Abstract:
Process for the production of adiponitrile by direct electrochemical hydrodimerization of acrylonitrile using a medium containing acrylonitrile, an electrolyte salt, water and, if desired, a solvent at a temperature of from 10* to 60* C. at a pH of from 1 to 10. In the process, electrolysis is carried out in a cell having a liquid cathode which is contacted by a solid anode which is not wetted by the liquid cathode or into which the solid anode is immersed to a depth of up to 20 mm. Adiponitrile is an important intermediate for synthetic fiber manufacture.
Abstract:
LAYERS OF AN OXIDE MIXTURE OF AT LEAST ONE PLATINUM METAL AND OXIDES OF THE ELEMENTS SILICON, TIN OR GERMANIUM ARE APPLIED TO A CORE OF AN ANODICALLYS TABLE MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACTIVATED ELECTRODES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SILICON, TIN OR GERMANIUM OR A COMPOUND THEREOF WITH THE PLATINUM METAL OR A COMPOUND THEREOF IS CONVERTED INTO OXIDIC COMPOUNDS AND THESE ARE FIXED ONTO THE SURFACE OF THE ANODICALLY STABLE MATERIAL OBY THERMAL TREATMENT.
Abstract:
Production of adiponitrile by direct electrochemical hydrodimerization of acrylonitrile in a medium which contains acrylonitrile, and electrolyte salt, water and, if desired, a solvent at a temperature of from 10* to 60* C. and a pH value of from 1 to 10 using liquid-impermeable electrodes. The medium is passed through the pairs of electrodes which are 0.05 to 2 mm. apart. Adiponitrile is an important intermediate for synthetic fiber manufacture.
Abstract:
Pinacols are prepared by electrolytic hydrodimerization of carbonyl compounds in non-compartmented cells using a mixture of from 5 to 75% by weight of the carbonyl compound, from 5 to 90% by weight of the alcohol corresponding to the carbonyl compound, from 0.1 to 3% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt and from 0 to 30% by weight of water.
Abstract:
Process for the electrochemical condensation of carboxylic acids by the electrolysis of monocarboxylic acids, half esters of dicarboxylic acids or aminocarboxylic acids in which current densities of more than 10 amp./dm.2 on vibrating electrode pairs are used, and in which the degree of neutralization of the carboxylic acids is kept below 10 percent, said process providing high space-time yields and a reaction product which can be worked up without difficulty.