波，使得滤波装置的中心频率与辐射能量装置的调制频率一致。 滤波装置产生滤波的透射能量信号，其代表仅辐射能量的透射能量的辐射能量，其不受其它辐射能源的影响。 比色滴定仪还包括用于构建滴定曲线的装置，用于计算滴定曲线的一阶导数的装置，用于计算滴定曲线的二阶导数的装置，用于响应于滴定的一阶导数来控制滴定剂添加装置的控制装置 曲线和通过使用滴定曲线的二阶导数来调用滴定终点的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20060011337A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-19
申请号：US10891140
申请日：2004-07-15
申请人： Douglas Paul
发明人： Douglas Paul
IPC分类号： F25B29/00
CPC分类号： F25B13/00 , B60H1/00907 , B60H2001/00935 , F25B2327/001 , F25B2500/02
摘要： There is provided a combined heat pump and air-conditioning apparatus and method. There is a source of heat, a compressor having an input and an output, a heat exchanger , a condenser, an evaporator, and coolant conduits for connecting the source of heat to the evaporator. There are heat transfer medium conduits interconnecting the heat exchanger, the condenser and the evaporator. A valve is operatively connected to the medium conduits and connects the output of the compressor to the condenser and connects the heat exchanger to the input of the compressor during an air-conditioning mode where the heat exchanger operates as an evaporator. The valve operatively connects the output of the compressor to the heat exchanger and connects the input of the compressor to the evaporator during a heat pump mode where the heat exchanger acts as a condenser. In one example the heat exchanger is positioned to communicate with the interior of the vehicle and the apparatus and method alternatively cool or heat the interior of the vehicle depending upon the mode of operation thereof.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种组合式热泵和空调装置和方法。 存在热源，具有输入和输出的压缩机，热交换器，冷凝器，蒸发器和用于将热源连接到蒸发器的冷却剂管道。 存在将热交换器，冷凝器和蒸发器互连的传热介质管道。 阀门可操作地连接到介质导管并将压缩机的输出端连接到冷凝器，并且在热交换器作为蒸发器操作的空调模式期间将热交换器连接到压缩机的输入端。 该阀可操作地将压缩机的输出连接到热交换器，并且在热交换器用作冷凝器的热泵模式期间将压缩机的输入端连接到蒸发器。 在一个示例中，热交换器被定位成与车辆的内部连通，并且根据其操作模式，该装置和方法交替地冷却或加热车辆的内部。
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公开(公告)号：US20050039716A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：US10942810
申请日：2004-09-17
申请人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Faccone
发明人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Faccone
CPC分类号： B60H1/2209 , B60H1/2206 , F23N3/082 , F23N5/203 , F23N2023/04 , F23N2023/08 , F23N2027/10 , F23N2031/10 , F23N2033/08 , F23N2041/14
摘要： A heater for a liquid has a combustion chamber, a jacket for the liquid extending about the combustion chamber and a burner head assembly connected to the combustion chamber. The burner head assembly includes a housing having a burner mounted thereon and a hollow interior. A control module and a fan are mounted in the hollow interior, the fan being connected to an electric motor. A compressor and a fuel pump are mounted on the housing and are operatively connected to the electric motor. The control module may include controls for exercising components of the heater prior to combustion, thereby verifying operation of these components. Preferably there is a speed control for the motor, such as a closed loop speed control which regulates motor speed and accordingly output of the heater. Preferably there is a backup system using a lookup table in the event that the closed loop speed control fails. Also preferably there is provision for monitoring flame sensor functionality by providing an indicator light which mirrors operation of the flame sensor. The heater may have a selective soft start for the coolant pump which operates only when required so as to reduce unnecessary chatter on the motor relay. A system is also provided for distinguishing true overcurrent faults from overcurrents arising from voltage changes during starting of the vehicle engine. Reignition algorithms are provided to restart the burner in the event of flame sputters caused, for example, by fuel bubbles, but shut off the heater in the event that the fuel is truly cut off.
