公开(公告)号：US07656465B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-02

申请号：US11250879

申请日：2005-10-14

申请人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Kimiaki Nakamura ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Katsunori Misaki ,  Naoto Kondo ,  Akira Komorita

发明人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Kimiaki Nakamura ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Katsunori Misaki ,  Naoto Kondo ,  Akira Komorita

IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1343

CPC分类号： G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2001/133757 ,  G02F2203/30

摘要： Fine electrode patterns pattern-formed in the shape of fine teeth of a comb bilaterally symmetrical with respect to band-shaped portions are formed at even intervals in a pixel electrode, and band-shaped dielectric layers are pattern-formed at even intervals to cover the fine electrode patterns in a display pixel. By the existence of the dielectric layer and the fine electrode patterns complementing this, a portion formed with this layer and the fine electrode patterns is a high threshold voltage region, and relatively, a low threshold voltage region where the dielectric layer does not exist is formed. By the aforementioned construction, it becomes possible to improve a delay in response speed at low gray levels and increase the speed of halftone response, whereby a very reliable image display having moving image performance almost equal to that of a CRT is realized.

摘要翻译： 在像素电极中以均匀间隔形成以相对于带状部分为双边对称的梳子的细齿形状的图案形成的细电极图案，并且以均匀间隔形成带状电介质层以覆盖 显示像素中的细电极图案。 由于介电层的存在和与其补充的细电极图案，形成有该层的部分和微细电极图案是高阈值电压区域，相对地，形成介电层不存在的低阈值电压区域 。 通过上述结构，可以提高低灰度级的响应速度的延迟并提高半色调响应的速度，从而实现具有与CRT相似的运动图像性能的非常可靠的图像显示。

公开(公告)号：US20060097970A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-11

申请号：US11250879

申请日：2005-10-15

申请人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Kimiaki Nakamura ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Katsunori Misaki ,  Naoto Kondo ,  Akira Komorita

发明人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Kimiaki Nakamura ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Katsunori Misaki ,  Naoto Kondo ,  Akira Komorita

IPC分类号： G09G3/36

CPC分类号： G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2001/133757 ,  G02F2203/30

摘要： Fine electrode patterns pattern-formed in the shape of fine teeth of a comb bilaterally symmetrical with respect to band-shaped portions are formed at even intervals in a pixel electrode, and band-shaped dielectric layers are pattern-formed at even intervals to cover the fine electrode patterns in a display pixel. By the existence of the dielectric layer and the fine electrode pattern complementing this, a portion formed with these layer and fine electrode pattern is a high threshold voltage region, and relatively, a low threshold voltage region where the dielectric layer does not exist is formed. By the aforementioned construction, it becomes possible to improve a delay in response speed at low gray levels and increase the speed of halftone response, whereby a very reliable image display having moving image performance almost equal to that of a CRT is realized.

公开(公告)号：US20050146664A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US11029965

申请日：2005-01-05

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/139

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： The invention relates to a liquid crystal display based on an MVA mode of multi-division alignment in which alignment states of liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are made different from each other, and provides a liquid crystal display in which a drop in transmittance is suppressed and response characteristics are improved. The liquid crystal display is constructed so as to include a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, an alignment regulating structural member arranged on at least one of the pair of substrates, for regulating a total alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer at a time of voltage application, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton for tilting the liquid crystal molecules.

公开(公告)号：US20110063553A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-17

申请号：US12951630

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： The invention relates to a liquid crystal display based on an MVA mode of multi-division alignment in which alignment states of liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are made different from each other, and provides a liquid crystal display in which a drop in transmittance is suppressed and response characteristics are improved. The liquid crystal display is constructed so as to include a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, an alignment regulating structural member arranged on at least one of the pair of substrates, for regulating a total alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer at a time of voltage application, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton for tilting the liquid crystal molecules.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种基于多分辨对准的MVA模式的液晶显示器，其中具有负介电各向异性的液晶分子的取向状态彼此不同，并且提供了一种液晶显示器，其中透射率降低 被抑制，响应特性提高。 液晶显示器被构造成包括一对具有预定单元格间隙并且彼此相对布置的基板，在该对基板之间形成的垂直取向膜，密封在垂直取向膜之间并具有负的液晶层 介电各向异性，布置在所述一对基板中的至少一个基板上的对准调节结构构件，用于调节在施加电压时液晶层中的液晶分子的总取向方向，以及设置在液晶中的固化材料 并且包括用于倾斜液晶分子的液晶骨架。

