Abstract:
A bioresin composition is used to form a rigid polyurethane article that includes a first and a second biopolyol and is substantially free of aprotic solvents that chemically decompose in the presence of water. The first biopolyol includes a natural oil component. The second biopolyol includes the reaction product of a natural carbohydrate and an alkylene oxide. The rigid polyurethane foam article includes the reaction product of the bioresin composition and an isocyanate which are reacted in the presence of a chemical blowing agent.
Abstract:
A bioresin composition is used to form a rigid polyurethane article that includes a first and a second biopolyol and is substantially free of aprotic solvents that chemically decompose in the presence of water. The first biopolyol includes a natural oil component. The second biopolyol includes the reaction product of a natural carbohydrate and an alkylene oxide. The rigid polyurethane foam article includes the reaction product of the bioresin composition and an isocyanate which are reacted in the presence of a chemical blowing agent.
Abstract:
A solution and a method of treating a substrate with the solution is disclosed. The solution includes a polar liquid component and at least 2% by weight based upon the total weight of said solution of an adduct that is different from the polar liquid component. The adduct comprises at least one of: (D) NH2Y(HNCO(AO)XOR)Z1; (E) (RO(AO)X CONH)Z2YHNCONHY(HNCO (AO)XOR)Z3; and (F) Y(HNCO(AO)XOR)Z4 where Y is an aromatic core derived from an aromatic isocyanate component; A is an alkylene group selected from the group of ethylene groups, propylene groups, butylene groups, and combinations thereof; R is a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X is at least 6; Z1 is at least 1; Z2 is at least 1; Z3 is at least 1; and Z4 is at least 2. Further, the adduct is substantially free of unreacted isocyanate groups.
Abstract:
A process for increasing the wetting rate of hydrophobic media with a wetting composition includes the steps of combining water and a heteric polyol to form the wetting composition, aging the wetting composition for an amount of time sufficient to increase the cloud point of the wetting composition to greater than 23° C., and applying the wetting composition to the hydrophobic media. The heteric polyol has the following formula: X[Y(CH2CH2O)a(CH2CHCH3O)bH]c wherein X is an organic core derived from an initiator having at least two hydroxyl groups; Y is a heteric copolymer comprising at least two different alkyleneoxy units selected from the group of ethyleneoxy units, propyleneoxy units, and butyleneoxy units; the subscripts a and b are independently zero or a positive integer and at least one of a or b must be a positive integer; and the subscript c is an integer of two or greater.
Abstract:
A method for increasing moisture retention in a soil includes applying an effective amount of an effective humectant composition to the soil. The effective humectant composition is identified by determining the average moisture content of the soil for the humectant compositions applied at a minimum humectant concentration level, a maximum humectant concentration level, and at a first concentration level between the minimum and the maximum humectant concentration level. An average slope curve is generated by plotting the determined average moisture content of the soil for each applied humectant concentration levels from the minimum humectant concentration level to the maximum humectant concentration level. An effective humectant composition is determined when the generated average slope curve provides an increasing average moisture content along the entirety of a length of the generated average slope curve and when the generated average slope curve has a p value of 0.05 or less.
Abstract:
A method for increasing moisture retention in a soil includes applying an effective amount of an effective humectant composition to the soil. The effective humectant composition is identified by determining the average moisture content of the soil for the humectant compositions applied at a minimum humectant concentration level, a maximum humectant concentration level, and at a first concentration level between the minimum and the maximum humectant concentration level. An average slope curve is generated by plotting the determined average moisture content of the soil for each applied humectant concentration levels from the minimum humectant concentration level to the maximum humectant concentration level. An effective humectant composition is determined when the generated average slope curve provides an increasing average moisture content along the entirety of a length of the generated average slope curve and when the generated average slope curve has a p value of 0.05 or less.