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    Optical Systems with Interleaved Light Redirectors
    1.
    发明申请
    Optical Systems with Interleaved Light Redirectors 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20250053016A1

    公开(公告)日：2025-02-13

    申请号：US18926112

    申请日：2024-10-24

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Se Baek Oh ,  Bradley C. Steele ,  Byron R. Cocilovo ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Graham B. Myhre

    IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02B5/08 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B27/09

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that produce images. The display may generate light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide that propagates the light in a first direction towards the output coupler. The output coupler may couple the light out of the waveguide towards the eye box while inverting a parity of the light about the first direction. The coupler may include a first element such as a set of partial mirrors or diffractive gratings that redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. The coupler may include a second element that redirects a second portion of the light in a third direction opposite the second direction. The first element may redirect the second portion and the second element may redirect the first portion towards the eye box.

    Waveguided display systems
    2.
    发明授权
    Waveguided display systems 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11803056B2

    公开(公告)日：2023-10-31

    申请号：US16546157

    申请日：2019-08-20

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Guolin Peng ,  Eric J. Hansotte ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Graham B. Myhre ,  Hyungryul Choi ,  Nan Zhu ,  Paul J. Gelsinger-Austin ,  Se Baek Oh ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Bradley C. Steele

    IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/12 ,  G02B27/14

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/12 ,  G02B27/14 ,  G02B2027/0174

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that emits image light, a waveguide, and an input coupler that couples the image light into the waveguide. Beam splitter structures may be embedded within the waveguide. The beam splitter structures may partially reflect the image light multiple times and may serve to generate replicated beams of light that are coupled out of the waveguide by an output coupler. The beam splitter structures may replicate the beams across two dimensions to provide an eye box with uniform-intensity light from the display across its area. The beam splitter structures may include stacked partially reflective beam splitter layers, sandwiched transparent substrate layers having different indices of refraction, a thick volume hologram interposed between substrate layers, or combinations of these or other structures. The reflectivity of the beam splitter structures may vary discretely or continuously across the lateral area of the waveguide.

    Waveguide Display with Gaze Tracking
    6.
    发明公开
    Waveguide Display with Gaze Tracking 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20240103273A1

    公开(公告)日：2024-03-28

    申请号：US18262902

    申请日：2022-02-04

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Francesco Aieta ,  Byron R. Cocilovo ,  Jonathan B. Pfeiffer ,  Se Baek Oh

    IPC: G02B27/01 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B27/00

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B6/0016 ,  G02B6/0036 ,  G02B27/0093 ,  G02B2027/0138

    Abstract: A display may include a waveguide. An input coupler may couple image light into the waveguide and an output coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide. A surface relief grating on the waveguide may couple infrared light into the waveguide and may couple the infrared light out of the waveguide. The surface relief grating may additionally or alternatively couple reflected infrared light into the waveguide and out of the waveguide and towards an infrared sensor. The surface relief grating may also form a cross-coupler for the image light. The infrared sensor may gather infrared sensor data based on the reflected infrared light. Control circuitry may perform gaze tracking operations based on the infrared sensor data. The input and output couplers may also be formed from surface relief gratings or may include other optical components.

    Optical Systems with Light-Expanding Couplers
    7.
    发明申请
    Optical Systems with Light-Expanding Couplers 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220066204A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-03-03

    申请号：US17423196

    申请日：2020-05-26

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Jonathan B. Pfeiffer ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Se Baek Oh ,  Friso Schlottau ,  Adam C. Urness

    IPC: G02B27/00 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B27/01 ,  F21V8/00

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.

    Waveguided Display System With Adjustable Lenses
    8.
    发明申请
    Waveguided Display System With Adjustable Lenses 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20200049996A1

    公开(公告)日：2020-02-13

    申请号：US16520718

    申请日：2019-07-24

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Jin Yan ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Igor Stamenov ,  Scott M. DeLapp ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Bradley C. Steele ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Se Baek Oh

    IPC: G02B27/01 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  F21V8/00

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that provides image light to a waveguide. First and second liquid crystal lenses may be mounted to opposing surfaces of the waveguide. An coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide through the first lens. The second lens may convey world light to the first lens. Control circuitry may control the first lens to apply a first optical power to the image light and the world light and may control the second lens to apply a second optical power to the world light that cancels out the first optical power. Each lens may include two layers of liquid crystal molecules having antiparallel pretilt angles. The pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the first lens may be antiparallel to corresponding pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the second lens about the waveguide.

    Waveguide display with gaze tracking
    9.
    发明授权
    Waveguide display with gaze tracking 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12216282B2

    公开(公告)日：2025-02-04

    申请号：US18262902

    申请日：2022-02-04

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Francesco Aieta ,  Byron R. Cocilovo ,  Jonathan B. Pfeiffer ,  Se Baek Oh

    IPC: G02B27/01 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B27/00

    Abstract: A display may include a waveguide. An input coupler may couple image light into the waveguide and an output coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide. A surface relief grating on the waveguide may couple infrared light into the waveguide and may couple the infrared light out of the waveguide. The surface relief grating may additionally or alternatively couple reflected infrared light into the waveguide and out of the waveguide and towards an infrared sensor. The surface relief grating may also form a cross-coupler for the image light. The infrared sensor may gather infrared sensor data based on the reflected infrared light. Control circuitry may perform gaze tracking operations based on the infrared sensor data. The input and output couplers may also be formed from surface relief gratings or may include other optical components.

    Optical Systems with Gratings and Anti-reflective Layers
    10.
    发明申请
    Optical Systems with Gratings and Anti-reflective Layers 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20250028082A1

    公开(公告)日：2025-01-23

    申请号：US18904959

    申请日：2024-10-02

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Jian Gao ,  Francesco Aieta ,  Jaebum Chung ,  Ligang Wang ,  Se Baek Oh ,  Brandon Born

    IPC: G02B1/11 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B27/01

    Abstract: A display system may include a waveguide and at least one surface relief grating (SRG) structure. The SRG structure may include a plurality of ridges separated by a plurality of troughs. The SRG structure may include an anti-reflective layer to mitigate specular reflections off of the ridges. The anti-reflective layer may be formed above the ridges such that the ridges are interposed between the waveguide and the anti-reflective layer. In this type of arrangement, the anti-reflective layer may fill the troughs between the ridges or may be patterned to overlap the ridges without filing the troughs. The anti-reflective layer may be formed below the ridges such that the anti-reflective layer is interposed between the ridges and the waveguide. The SRG structure may include multiple anti-reflective layers. When multiple anti-reflective layers are included, the anti-reflective layers may have at least one differing property (e.g., material, number of layers, dimension).

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