公开(公告)号：US20090059148A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US12261788

申请日：2008-10-30

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： The invention relates to a liquid crystal display based on an MVA mode of multi-division alignment in which alignment states of liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are made different from each other, and provides a liquid crystal display in which a drop in transmittance is suppressed and response characteristics are improved. The liquid crystal display is constructed so as to include a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, an alignment regulating structural member arranged on at least one of the pair of substrates, for regulating a total alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer at a time of voltage application, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton for tilting the liquid crystal molecules.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种基于多分辨对准的MVA模式的液晶显示器，其中具有负介电各向异性的液晶分子的取向状态彼此不同，并且提供了一种液晶显示器，其中透射率降低 被抑制，响应特性提高。 液晶显示器被构造成包括一对具有预定单元格间隙并且彼此相对布置的基板，在该对基板之间形成的垂直取向膜，密封在垂直取向膜之间并具有负的液晶层 介电各向异性，布置在所述一对基板中的至少一个基板上的对准调节结构构件，用于调节在施加电压时液晶层中的液晶分子的总取向方向，以及设置在液晶中的固化材料 并且包括用于倾斜液晶分子的液晶骨架。

公开(公告)号：US08531634B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-10

申请号：US12951630

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates arranged opposite to each other to form a gap; spaced vertical alignment films formed on the substrate in the gap; a cured material formed on at least one of the alignment films in the gap; and a liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules. The display also includes a pixel electrode formed on one of the substrates in a pixel region and having either a plurality of elongated members arranged with spaces therebetween and connected by a connecting member or a plurality of elongated openings arranged in patterns. Finally, the cured material is at least formed on the vertical alignment films so that an alignment direction of at least the liquid crystal molecules adjacent the alignment films is regulated.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶显示器，包括彼此相对布置以形成间隙的一对基板; 在间隙中形成在衬底上的间隔垂直取向膜; 形成在所述间隙中的至少一个取向膜上的固化材料; 和液晶分子的液晶层。 显示器还包括形成在像素区域中的一个基板上的像素电极，并且具有多个细长部件，多个细长部件间隔开间隔开，并通过连接部件或以图案排列的多个细长开口连接。 最后，固化材料至少形成在垂直取向膜上，从而调节至少与取向膜相邻的液晶分子的取向方向。

公开(公告)号：US07499132B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-03

申请号：US11029965

申请日：2005-01-05

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates arranged opposite to each other, electrodes respectively formed on opposite surfaces of the pair of substrates, and an alignment regulating structural member, formed on at least one of the pair of substrates, and which includes at least one of a linear projection arranged on the electrode and a slit portion formed by removing a part of an electrode material of the electrode. A liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrates and has a negative dielectric anisotropy, in which alignment control is made such that when a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an alignment orientation of a liquid crystal domain in a region adjacent to the alignment regulating structural member is different from an extending direction of the alignment regulating structural member by approximately 45°, and at a time of no voltage application, a liquid crystal molecule of a region where the alignment regulating structural member does not exist is substantially vertically aligned, and a liquid crystal molecule on the alignment regulating structural member or on its opposite portion is un-vertically aligned.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶显示器，包括彼此相对布置的一对基板，分别形成在所述一对基板的相对表面上的电极以及形成在所述一对基板中的至少一个基板上的对准调节结构部件，并且至少包括 布置在电极上的线性突起之一和通过去除电极的电极材料的一部分而形成的狭缝部分。 液晶层被密封在基板之间并具有负的介电各向异性，其中进行取向控制，使得当向电极施加电压时，与取向调节结构相邻的区域中的液晶畴的取向取向 构件不同于对准调节结构构件的延伸方向大约45°，并且在不施加电压的情况下，不存在对准调节结构构件的区域的液晶分子基本上垂直对准，并且 在对准调节结构件上或其相对部分上的液晶分子是非垂直对准的。

