公开(公告)号：US12298505B2

公开(公告)日：2025-05-13

申请号：US17161469

申请日：2021-01-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vikrant Bhakta ,  Byron R. Cocilovo ,  Guolin Peng ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Se Baek Oh

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B5/20 ,  G02B5/22 ,  G02B5/26 ,  G02B5/32

Abstract: An electronic device may include an emissive display panel that emits light. The light may propagate along an optical path extending to an eye box. A waveguide with an input coupler and an output coupler may be interposed on the optical path. An angle-selective transmission filter (ASTF) may be interposed on the optical path and may filter the emitted light as a function of angle to remove high-angle light from the optical path before the light is provided to the output coupler. The ASTF may include diffractive grating structures such as thin-film holograms, volume holograms, or surface relief gratings, louvered mirrors, multi-layer coatings, or a pinhole array. This ASTF may serve to minimize stray light within the display, thereby optimizing the contrast and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the display.

公开(公告)号：US20240272438A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-15

申请号：US18641244

申请日：2024-04-19

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vikrant Bhakta ,  Guolin Peng ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Kevin A. Keilbach ,  Scott M. DeLapp

IPC: G02B27/01

CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B6/0016 ,  G02B6/003 ,  G02B2027/0123 ,  G02B2027/0147 ,  G02B2027/0163

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display module that generates light and an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The system may include an input coupler on a waveguide and a lens that directs the light towards the input coupler. The input coupler may include a prism having a reflective surface that reflects the light into the waveguide. The reflective surface may be curved to provide the light with an optical power. The prism may be configured to expand a field of view of the light. A birefringent beam displacer may expand the effective pupil size of the light. The lens may include lens elements that converge the light at a location between the lens elements and the waveguide. A switchable panel may be placed at the location and toggled between first and second orientations to increase the effective resolution of the light.

公开(公告)号：US20240103272A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-28

申请号：US18254351

申请日：2021-11-24

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Guolin Peng ,  Vikrant Bhakta ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Di Hu

IPC: G02B27/01

CPC classification number: G02B27/0172

Abstract: A display may include illumination optics (36), a spatial modulator (40) and a waveguide (26). The illumination optics may produce illumination that is modulated by the spatial modulator to produce image light. The waveguide may direct the image light towards an eye box. The illumination optics may include light sources (58) an X-plate (44), and at least one Fresnel lens (60) interposed between the light sources and the X-plate. The Fresnel lenses may minimize the size of the illumination optics while still exhibiting satisfactory optical performance. The spatial light modulator may include a reflective display panel (50) and a powered prism (48) with a reflective coating on a curved reflective surface. The powered prism may optimize f-number while minimizing the volume of the spatial light modulator. The collimating optics may include a diffractive optical element (56) that compensates for thermal effects and chromatic dispersion in the display.

公开(公告)号：US11822079B2

公开(公告)日：2023-11-21

申请号：US16520718

申请日：2019-07-24

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jin Yan ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Igor Stamenov ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Bradley C. Steele ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Se Baek Oh

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02F1/137 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/133

CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B6/0035 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/13306 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02F1/133784

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that provides image light to a waveguide. First and second liquid crystal lenses may be mounted to opposing surfaces of the waveguide. An coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide through the first lens. The second lens may convey world light to the first lens. Control circuitry may control the first lens to apply a first optical power to the image light and the world light and may control the second lens to apply a second optical power to the world light that cancels out the first optical power. Each lens may include two layers of liquid crystal molecules having antiparallel pretilt angles. The pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the first lens may be antiparallel to corresponding pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the second lens about the waveguide.

公开(公告)号：US20210405378A1

公开(公告)日：2021-12-30

申请号：US17474349

申请日：2021-09-14

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hyungryul Choi ,  Bradley C. Steele ,  Brian S. Lau ,  Cameron A. Harder ,  David A. Kalinowski ,  Eric J. Hansotte ,  Guolin Peng ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Vikrant Bhakta ,  Jonathan C. Moisant-Thompson

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G03H1/02 ,  G02F1/137

Abstract: An electronic device may include an optical combiner with a waveguide. The waveguide may have an output coupler that directs high resolution light towards an eye box within a field of view. Peripheral light sources may provide low resolution peripheral light to the eye box about a periphery of the field of view. The peripheral light sources may be mounted to a frame for the waveguide, to an additional substrate mounted to the frame and overlapping the waveguide, in a low resolution projector that projects the peripheral light towards reflective structures in the additional substrate, or in a display module that produces the high resolution light. The optical combiner may overlay real world light with the high resolution light and the low resolution peripheral light.

