Ultrasonic transducers for position tracking

    公开(公告)号:US12067161B1

    公开(公告)日:2024-08-20

    申请号:US17234659

    申请日:2021-04-19

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G06F3/013 G01S7/521 G01S15/003 G01S15/42 G01S15/88

    Abstract: Ultrasonic transducers may be used to track the position of an object. For example, eyewear such as a pair of glasses or other head-mounted device may use ultrasonic transducers to track a user's eye position and gaze direction. To increase positioning accuracy over short-range distances, an array of ultrasonic transducers with different center frequencies may be formed on a common substrate. The closely spaced ultrasonic transducers with relatively small individual bandwidths may be used to simulate a single transducer with a larger bandwidth. Control circuitry may adjust the phases of the transducers in the array to steer the ultrasonic signal beam towards the user's eye and/or to receive an ultrasonic signal beam from the direction of the user's eye. The control circuitry may use time delay and/or phase delay measurement techniques to determine a distance and/or direction to the user's eye using the ultrasonic transducer arrays.

    Electrode Driving Schemes for Tunable Lens Systems

    公开(公告)号:US20230408848A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-12-21

    申请号:US18456315

    申请日:2023-08-25

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G02C7/083 G02F1/294

    Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses may include one or more adjustable lenses. An adjustable lens may include electrically modulated optical material such as one or more liquid crystal cells having a phase profile that is adjusted using patterned electrodes. Digital-to-analog converter circuits may provide voltages to the electrodes. To save space on the lens, a smaller number of digital-to-analog converter circuits may provide voltages to a greater number of electrodes by sequentially coupling and decoupling the digital-to-analog converter circuits to different groups of electrodes, advancing from group-to-group with each clock cycle by a number of electrodes that is less than the number of digital-to-analog converter circuits. At least one of the electrodes in each group may be driven at the same voltage for two consecutive clock cycles to avoid erroneous voltages resulting from the parasitic capacitance between adjacent fingers.

    Hybrid gaze tracking system
    3.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US12248626B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-03-11

    申请号:US18681275

    申请日:2022-08-05

    Applicant: APPLE INC.

    Abstract: Various implementations disclosed herein include devices, systems, and methods that perform gaze tracking using combinations of ultrasound and imaging data. Some implementations detect a first attribute of an eye using imaging measurements in a first image of the eye, and a first location associated with the first attribute is determined in a 3D coordinate system based on depth information. A second attribute of the eye is detected based on depth information from ultrasound based measurements of the eye, and a second location associated with the second attribute is determined in the 3D coordinate system based on the depth information and a 3D model of a portion of the eye. A gaze direction in the 3D coordinate system is determined based on the first location and the second location. In some implementations, user characteristics are identified (e.g., authentication) using ultrasonic biometric characteristics with imaging biometrics.

    Tunable and foveated lens systems

    公开(公告)号:US12189216B2

    公开(公告)日:2025-01-07

    申请号:US17392011

    申请日:2021-08-02

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses may include one or more adjustable lenses that are each configured to align with a respective one of a user's eyes. The adjustable lenses may each include electrically modulated optical material such as one or more liquid crystal cells. The liquid crystal cells may include arrays of electrodes that extend along one, two, three, four, or more than four directions. Control circuitry may apply control signals to the array of electrodes in each liquid crystal cell to produce a desired phase profile. Each lens may be foveated such that portions of the lens within the user's gaze exhibit a different phase profile than portions of the lens outside of the user's gaze. The control circuitry may adjust the location of the optically distinct area so that it remains aligned with the user's gaze.

    Tunable and foveated lens systems

    公开(公告)号:US11086143B1

    公开(公告)日:2021-08-10

    申请号:US16436784

    申请日:2019-06-10

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses may include one or more adjustable lenses that are each configured to align with a respective one of a user's eyes. The adjustable lenses may each include electrically modulated optical material such as one or more liquid crystal cells. The liquid crystal cells may include arrays of electrodes that extend along one, two, three, four, or more than four directions. Control circuitry may apply control signals to the array of electrodes in each liquid crystal cell to produce a desired phase profile. Each lens may be foveated such that portions of the lens within the user's gaze exhibit a different phase profile than portions of the lens outside of the user's gaze. The control circuitry may adjust the location of the optically distinct area so that it remains aligned with the user's gaze.

