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公开(公告)号:US20240264434A1
公开(公告)日:2024-08-08
申请号:US18639487
申请日:2024-04-18
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Jonathan B. Pfeiffer , Francesco Aieta , Se Baek Oh , Friso Schlottau , Adam C. Urness
CPC classification number: G02B27/0081 , G02B5/1814 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/125 , G02B27/0103 , G02B27/0172 , G02B27/4211 , G02B27/4272 , G02B6/0011 , G02B6/0015 , G02B2006/12107 , G02B2006/12114 , G02B2006/12147 , G02B6/124 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0134 , G02B2027/0174
Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.
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公开(公告)号:US12019238B2
公开(公告)日:2024-06-25
申请号:US16089006
申请日:2017-06-06
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Graham B. Myhre , Eric J. Hansotte , Guolin Peng , Hyungryul Choi , Se Baek Oh , Paul Gelsinger-Austin
CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 , G02B6/0023 , G02B6/0035 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0174 , G02B2027/0178
Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system for presenting images close to a user's eyes. The display system may include a display unit that directs light and an optical system that redirects the light from the display unit towards a user's eyes. The optical system may include an input coupler and an output coupler formed on a waveguide. The input coupler may redirect light from the display unit so that it propagates in the waveguide towards the output coupler. The output coupler may redirect the light from the input coupler so that it exits the waveguide towards the user's eyes. A light-redirecting element may be used to redirect edge light that would otherwise be outside of the user's field of view towards the user's eyes.
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公开(公告)号:US11994672B2
公开(公告)日:2024-05-28
申请号:US17423196
申请日:2020-05-26
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Jonathan B. Pfeiffer , Francesco Aieta , Se Baek Oh , Friso Schlottau , Adam C. Urness
IPC: G02B27/00 , F21V8/00 , G02B5/18 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/124 , G02B6/125 , G02B27/01 , G02B27/42
CPC classification number: G02B27/0081 , G02B5/1814 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/125 , G02B27/0103 , G02B27/0172 , G02B27/4211 , G02B27/4272 , G02B6/0011 , G02B6/0015 , G02B2006/12107 , G02B2006/12114 , G02B2006/12147 , G02B6/124 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0134 , G02B2027/0174
Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.
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公开(公告)号:US11822079B2
公开(公告)日:2023-11-21
申请号:US16520718
申请日:2019-07-24
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Jin Yan , Young Cheol Yang , Igor Stamenov , Scott M. DeLapp , Francesco Aieta , Bradley C. Steele , Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov , Se Baek Oh
IPC: G02B27/01 , G02F1/137 , F21V8/00 , G02F1/1337 , G02F1/1347 , G02F1/133
CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 , G02B6/0035 , G02F1/137 , G02F1/13306 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/133784
Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that provides image light to a waveguide. First and second liquid crystal lenses may be mounted to opposing surfaces of the waveguide. An coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide through the first lens. The second lens may convey world light to the first lens. Control circuitry may control the first lens to apply a first optical power to the image light and the world light and may control the second lens to apply a second optical power to the world light that cancels out the first optical power. Each lens may include two layers of liquid crystal molecules having antiparallel pretilt angles. The pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the first lens may be antiparallel to corresponding pretilt angles and rubbing directions of the second lens about the waveguide.
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公开(公告)号:US20240302664A1
公开(公告)日:2024-09-12
申请号:US18670007
申请日:2024-05-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Graham B. Myhre , Eric J. Hansotte , Guolin Peng , Hyungryul Choi , Se Baek Oh , Paul Gelsinger-Austin
IPC: G02B27/01
CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 , G02B6/0023 , G02B6/0035 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0174 , G02B2027/0178
Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system for presenting images close to a user's eyes. The display system may include a display unit that directs light and an optical system that redirects the light from the display unit towards a user's eyes. The optical system may include an input coupler and an output coupler formed on a waveguide. The input coupler may redirect light from the display unit so that it propagates in the waveguide towards the output coupler. The output coupler may redirect the light from the input coupler so that it exits the waveguide towards the user's eyes. A light-redirecting element may be used to redirect edge light that would otherwise be outside of the user's field of view towards the user's eyes.
