公开(公告)号：US08570108B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-29

申请号：US13204401

申请日：2011-08-05

申请人： Ashwin Ragunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

发明人： Ashwin Ragunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

IPC分类号： H03L7/24 ,  H03K3/03

CPC分类号： H03K3/0315 ,  H03B2200/0074

摘要： An injection-locked oscillator circuit includes a master oscillator, a slave oscillator, and an injection lock control circuit. The slave oscillator is decoupled from the master oscillator (for example, due to an unlock condition). When the slave is free running, its oscillating frequency is adjusted (for example, as a function of a supply voltage). After an amount of time, the slave is to be relocked to the master (for example, due the unlock condition no longer being present). The slave oscillating frequency is made to be slightly lower than the master oscillating frequency. The slave is then only recoupled to the master upon detection of an opposite-phase condition between the master oscillator output signal and the slave oscillator output signal. By only recoupling the slave to the master during opposite-phase conditions, frequency overshoots in the slave oscillating frequency are avoided that may otherwise occur were the recoupling done during in-phase conditions.

摘要翻译： 注入锁定振荡器电路包括主振荡器，从振荡器和注入锁定控制电路。 从振荡器与主振荡器分离（例如，由于解锁状态）。 当从机自由运行时，其振荡频率被调整（例如，作为电源电压的函数）。 在一段时间之后，奴隶将被重新锁定到主人（例如，由于解锁条件不再存在）。 从振荡频率略低于主振荡频率。 在主振荡器输出信号和从振荡器输出信号之间检测到相位相位条件时，从器件仅被重新耦合到主器件。 通过在相位相位条件下仅将从机重新耦合到主机，避免了从动振荡频率中的频率过冲，否则在同步状态期间进行重新耦合可能会发生。

公开(公告)号：US08362848B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

申请号：US13082313

申请日：2011-04-07

申请人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

发明人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

IPC分类号： H03L1/00 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03K3/03

CPC分类号： H03L7/0995 ,  H03L7/0805 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/24

摘要： A supply-regulated VCO exhibits reduced or no supply sensitivity peaking. The VCO includes an oscillator whose supply current is regulated to control the oscillating frequency of the oscillator. A VCO input signal controls the supply current so that there is a relationship between the input signal and the oscillator output frequency. Power supply noise that might otherwise affect oscillator operation is shunted from a supply current input lead of the oscillator to ground by a bypass capacitor. In one example, an auxiliary circuit supplies an auxiliary supply current to the oscillator, thereby reducing the amount of supply current a supply regulation control loop circuit must supply. In another example, a supply regulation control loop circuit supplies a control current to a main oscillator, but the bypass capacitor is not coupled to this oscillator but rather is coupled to a slave oscillator that is injection locked to the main oscillator.

摘要翻译： 供应调节的VCO表现出减少或没有供应灵敏度峰值。 VCO包括一个振荡器，其供电电流被调节以控制振荡器的振荡频率。 VCO输入信号控制电源电流，使得输入信号和振荡器输出频率之间存在关系。 否则可能会影响振荡器运行的电源噪声从旁路电容器的振荡器的电源电流输入引脚分流到地。 在一个示例中，辅助电路向振荡器提供辅助电源电流，从而减少供电调节控制回路电路必须供应的供电电流量。 在另一示例中，电源调节控制回路电路向主振荡器提供控制电流，但是旁路电容器不耦合到该振荡器，而是耦合到被注入锁定到主振荡器的从属振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US20130033331A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-07

申请号：US13204401

申请日：2011-08-05

申请人： Ashwin RAGHUNATHAN ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

发明人： Ashwin RAGHUNATHAN ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

IPC分类号： H03B5/12

CPC分类号： H03K3/0315 ,  H03B2200/0074

摘要： An injection-locked oscillator circuit includes a master oscillator, a slave oscillator, and an injection lock control circuit. The slave oscillator is decoupled from the master oscillator (for example, due to an unlock condition). When the slave is free running, its oscillating frequency is adjusted (for example, as a function of a supply voltage). After an amount of time, the slave is to be relocked to the master (for example, due the unlock condition no longer being present). The slave oscillating frequency is made to be slightly lower than the master oscillating frequency. The slave is then only recoupled to the master upon detection of an opposite-phase condition between the master oscillator output signal and the slave oscillator output signal. By only recoupling the slave to the master during opposite-phase conditions, frequency overshoots in the slave oscillating frequency are avoided that may otherwise occur were the recoupling done during in-phase conditions.