公开(公告)号：US07872719B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US12261788

申请日：2008-10-30

申请人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

发明人： Kazutaka Hanaoka ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi ,  Kazuya Ueda ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Arihiro Takeda ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Yuichi Inoue ,  Norio Sugiura

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/1393

摘要： A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton, which is tilted with respect to the substrate at a first angle, for changing tilt angles of liquid crystal molecules for each of predetermined regions. The vertical alignment films have an alignment control direction that defines a second angle with respect to said substrates, wherein the second angle is different from the first angle.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶显示器，包括具有预定单元间隙的一对基板，彼此相对布置，在所述一对基板之间形成的垂直取向膜，密封在所述垂直取向膜之间并具有负介电各向异性的液晶层，以及 提供在液晶层中并且包括相对于基板以第一角度倾斜的液晶骨架，用于改变每个预定区域的液晶分子的倾斜角。 垂直取向膜具有相对于所述基板限定第二角度的对准控制方向，其中第二角度与第一角度不同。

公开(公告)号：US20120120338A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-17

申请号：US13358028

申请日：2012-01-25

申请人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Katsufumi Ohmuro ,  Yoshio Koike ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Takashi Sasabayashi ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Hideo Chida ,  Makoto Ohashi ,  Kenji Okamoto ,  Hisashi Yamaguchi ,  Minoru Otani ,  Makoto Morishige ,  Noriaki Furukawa ,  Tsuyoshi Kamada ,  Yoshinori Tanaka ,  Atuyuki Hoshino ,  Shougo Hayashi ,  Hideaki Takizawa ,  Takeshi Kinjou ,  Makoto Tachibanaki ,  Keiji Imoto ,  Tadashi Hasegawa ,  Hidefumi Yoshida ,  Hiroyasu Inoue ,  Yoji Taniguchi ,  Tetsuya Fujikawa ,  Satoshi Murata ,  Manabu Sawasaki ,  Tomonori Tanose ,  Siro Hirota ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Kunihiro Tashiro ,  Kouji Tsukao ,  Yasutoshi Tasaka ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi

发明人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Katsufumi Ohmuro ,  Yoshio Koike ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Takashi Sasabayashi ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Hideo Chida ,  Makoto Ohashi ,  Kenji Okamoto ,  Hisashi Yamaguchi ,  Minoru Otani ,  Makoto Morishige ,  Noriaki Furukawa ,  Tsuyoshi Kamada ,  Yoshinori Tanaka ,  Atuyuki Hoshino ,  Shougo Hayashi ,  Hideaki Takizawa ,  Takeshi Kinjou ,  Makoto Tachibanaki ,  Keiji Imoto ,  Tadashi Hasegawa ,  Hidefumi Yoshida ,  Hiroyasu Inoue ,  Yoji Taniguchi ,  Tetsuya Fujikawa ,  Satoshi Murata ,  Manabu Sawasaki ,  Tomonori Tanose ,  Siro Hirota ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Kunihiro Tashiro ,  Kouji Tsukao ,  Yasutoshi Tasaka ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi

IPC分类号： G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1368

CPC分类号： G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/134336 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2413/10