摘要翻译： 用于液体的加热器具有燃烧室，用于围绕燃烧室延伸的液体的护套和连接到燃烧室的燃烧器头组件。 燃烧器头组件包括具有安装在其上的燃烧器和中空内部的壳体。 控制模块和风扇安装在中空内部，风扇连接到电动机。 压缩机和燃料泵安装在壳体上并且可操作地连接到电动机。 控制模块可以包括用于在燃烧之前锻炼加热器的部件的控制，从而验证这些部件的操作。 优选地，存在用于电动机的速度控制，例如调节电动机速度并因此输出加热器的闭环速度控制。 优选地，在闭环速度控制失败的情况下，存在使用查找表的备份系统。 还优选地，通过提供反映火焰传感器的操作的指示灯来监视火焰传感器功能。 加热器可以具有用于仅在需要时操作的冷却剂泵的选择性软启动，以便减少马达继电器上的不必要的颤动。 还提供一种系统，用于区分真实的过电流故障与车辆发动机启动期间电压变化引起的过电流。 提供重燃算法以在例如由燃料气泡导致的火焰喷溅器的情况下重新启动燃烧器，但是在燃料被真正切断的情况下关闭加热器。
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公开(公告)号：US20060191498A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-31
申请号：US11329113
申请日：2006-01-11
申请人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Paccone
发明人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Paccone
CPC分类号： B60H1/2209 , B60H1/2206 , F23N3/082 , F23N5/203 , F23N2023/04 , F23N2023/08 , F23N2027/10 , F23N2031/10 , F23N2033/08 , F23N2041/14
摘要： A heater for a liquid has a combustion chamber, a jacket for the liquid extending about the combustion chamber and a burner head assembly connected to the combustion chamber. The burner head assembly includes a housing having a burner mounted thereon and a hollow interior. A control module and a fan are mounted in the hollow interior, the fan being connected to an electric motor. A compressor and a fuel pump are mounted on the housing and are operatively connected to the electric motor. The control module may include controls for exercising components of the heater prior to combustion, thereby verifying operation of these components. Preferably there is a speed control for the motor, such as a closed loop speed control which regulates motor speed and accordingly output of the heater. Preferably there is a backup system using a lookup table in the event that the closed loop speed control fails. Also preferably there is provision for monitoring flame sensor functionality by providing an indicator light which mirrors operation of the flame sensor. The heater may have a selective soft start for the coolant pump which operates only when required so as to reduce unnecessary chatter on the motor relay. A system is also provided for distinguishing true overcurrent faults from overcurrents arising from voltage changes during starting of the vehicle engine. Reignition algorithms are provided to restart the burner in the event of flame sputters caused, for example, by fuel bubbles, but shut off the heater in the event that the fuel is truly cut off.
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公开(公告)号：US20050057753A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-17
申请号：US10978070
申请日：2004-10-28
申请人： R. Mosley , Douglas Paul , John Pike
发明人： R. Mosley , Douglas Paul , John Pike
CPC分类号： G01N21/643 , G01N21/3151 , G01N21/534
摘要： An instrument for testing fluid characteristics has a vial and a housing. The vial defines a chamber for receiving a sample of the fluid and has a cap for sealing the fluid therein. The housing defines a recess for receiving the vial. Multiple light emitting diodes and photovoltaic detectors are arranged on multiple meridional planes within the housing. The meridional planes each intersect approximately at a central axis of the chamber when the vial is placed within the recess. Modulation of the light emitting diodes and tuned processing electronics allow for simultaneous evaluation of sample characteristics such as spectral transmittance, turbidity and fluorescence. The user selects particular tests via a keypad and a display indicates the results of the chosen analysis.