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公开(公告)号:US11829528B2
公开(公告)日:2023-11-28
申请号:US17718083
申请日:2022-04-11
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Kathrin Berkner-Cieslicki , Se Baek Oh , Scott M. DeLapp , Christopher F. Griffo , Bradley C. Steele , Ting Sun , Kenichi Saito , Noah D. Bedard
CPC classification number: G06F3/013 , G02B27/0093 , G02B27/0172 , G02B2027/014 , G02B2027/0138 , G02B2027/0174 , G02B2027/0187
Abstract: An eye tracking system for detecting position and movements of a user's eyes in a head-mounted display (HMD). The eye tracking system includes at least one eye tracking camera, an illumination source that emits infrared light towards the user's eyes, and diffraction gratings located at the eyepieces. The diffraction gratings redirect or reflect at least a portion of infrared light reflected off the user's eyes, while allowing visible light to pass. The cameras capture images of the user's eyes from the infrared light that is redirected or reflected by the diffraction gratings.
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公开(公告)号:US11803056B2
公开(公告)日:2023-10-31
申请号:US16546157
申请日:2019-08-20
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Guolin Peng , Eric J. Hansotte , Francesco Aieta , Graham B. Myhre , Hyungryul Choi , Nan Zhu , Paul J. Gelsinger-Austin , Se Baek Oh , Scott M. DeLapp , Bradley C. Steele
CPC classification number: G02B27/0172 , G02B27/12 , G02B27/14 , G02B2027/0174
Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that emits image light, a waveguide, and an input coupler that couples the image light into the waveguide. Beam splitter structures may be embedded within the waveguide. The beam splitter structures may partially reflect the image light multiple times and may serve to generate replicated beams of light that are coupled out of the waveguide by an output coupler. The beam splitter structures may replicate the beams across two dimensions to provide an eye box with uniform-intensity light from the display across its area. The beam splitter structures may include stacked partially reflective beam splitter layers, sandwiched transparent substrate layers having different indices of refraction, a thick volume hologram interposed between substrate layers, or combinations of these or other structures. The reflectivity of the beam splitter structures may vary discretely or continuously across the lateral area of the waveguide.
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公开(公告)号:US20220236799A1
公开(公告)日:2022-07-28
申请号:US17718083
申请日:2022-04-11
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Kathrin Berkner-Cieslicki , Se Baek Oh , Scott M. DeLapp , Christopher F. Griffo , Bradley C. Steele , Ting Sun , Kenichi Saito , Noah D. Bedard
Abstract: An eye tracking system for detecting position and movements of a user's eyes in a head-mounted display (HMD). The eye tracking system includes at least one eye tracking camera, an illumination source that emits infrared light towards the user's eyes, and diffraction gratings located at the eyepieces. The diffraction gratings redirect or reflect at least a portion of infrared light reflected off the user's eyes, while allowing visible light to pass. The cameras capture images of the user's eyes from the infrared light that is redirected or reflected by the diffraction gratings.
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公开(公告)号:US20250053016A1
公开(公告)日:2025-02-13
申请号:US18926112
申请日:2024-10-24
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Se Baek Oh , Bradley C. Steele , Byron R. Cocilovo , Francesco Aieta , Graham B. Myhre
Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that produce images. The display may generate light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide that propagates the light in a first direction towards the output coupler. The output coupler may couple the light out of the waveguide towards the eye box while inverting a parity of the light about the first direction. The coupler may include a first element such as a set of partial mirrors or diffractive gratings that redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. The coupler may include a second element that redirects a second portion of the light in a third direction opposite the second direction. The first element may redirect the second portion and the second element may redirect the first portion towards the eye box.
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公开(公告)号:US20210247610A1
公开(公告)日:2021-08-12
申请号:US17161469
申请日:2021-01-28
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor: Vikrant Bhakta , Byron R. Cocilovo , Guolin Peng , Hyungryul Choi , Scott M. DeLapp , Se Baek Oh
Abstract: An electronic device may include an emissive display panel that emits light. The light may propagate along an optical path extending to an eye box. A waveguide with an input coupler and an output coupler may be interposed on the optical path. An angle-selective transmission filter (ASTF) may be interposed on the optical path and may filter the emitted light as a function of angle to remove high-angle light from the optical path before the light is provided to the output coupler. The ASTF may include diffractive grating structures such as thin-film holograms, volume holograms, or surface relief gratings, louvered mirrors, multi-layer coatings, or a pinhole array. This ASTF may serve to minimize stray light within the display, thereby optimizing the contrast and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the display.
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