摘要： A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules provided between a first substrate and a second substrate; pixels forming a display area; electrodes for applying a voltage across the liquid crystal layer within each of the pixels; a plurality of domain regulating structures for dividing orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and forming multiple domains within each of the pixels, when a predetermined voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer within each of the pixels; and a structure which is formed in an outer area located next to the display area and is substantially the same as at least one of the plurality of domain regulating structures.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶显示装置，包括设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的包括液晶分子的液晶层; 形成显示区域的像素; 用于在每个像素内的液晶层上施加电压的电极; 以及多个域调节结构，用于当在每个像素内跨越液晶层施加预定电压时，分离液晶分子的取向并在每个像素内形成多个畴; 以及形成在位于显示区域附近的外部区域并且与多个区域调节结构中的至少一个基本相同的结构。

公开(公告)号：US07821603B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-26

申请号：US12431412

申请日：2009-04-28

申请人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Katsufumi Ohmuro ,  Yoshio Koike ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Takashi Sasabayashi ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Hideo Chida ,  Makoto Ohashi ,  Kenji Okamoto ,  Hisashi Yamaguchi ,  Minoru Otani ,  Makoto Morishige ,  Noriaki Furukawa ,  Tsuyoshi Kamada ,  Yoshinori Tanaka ,  Atuyuki Hoshino ,  Shougo Hayashi ,  Hideaki Takizawa ,  Takeshi Kinjou ,  Makoto Tachibanaki ,  Keiji Imoto ,  Tadashi Hasegawa ,  Hidefumi Yoshida ,  Hiroyasu Inoue ,  Yoji Taniguchi ,  Tetsuya Fujikawa ,  Satoshi Murata ,  Manabu Sawasaki ,  Tomonori Tanose ,  Siro Hirota ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Kunihiro Tashiro ,  Kouji Tsukao ,  Yasutoshi Tasaka ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi

发明人： Arihiro Takeda ,  Katsufumi Ohmuro ,  Yoshio Koike ,  Shingo Kataoka ,  Takahiro Sasaki ,  Takashi Sasabayashi ,  Hideaki Tsuda ,  Hideo Chida ,  Makoto Ohashi ,  Kenji Okamoto ,  Hisashi Yamaguchi ,  Minoru Otani ,  Makoto Morishige ,  Noriaki Furukawa ,  Tsuyoshi Kamada ,  Yoshinori Tanaka ,  Atuyuki Hoshino ,  Shougo Hayashi ,  Hideaki Takizawa ,  Takeshi Kinjou ,  Makoto Tachibanaki ,  Keiji Imoto ,  Tadashi Hasegawa ,  Hidefumi Yoshida ,  Hiroyasu Inoue ,  Yoji Taniguchi ,  Tetsuya Fujikawa ,  Satoshi Murata ,  Manabu Sawasaki ,  Tomonori Tanose ,  Siro Hirota ,  Masahiro Ikeda ,  Kunihiro Tashiro ,  Kouji Tsukao ,  Yasutoshi Tasaka ,  Takatoshi Mayama ,  Seiji Tanuma ,  Yohei Nakanishi

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1343

CPC分类号： G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/134336 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2413/10

摘要： A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device including a plurality of pixels, which further includes a first substrate and a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate and the second substrate include alignment control structures which extend linearly, and when viewed in a direction vertical to the first substrate, in a pixel, the alignment control structure of the first substrate and the alignment control structures of the second substrate are arranged alternately. The alignment control structure of the first substrate includes first and second linear portions, and distances between the first and second linear portions and an adjacent alignment control structure of the second substrate are different from each other. Additionally, each of the first and second linear portions and the alignment control structures of the second substrate are arranged in parallel.

摘要翻译： 一种包括多个像素的垂直取向型液晶显示装置，其还包括第一基板和第二基板以及在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层。 第一基板和第二基板包括线性延伸的对准控制结构，并且当在垂直于第一基板的方向上在像素中观察时，布置第一基板的对准控制结构和第二基板的取向控制结构 交替。 第一基板的取向控制结构包括第一和第二直线部分，并且第一和第二直线部分之间的距离和第二基板的相邻对准控制结构彼此不同。 此外，第二基板的第一和第二直线部分和对准控制结构中的每一个平行布置。