摘要翻译： 用于测试流体特性的仪器具有小瓶和壳体。 小瓶限定了用于接收流体样品的腔室，并且具有用于在其中密封流体的帽。 壳体限定用于接收小瓶的凹部。 多个发光二极管和光电检测器被布置在壳体内的多个子午线平面上。 当小瓶放置在凹槽内时，子午线平面大致在室的中心轴线相交。 发光二极管和调谐处理电子设备的调制允许同时评估样品特征，如光谱透射率，浊度和荧光。 用户通过键盘选择特定的测试，显示屏显示所选分析的结果。
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公开(公告)号：US08543360B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-24
申请号：US12828251
申请日：2010-06-30
申请人： Michel Nakhla , Ramachandra Achar , Douglas Paul , Natalie Nakhla
发明人： Michel Nakhla , Ramachandra Achar , Douglas Paul , Natalie Nakhla
CPC分类号： G06F17/5036 , G06F17/5031
摘要： A new method for simulation of general electrical circuits on parallel computing platforms is disclosed. Parallel simulation of general time-domain circuits that are represented by nonlinear/linear differential algebraic equations is accomplished by partitioning them into smaller subcircuits via a novel combination of the companion form representation of the given circuit and an efficient form of node splitting, during Newton Raphson iterations, at any time point. The new invention formulates the interface vectors between partitions, through purely binary vectors, leading to a high degree of parallelism, scalability and reduced computational and communication costs for synchronizing the solutions between various partitions. Parallel platforms considered can be diverse such as (including but not restricted to) multicore CPUs, distributed systems of computers. The new invention also provides for scalable parallel simulation of mixed-domain formulations, such as (including but not restricted to), integrated circuits, electronic packages, PCBs, electromagnetic modules, MEMS and optical components etc.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于并行计算平台上的一般电路仿真的新方法。 通过非线性/线性微分代数方程表示的一般时域电路的并行仿真是通过在给定电路的伴随形式表示和节点分裂的有效形式的新颖组合之间将它们分成更小的子电路，在Newton Raphson 在任何时间点迭代。 新发明通过纯二进制向量来形成分区之间的接口向量，导致高度的并行性，可扩展性以及降低的各种分区之间的解决方案同步的计算和通信成本。 考虑的并行平台可以是多样的，例如（包括但不限于）多核CPU，分布式计算机系统。 新发明还提供了诸如（包括但不限于）集成电路，电子封装，PCB，电磁模块，MEMS和光学部件等的混合域配方的可扩展并行仿真。
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公开(公告)号：US20100332202A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-30
申请号：US12828251
申请日：2010-06-30
申请人： Michel Nakhla , Ramachandra Achar , Douglas Paul , Natalie Nakhla
发明人： Michel Nakhla , Ramachandra Achar , Douglas Paul , Natalie Nakhla
CPC分类号： G06F17/5036 , G06F17/5031
摘要： A new method for simulation of general electrical circuits on parallel computing platforms is disclosed. Parallel simulation of general time-domain circuits that are represented by nonlinear/linear differential algebraic equations is accomplished by partitioning them into smaller subcircuits via a novel combination of the companion form representation of the given circuit and an efficient form of node splitting, during Newton Raphson iterations, at any time point. The new invention formulates the interface vectors between partitions, through purely binary vectors, leading to a high degree of parallelism, scalability and reduced computational and communication costs for synchronizing the solutions between various partitions. Parallel platforms considered can be diverse such as (including but not restricted to) multicore CPUs, distributed systems of computers. The new invention also provides for scalable parallel simulation of mixed-domain formulations, such as (including but not restricted to), integrated circuits, electronic packages, PCBs, electromagnetic modules, MEMS and optical components etc.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于并行计算平台上的一般电路仿真的新方法。 通过非线性/线性微分代数方程表示的一般时域电路的并行仿真是通过在给定电路的伴随形式表示和节点分裂的有效形式的新颖组合之间将它们分成更小的子电路，在Newton Raphson 在任何时间点迭代。 新发明通过纯二进制向量来形成分区之间的接口向量，导致高度的并行性，可扩展性以及降低的各种分区之间的解决方案同步的计算和通信成本。 考虑的并行平台可以是多样的，例如（包括但不限于）多核CPU，分布式计算机系统。 新发明还提供了诸如（包括但不限于）集成电路，电子封装，PCB，电磁模块，MEMS和光学部件等的混合域配方的可扩展并行仿真。