摘要翻译： 注入锁定振荡器电路包括主振荡器，从振荡器和注入锁定控制电路。 从振荡器与主振荡器分离（例如，由于解锁状态）。 当从机自由运行时，其振荡频率被调整（例如，作为电源电压的函数）。 在一段时间之后，奴隶将被重新锁定到主人（例如，由于解锁条件不再存在）。 从振荡频率略低于主振荡频率。 在主振荡器输出信号和从振荡器输出信号之间检测到相位相位条件时，从器件仅被重新耦合到主器件。 通过在相位相位条件下仅将从机重新耦合到主机，避免了从动振荡频率中的频率过冲，否则在同步状态期间进行重新耦合可能会发生。

公开(公告)号：US08330511B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-11

申请号：US12763418

申请日：2010-04-20

申请人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： H03L7/06

CPC分类号： H03L7/0896

摘要： A charge pump includes an UP current mirror and a DN current mirror. The UP current mirror is controlled by an input UP signal and supplies charge onto an output node. The DN current mirror is controlled by an input DN signal and draws charge from the output node. The input UP and DN signals may be received from a phase detector in a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL). To prevent disturbances on bias nodes of the UP and DN current mirrors that otherwise might occur, replica circuits of portions of the UP and DN current mirrors are provided. Each replica circuit is coupled to a bias node of a corresponding current mirror, but is controlled by an input signal of opposite polarity to the input signal that controls the current mirror so that the replica circuit creates disturbances that tend to counteract disturbances created by switching of the current mirror.

摘要翻译： 电荷泵包括UP电流镜和DN电流镜。 UP电流镜由输入UP信号控制，并将电荷提供到输出节点上。 DN电流镜由输入DN信号控制，并从输出节点抽取电荷。 可以从锁相环（PLL）中的相位检测器接收输入的UP和DN信号。 为了防止UP和DN电流镜的偏置节点的干扰，否则可能发生，UP和DN电流镜的部分的复制电路被提供。 每个复制电路耦合到相应的电流镜的偏置节点，但是由与控制电流镜的输入信号相反极性的输入信号控制，使得复制电路产生倾向于抵消通过切换产生的干扰而产生的干扰的干扰 当前的镜子。

公开(公告)号：US20110254615A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-20

申请号：US12763418

申请日：2010-04-20

申请人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： G05F1/10

CPC分类号： H03L7/0896

摘要： A charge pump includes an UP current mirror and a DN current mirror. The UP current mirror is controlled by an input UP signal and supplies charge onto an output node. The DN current mirror is controlled by an input DN signal and draws charge from the output node. The input UP and DN signals may be received from a phase detector in a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL). To prevent disturbances on bias nodes of the UP and DN current mirrors that otherwise might occur, replica circuits of portions of the UP and DN current mirrors are provided. Each replica circuit is coupled to a bias node of a corresponding current mirror, but is controlled by an input signal of opposite polarity to the input signal that controls the current mirror so that the replica circuit creates disturbances that tend to counteract disturbances created by switching of the current mirror.

摘要翻译： 电荷泵包括UP电流镜和DN电流镜。 UP电流镜由输入UP信号控制，并将电荷提供到输出节点上。 DN电流镜由输入DN信号控制，并从输出节点抽取电荷。 可以从锁相环（PLL）中的相位检测器接收输入的UP和DN信号。 为了防止UP和DN电流镜的偏置节点的干扰，否则可能发生，UP和DN电流镜的部分的复制电路被提供。 每个复制电路耦合到相应的电流镜的偏置节点，但是由与控制电流镜的输入信号相反极性的输入信号控制，使得复制电路产生趋向于抵消通过切换产生的干扰而产生的干扰的干扰 当前的镜子。

公开(公告)号：US20130342256A1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-26

申请号：US13527908

申请日：2012-06-20

申请人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： H03K5/159

CPC分类号： H03K5/159 ,  H03K3/356104 ,  H03K5/133

摘要： Temperature-independent delay elements and oscillators are disclosed. In one design, an apparatus includes at least one delay element, a bias circuit, and a current source. The delay element(s) receive a charging current from the current source and provide a delay that is dependent on the charging current. Each delay element may be a current-starved delay element. The delay element(s) may be coupled in series to implement a delay line or in a loop to implement an oscillator. The bias circuit controls generation of the charging current based on a function of at least one parameter (e.g., a switching threshold voltage) of the at least one delay element in order to reduce variations in delay with temperature. The current source provides the charging current for the delay element(s) and is controlled by the bias circuit.

摘要翻译： 公开了与温度无关的延迟元件和振荡器。 在一种设计中，装置包括至少一个延迟元件，偏置电路和电流源。 延迟元件从电流源接收充电电流并提供取决于充电电流的延迟。 每个延迟元件可以是当前饥饿的延迟元件。 延迟元件可以串联耦合以实现延迟线或在环路中实现振荡器。 偏置电路基于至少一个延迟元件的至少一个参数（例如，开关阈值电压）的功能来控制充电电流的产生，以便减少随温度延迟的变化。 电流源为延迟元件提供充电电流，并由偏置电路控制。

公开(公告)号：US08380138B2

公开(公告)日：2013-02-19

申请号：US12582922

申请日：2009-10-21

申请人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： H04B1/40

CPC分类号： H03K5/1565

摘要： Closed-loop techniques for adjusting the duty cycle of a cyclical signal, e.g., a clock signal, to approach a target value. In an exemplary embodiment, a charge pump is coupled to a charge and sample module, which drives a de-skew circuit in a negative feedback loop. The charge and sample module couples the charge pump to the integration capacitor during two of four successive phases, and also couples the integration capacitor to sampling capacitors during the other two of the four successive phases. The voltages across the sampling capacitors may be used to control the de-skew circuit, which adjusts the duty cycle of a cyclical signal to be adjusted.

