Optical Systems with Interleaved Light Redirectors

    公开(公告)号:US20250053016A1

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-13

    申请号:US18926112

    申请日:2024-10-24

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that produce images. The display may generate light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide that propagates the light in a first direction towards the output coupler. The output coupler may couple the light out of the waveguide towards the eye box while inverting a parity of the light about the first direction. The coupler may include a first element such as a set of partial mirrors or diffractive gratings that redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. The coupler may include a second element that redirects a second portion of the light in a third direction opposite the second direction. The first element may redirect the second portion and the second element may redirect the first portion towards the eye box.

    Displays with Volume Phase Gratings
    5.
    发明申请

    公开(公告)号:US20200166756A1

    公开(公告)日:2020-05-28

    申请号:US16632830

    申请日:2018-08-14

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display system that produces images. The display system may have one or more pixel arrays such as liquid-crystal-on-silicon pixel arrays. Images from the display system may be coupled into a waveguide by an input coupler and may be coupled out of the waveguide using an output coupler. The input and output couplers may be formed from volume phase holographic gratings. An additional grating may be used to shift light that would otherwise pass above or below the user's field of view towards the viewer. Holographic gratings in the waveguide may have fringes with constant pitch and variable period. The period at a given portion of the grating may be Bragg-matched to maximize diffraction efficiency for light of a given incident angle.

    Waveguided display systems
    7.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US11803056B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-10-31

    申请号:US16546157

    申请日:2019-08-20

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 G02B27/12 G02B27/14 G02B2027/0174

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that emits image light, a waveguide, and an input coupler that couples the image light into the waveguide. Beam splitter structures may be embedded within the waveguide. The beam splitter structures may partially reflect the image light multiple times and may serve to generate replicated beams of light that are coupled out of the waveguide by an output coupler. The beam splitter structures may replicate the beams across two dimensions to provide an eye box with uniform-intensity light from the display across its area. The beam splitter structures may include stacked partially reflective beam splitter layers, sandwiched transparent substrate layers having different indices of refraction, a thick volume hologram interposed between substrate layers, or combinations of these or other structures. The reflectivity of the beam splitter structures may vary discretely or continuously across the lateral area of the waveguide.

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