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公开(公告)号：US20070212792A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-13
申请号：US11375557
申请日：2006-03-13
申请人： Marvin Havens , Darrell Austin , Douglas Paul
发明人： Marvin Havens , Darrell Austin , Douglas Paul
IPC分类号： G01N21/76
CPC分类号： G01N21/643 , G01M3/226 , G01M3/38 , G01N21/6408 , G01N31/225 , G01N31/229 , G01N2021/6432 , G01N2021/6478 , G01N2201/0221 , G01N2201/1211 , Y10T436/20
摘要： An apparatus and non-invasive method of measuring oxygen by exciting a luminescent compound disposed in a container and then measuring the intensity of the light emitted by the excited luminescent compound as it relaxes to the ground state. A plot of emission intensity as a function of time results in an exponential decay curve the area of which is inversely proportional to the oxygen concentration. The oxygen concentration can be determined over a wide temperature range by measuring the temperature of the container and the emission intensity and then applying the following equation: [O2]=(ATa(T)2+BTa(T)+CTa)(tau)2+(ATb(T)2+BTb(T)+CTb)(tau)+(ATc(T)2+BTc(T)+CTc) T is the measured temperature; tau is the area of the exponential decay curve; and ATa, BTa, CTa, ATb, BTb, CTb, ATc, BTc, and CTc are coefficients that are specific to the luminescent compound being examined.
摘要翻译： 一种通过激发设置在容器中的发光化合物测量氧的装置和非侵入性方法，然后测量由激发的发光化合物在其弛豫到基态时发射的光的强度。 作为时间的函数的发射强度的图形导致指数衰减曲线，其面积与氧浓度成反比。 通过测量容器的温度和发射强度可以在较宽的温度范围内确定氧浓度，然后应用以下等式：<？in-line-formula description =“In-line formula”end =“lead”？ （T）2 + B Ta（T）+ C < （T a）Ta（T）2（+）Tb（T）＆lt;＆lt;＆lt; （T）+ C Tb（T）T（T）+（C）T（T） （T）+ C 在线公式描述=“在线公式”end =“tail”？> T是测量温度; tau是指数衰减曲线的面积; 和Ta，Ta，Ta，Ta，Ta，Tb，Tb，Tb， C Tb，C Tc，B Tc和C Tc是对发光化合物特异的系数 被检查
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公开(公告)号：US20050039715A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：US10942778
申请日：2004-09-17
申请人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Faccone
发明人： Jonathan Young , Douglas Paul , Angelo Faccone
CPC分类号： B60H1/2209 , B60H1/2206 , F23N3/082 , F23N5/203 , F23N2023/04 , F23N2023/08 , F23N2027/10 , F23N2031/10 , F23N2033/08 , F23N2041/14
摘要： A heater for a liquid has a combustion chamber, a jacket for the liquid extending about the combustion chamber and a burner head assembly connected to the combustion chamber. The burner head assembly includes a housing having a burner mounted thereon and a hollow interior. A control module and a fan are mounted in the hollow interior, the fan being connected to an electric motor. A compressor and a fuel pump are mounted on the housing and are operatively connected to the electric motor. The control module may include controls for exercising components of the heater prior to combustion, thereby verifying operation of these components. Preferably there is a speed control for the motor, such as a closed loop speed control which regulates motor speed and accordingly output of the heater. Preferably there is a backup system using a lookup table in the event that the closed loop speed control fails. Also preferably there is provision for monitoring flame sensor functionality by providing an indicator light which mirrors operation of the flame sensor. The heater may have a selective soft start for the coolant pump which operates only when required so as to reduce unnecessary chatter on the motor relay. A system is also provided for distinguishing true overcurrent faults from overcurrents arising from voltage changes during starting of the vehicle engine. Reignition algorithms are provided to restart the burner in the event of flame sputters caused, for example, by fuel bubbles, but shut off the heater in the event that the fuel is truly cut off.
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