摘要翻译： 用于调整循环信号（例如时钟信号）的占空比以接近目标值的闭环技术。 在示例性实施例中，电荷泵耦合到充电和采样模块，其在负反馈回路中驱动去偏斜电路。 充电和采样模块在四个连续相中的两个阶段期间将电荷泵耦合到积分电容器，并且在四个连续相中的另外两个阶段期间将积分电容器耦合到采样电容器。 采样电容器两端的电压可用于控制去偏移电路，该电路调节要调节的周期信号的占空比。

公开(公告)号：US08742815B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

申请号：US13527908

申请日：2012-06-20

申请人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： H03H11/26

CPC分类号： H03K5/159 ,  H03K3/356104 ,  H03K5/133

摘要： Temperature-independent delay elements and oscillators are disclosed. In one design, an apparatus includes at least one delay element, a bias circuit, and a current source. The delay element(s) receive a charging current from the current source and provide a delay that is dependent on the charging current. Each delay element may be a current-starved delay element. The delay element(s) may be coupled in series to implement a delay line or in a loop to implement an oscillator. The bias circuit controls generation of the charging current based on a function of at least one parameter (e.g., a switching threshold voltage) of the at least one delay element in order to reduce variations in delay with temperature. The current source provides the charging current for the delay element(s) and is controlled by the bias circuit.

摘要翻译： 公开了与温度无关的延迟元件和振荡器。 在一种设计中，装置包括至少一个延迟元件，偏置电路和电流源。 延迟元件从电流源接收充电电流并提供取决于充电电流的延迟。 每个延迟元件可以是当前饥饿的延迟元件。 延迟元件可以串联耦合以实现延迟线或在环路中实现振荡器。 偏置电路基于至少一个延迟元件的至少一个参数（例如，开关阈值电压）的功能来控制充电电流的产生，以便减少随温度延迟的变化。 电流源为延迟元件提供充电电流，并由偏置电路控制。

公开(公告)号：US20120256693A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-11

申请号：US13082313

申请日：2011-04-07

申请人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

发明人： Ashwin Raghunathan ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy ,  Sameer Wadhwa

IPC分类号： H03L7/06

CPC分类号： H03L7/0995 ,  H03L7/0805 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/24

摘要： A supply-regulated VCO exhibits reduced or no supply sensitivity peaking. The VCO includes an oscillator whose supply current is regulated to control the oscillating frequency of the oscillator. A VCO input signal controls the supply current so that there is a relationship between the input signal and the oscillator output frequency. Power supply noise that might otherwise affect oscillator operation is shunted from a supply current input lead of the oscillator to ground by a bypass capacitor. In one example, an auxiliary circuit supplies an auxiliary supply current to the oscillator, thereby reducing the amount of supply current a supply regulation control loop circuit must supply. In another example, a supply regulation control loop circuit supplies a control current to a main oscillator, but the bypass capacitor is not coupled to this oscillator but rather is coupled to a slave oscillator that is injection locked to the main oscillator.

摘要翻译： 供应调节的VCO表现出减少或没有供应灵敏度峰值。 VCO包括一个振荡器，其供电电流被调节以控制振荡器的振荡频率。 VCO输入信号控制电源电流，使得输入信号和振荡器输出频率之间存在关系。 否则可能会影响振荡器运行的电源噪声从旁路电容器的振荡器的电源电流输入引脚分流到地。 在一个示例中，辅助电路向振荡器提供辅助电源电流，从而减少供电调节控制回路电路必须供应的供电电流量。 在另一示例中，电源调节控制回路电路向主振荡器提供控制电流，但是旁路电容器不耦合到该振荡器，而是耦合到被注入锁定到主振荡器的从属振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US20110090940A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

申请号：US12582922

申请日：2009-10-21

申请人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

发明人： Sameer Wadhwa ,  Marzio Pedrali-Noy

IPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H03K3/017

CPC分类号： H03K5/1565

摘要： Closed-loop techniques for adjusting the duty cycle of a cyclical signal, e.g., a clock signal, to approach a target value. In an exemplary embodiment, a charge pump is coupled to a charge and sample module, which drives a de-skew circuit in a negative feedback loop. The charge and sample module couples the charge pump to the integration capacitor during two of four successive phases, and also couples the integration capacitor to sampling capacitors during the other two of the four successive phases. The voltages across the sampling capacitors may be used to control the de-skew circuit, which adjusts the duty cycle of a cyclical signal to be adjusted.

摘要翻译： 用于调整循环信号（例如时钟信号）的占空比以接近目标值的闭环技术。 在示例性实施例中，电荷泵耦合到充电和采样模块，其在负反馈回路中驱动去偏斜电路。 充电和采样模块在四个连续相中的两个阶段期间将电荷泵耦合到积分电容器，并且在四个连续相中的另外两个阶段期间将积分电容器耦合到采样电容器。 采样电容器两端的电压可用于控制去偏移电路，该电路调节要调节的周期信号的占空比。