公开(公告)号：US20200004020A1

公开(公告)日：2020-01-02

申请号：US16409681

申请日：2019-05-10

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vikrant Bhakta ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Guolin Peng ,  Scott M. DeLapp

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B27/30 ,  G02B27/12 ,  G02B27/10

Abstract: An electronic device may have a spatial light modulator. Control circuitry in the electronic device may use the spatial light modulator to generate images. A light source may be used to produce illumination for the spatial light modulator. An optical system may direct the illumination onto the spatial light modulator and may direct corresponding reflected image light towards eye boxes for viewing by a user. Head-mounted support structures may be used to support the spatial light modulator, light source, and optical system. The light source may include light-emitting elements such as light-emitting diodes or lasers. Multiple light-emitting elements may be provided in the light source in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array. During operation, the control circuitry can individually adjust the light-emitting elements.

公开(公告)号：US12174391B2

公开(公告)日：2024-12-24

申请号：US18465795

申请日：2023-09-12

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Christopher Patton ,  Clas M. Oldenbo ,  Scott M. DeLapp

IPC: G02B27/01

Abstract: A head-mounted device may have head-mounted support structures configured to be worn on a head of a user. The head-mounted device may have stereo optical components such as left and right cameras or left and right display systems. The optical components may have respective left and right pointing vectors. Deformation of the support structures may cause the camera pointing vectors and/or the display system pointing vectors to become misaligned. Sensor circuitry such as strain gauge circuitry may measure pointing vector misalignment. Control circuitry may control the cameras and/or the display systems to compensate for measured changes in pointing vector misalignment.

公开(公告)号：US12111467B2

公开(公告)日：2024-10-08

申请号：US16409681

申请日：2019-05-10

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vikrant Bhakta ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Guolin Peng ,  Scott M. DeLapp

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G02B27/12 ,  G02B27/30

CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B3/0037 ,  G02B27/1026 ,  G02B27/126 ,  G02B27/30 ,  G02B2027/0114 ,  G02B2027/013

Abstract: An electronic device may have a spatial light modulator. Control circuitry in the electronic device may use the spatial light modulator to generate images. A light source may be used to produce illumination for the spatial light modulator. An optical system may direct the illumination onto the spatial light modulator and may direct corresponding reflected image light towards eye boxes for viewing by a user. Head-mounted support structures may be used to support the spatial light modulator, light source, and optical system. The light source may include light-emitting elements such as light-emitting diodes or lasers. Multiple light-emitting elements may be provided in the light source in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array. During operation, the control circuitry can individually adjust the light-emitting elements.

公开(公告)号：US20240053823A1

公开(公告)日：2024-02-15

申请号：US18493482

申请日：2023-10-24

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Kathrin Berkner-Cieslicki ,  Se Baek Oh ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Christopher F. Griffo ,  Bradley C. Steele ,  Ting Sun ,  Kenichi Saito ,  Noah D. Bedard

IPC: G06F3/01 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01

CPC classification number: G06F3/013 ,  G02B27/0093 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B2027/0138 ,  G02B2027/014 ,  G02B2027/0174 ,  G02B2027/0187

Abstract: An eye tracking system for detecting position and movements of a user's eyes in a head-mounted display (HMD). The eye tracking system includes at least one eye tracking camera, an illumination source that emits infrared light towards the user's eyes, and diffraction gratings located at the eyepieces. The diffraction gratings redirect or reflect at least a portion of infrared light reflected off the user's eyes, while allowing visible light to pass. The cameras capture images of the user's eyes from the infrared light that is redirected or reflected by the diffraction gratings.

公开(公告)号：US11852819B2

公开(公告)日：2023-12-26

申请号：US17479322

申请日：2021-09-20

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Graham B. Myhre ,  Guolin Peng ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Vikrant Bhakta

IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/28 ,  G02B27/10

CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/0093 ,  G02B27/283 ,  G02B27/1066 ,  G02B2027/014 ,  G02B2027/0138 ,  G02B2027/0147

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display module that produces foveated images having high and low resolution regions. The module may include a reflective display panel that produces first reflected light during first time periods and second reflected light during second time periods. The first reflected light may reflect off of a beam splitter to form the low resolution region of the foveated image. The second reflected light may be transmitted by the beam splitter, de-magnified by a lens, and redirected by an optical steering element to produce the high resolution region at a desired, adjustable, location in the foveated image. The reflective display panel may be replaced by sets of emissive display panels that concurrently display the high and low resolution regions in the foveated image. The sets of emissive display panels may be replaced by front-lit reflective display panels.