Optical Systems for Displays
    5.
    发明公开

    公开(公告)号:US20240302664A1

    公开(公告)日:2024-09-12

    申请号:US18670007

    申请日:2024-05-21

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system for presenting images close to a user's eyes. The display system may include a display unit that directs light and an optical system that redirects the light from the display unit towards a user's eyes. The optical system may include an input coupler and an output coupler formed on a waveguide. The input coupler may redirect light from the display unit so that it propagates in the waveguide towards the output coupler. The output coupler may redirect the light from the input coupler so that it exits the waveguide towards the user's eyes. A light-redirecting element may be used to redirect edge light that would otherwise be outside of the user's field of view towards the user's eyes.

    Waveguided display systems
    7.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US11803056B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-10-31

    申请号:US16546157

    申请日:2019-08-20

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 G02B27/12 G02B27/14 G02B2027/0174

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that emits image light, a waveguide, and an input coupler that couples the image light into the waveguide. Beam splitter structures may be embedded within the waveguide. The beam splitter structures may partially reflect the image light multiple times and may serve to generate replicated beams of light that are coupled out of the waveguide by an output coupler. The beam splitter structures may replicate the beams across two dimensions to provide an eye box with uniform-intensity light from the display across its area. The beam splitter structures may include stacked partially reflective beam splitter layers, sandwiched transparent substrate layers having different indices of refraction, a thick volume hologram interposed between substrate layers, or combinations of these or other structures. The reflectivity of the beam splitter structures may vary discretely or continuously across the lateral area of the waveguide.

    Optical Systems with Interleaved Light Redirectors

    公开(公告)号:US20250053016A1

    公开(公告)日:2025-02-13

    申请号:US18926112

    申请日:2024-10-24

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that produce images. The display may generate light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide that propagates the light in a first direction towards the output coupler. The output coupler may couple the light out of the waveguide towards the eye box while inverting a parity of the light about the first direction. The coupler may include a first element such as a set of partial mirrors or diffractive gratings that redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. The coupler may include a second element that redirects a second portion of the light in a third direction opposite the second direction. The first element may redirect the second portion and the second element may redirect the first portion towards the eye box.

    Optical Systems Having Angle-Selective Transmission Filters

    公开(公告)号:US20210247610A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-08-12

    申请号:US17161469

    申请日:2021-01-28

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may include an emissive display panel that emits light. The light may propagate along an optical path extending to an eye box. A waveguide with an input coupler and an output coupler may be interposed on the optical path. An angle-selective transmission filter (ASTF) may be interposed on the optical path and may filter the emitted light as a function of angle to remove high-angle light from the optical path before the light is provided to the output coupler. The ASTF may include diffractive grating structures such as thin-film holograms, volume holograms, or surface relief gratings, louvered mirrors, multi-layer coatings, or a pinhole array. This ASTF may serve to minimize stray light within the display, thereby optimizing the contrast and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the display.

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