    Tunable Lens Controlled by an Actuator
    6.
    发明公开

    公开(公告)号:US20240288612A1

    公开(公告)日:2024-08-29

    申请号:US18660072

    申请日:2024-05-09

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G02B3/12 G02B27/0172 G02B27/0176 G02B2027/0154

    Abstract: A head-mounted device may have a display that displays content for a user. Head-mounted support structures in the device support the display on the head of the user. A lens module in the head-mounted device may include a transparent lens element, a positioner that extends around the periphery of the transparent lens element, and an actuator that selectively shifts the positioner in a first direction. Shifting the positioner in the first direction causes the transparent lens element to be biased in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction at multiple points around the periphery of the transparent lens elements. The positioner may be attached to guide structures that each have a respective angled slot. Each angled slot may receive a respective tab of the transparent lens element or a respective tab of a lens shaping element that is attached to the transparent lens element.

    Tunable lens systems with voltage selection circuitry

    公开(公告)号:US11880111B1

    公开(公告)日:2024-01-23

    申请号:US17181911

    申请日:2021-02-22

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses may include one or more adjustable lenses that are each configured to align with a respective one of a user's eyes. The adjustable lenses may each include electrically modulated optical material such as one or more liquid crystal cells, each having a phase profile that is adjusted using patterned electrodes. Analog voltages may be provided to the patterned electrodes through variable-resistance conductive paths that are each coupled to a subset of the patterned electrodes. Digital voltage selection circuitry may be used to select which analog voltage to apply to each of the variable-resistance conductive paths from a predetermined set of analog voltages that are generated off of the lens. The digital voltage selection circuitry may include an array of multiplexers, each of which selects a desired voltage based on control signals received from digital control circuitry such a shift register and/or a decoder.

    Electronic Devices With Ultrasonic Temperature Sensors

    公开(公告)号:US20240019318A1

    公开(公告)日:2024-01-18

    申请号:US18304197

    申请日:2023-04-20

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    CPC classification number: G01K11/24 H10N30/302

    Abstract: An electronic device may include one or more ultrasonic temperature sensors. The ultrasonic temperature sensors may be formed in openings or cavities in a housing of the electronic device. The ultrasonic temperature sensors may include ultrasonic transmitters that transmit signals at different ultrasonic frequencies and ultrasonic receivers that receive the transmitted signals. Phase differences between the received ultrasonic signals may be used to determine the speed of sound of ambient air and therefore calculate the temperature of the ambient air. The ultrasonic transmitters and receivers may include piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUTs). Each transmitter and receiver may be a dedicated transmitter or receiver, or may transmit and receive ultrasonic signals. Each receiver may include an array of PMUTs that receive ultrasonic signals of different frequencies. The PMUTS may be formed on complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS).

    Tunable and foveated lens systems
    10.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US11221488B1

    公开(公告)日:2022-01-11

    申请号:US16917323

    申请日:2020-06-30

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: A pair of eyeglasses may include one or more adjustable lenses that are each configured to align with a respective one of a user's eyes. The adjustable lenses may include a foveated liquid crystal adjustable lens stacked with a non-liquid-crystal adjustable lens such as a fluid-filled lens or an Alvarez lens. The foveated adjustable lens may include electrically modulated optical material such as one or more liquid crystal cells. The liquid crystal cells may include arrays of electrodes that extend along one, two, three, four, or more than four directions. Control circuitry may apply control signals to the array of electrodes in each liquid crystal cell to produce a desired phase profile. Each lens may be foveated such that portions of the lens within the user's gaze exhibit a different phase profile than portions of the lens outside of the user's gaze.

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