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公开(公告)号：US20240187466A1
公开(公告)日：2024-06-06
申请号：US18553110
申请日：2022-03-15
IPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L65/612
CPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L65/612
摘要： A method of managing content delivery to a client device by a proxy, where the content is made up of a sequence of segments. The proxy starts off by receiving content requests from the client device over unicast, and fulfilling those requests by forwarding them to a content server, and receiving that content before forwarding onto the client device. At some stage, the proxy determines that a multicast channel should be joined to more efficiently receive the required content. However, the multicast channel is likely to be ahead of the available unicast data. Therefore, a multicast join command is delayed until the proxy has taken steps to obtain subsequent content by unicast faster than that content is being requested by the client device, so that the obtained content has caught up with the content available on the multicast channel. The proxy stores this content and uses it to respond to requests from the client device. Only then does the proxy take action to join the multicast channel.
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公开(公告)号：US20230254349A1
公开(公告)日：2023-08-10
申请号：US18008615
申请日：2021-06-09
发明人： Rory TURNBULL , Stephen APPLEBY , Timothy STEVENS
IPC分类号： H04L65/1045 , H04L65/611 , H04L65/612
CPC分类号： H04L65/1045 , H04L65/611 , H04L65/612
摘要： A method of managing a network for delivering content to a client device, where content segments are delivered to a proxy in a multicast group, before delivery from the proxy to the client device over unicast. The proxy intermittently leaves the multicast group to probe the network by making unicast request for content segments, receiving those segments over unicast from the content server and forwarding those segments onto the client device. This allows the client device to determine the maximum throughput between the content server and the client device via the proxy, and thus the client device can use its adaptive bit rate algorithms to determine if the network can support a switch to a higher bit rate stream, and request a higher bit rate stream accordingly. The higher bit rate stream can be serviced by the proxy joining or establishing a suitable multicast group.
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公开(公告)号：US20220141542A1
公开(公告)日：2022-05-05
申请号：US17433414
申请日：2020-02-24
发明人： Timothy STEVENS , Rory TURNBULL , Stephen APPLEBY
IPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6408 , H04N21/266
摘要： Described is a method of delivering content over a network using an approach referred to as “Multicast Assisted Unicast Delivery” (MAUD), as a multicast network is used to assist, rather than substituting for, an otherwise unicast path. Content is requested by client devices from a content server over unicast. The responses containing the requested content are separated into two components: a first component containing elements that are specific to individual client devices (for example session specific data), and a second component that is common to all client devices (typically this is the video content being requested). The first component can be delivered over unicast and the second component over multicast. Identifiers are introduced into each of the first and second components to aid recombination of the components to form the original responses. The separation and recombination are handled by suitably configured proxy servers.
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公开(公告)号：US20220141543A1
公开(公告)日：2022-05-05
申请号：US17433738
申请日：2020-02-26
发明人： Rory TURNBULL , Stephen APPLEBY , Timothy STEVENS
IPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04N21/643 , H04N21/845 , H04N21/222 , H04N21/266 , H04N21/2183
摘要： Described is a method of delivering content over network using an approach referred to here as “Multicast Assisted Unicast Delivery” (MAUD), as a multicast network is used to assist, rather than substituting for, an otherwise unicast path. Content is requested by client devices from a content server over unicast. These unicast requests are sent via a first and a second proxy, before being sent by the second proxy to the content server, all over unicast. The responses containing the requested content is sent back to the second proxy over unicast from the content server. The second proxy processes the received unicast responses and sends the responses over a multicast stream to the first proxy. The first proxy processes the received responses and sends them onto the requesting client devices over unicast.
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公开(公告)号：US20170366588A1
公开(公告)日：2017-12-21
申请号：US15540322
申请日：2015-12-14
发明人： Stephen APPLEBY , Ian CRABTREE , Timothy STEVENS , Rory TURNBULL , Ivan ROPER , Michael NILSSON
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L65/4076 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/601 , H04L65/605 , H04L65/608
摘要： Examples of the present invention provide a method of converting a multicast stream into unicast segments. In particular, sequence identifiers are generated based on a clock reference field in the transport stream packets that make up the multicast stream. Every time a new sequence identifier is calculated, a new unicast segment is generated and assigned with the new sequence identifier. Transport stream packets are placed into the new segment until a packet is processed that causes a new sequence identifier to be generated, at which point another new segment is generated and packets placed into that segment. In an improved method, random access indicators in the transports stream packets are used to further constrain when a new segment is generated, to ensure that new segments are coincident with a packet having a random access indicator. This improvement makes random access easier back and forth between and within a stream.
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公开(公告)号：US20170127147A1
公开(公告)日：2017-05-04
申请号：US15129481
申请日：2015-03-24
发明人： Ian CRABTREE , Michael NILSSON , Rory TURNBULL , Stephen APPLEBY
IPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04N21/2343 , H04L29/06 , H04N21/2187 , H04N21/84 , H04L29/08 , H04N21/845 , H04N21/438
摘要： The invention presents a method of generating a multicast stream for transporting video content such as live TV. First, the video content is encoded, and segmented into temporal chunks. Each chunk is then encapsulated in one or more RTP pacets, depending on the size of the chunk, and each RTP packet is marked with a chunk marker to indicate which of the packets the boundaries between chunks lie. The multicast stream is then generated by encapsulating the RTP packets, preferably using UDP in IP packets. The chunk marker is provided for by a special field in the RTP payload header. The chunk marker can be a chunk index or a chunk offset. Both, individually and in combination, can be used to determine the boundary between chunks.
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公开(公告)号：US20240276069A1
公开(公告)日：2024-08-15
申请号：US18695241
申请日：2022-09-20
IPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6371 , H04N21/647
CPC分类号： H04N21/6405 , H04N21/6371 , H04N21/64738
摘要： A method of managing content delivery to a client device via a proxy is described. The proxy starts off by receiving content requests from the client device over unicast, and fulfils those requests by forwarding them to a content server, and receiving that content before forwarding onto the client device. At some stage, the proxy determines that it may be possible to join a multicast channel to more efficiently receive the required content. However, before a switch is made, the proxy gathers multicast delivery timing data from the content server without joining the multicast group, and behavioural characteristics of the client device. The proxy uses this data to determine whether the client device would change the quality level of the content segments being requested.
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公开(公告)号：US20240114065A1
公开(公告)日：2024-04-04
申请号：US18257558
申请日：2021-12-03
发明人： Rory TURNBULL , Timothy STEVENS , Stephen APPLEBY
IPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L43/0888 , H04L65/1069 , H04L65/612
CPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L43/0888 , H04L65/1069 , H04L65/612
摘要： A method of managing a network for delivering content to a client device, where content segments are delivered over multicast to a proxy. The received segments are stored at the proxy, before delivery of those segments is made from the proxy to the client device over unicast. Whilst the proxy receives further segments over multicast, it probes the network by making unicast requests for data (dummy data or additional content segments), and receiving those segments over unicast from the content server. The multicast rate reception rate and the unicast (probe) rate are measured and a maximum network throughput is calculated as the sum of these two rates. Subsequent segments are then delivered from the proxy to the client device at the calculated maximum network throughput rate, or at some rate dependent thereon. Thus, the client device will receive segments at a rate that is more indicative of the actual maximum network throughput, so can better use its adaptive bit rate algorithms to determine whether a switch to higher bit rate segments is appropriate.
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公开(公告)号：US20230216905A1
公开(公告)日：2023-07-06
申请号：US18019362
申请日：2021-08-06
发明人： Rory TURNBULL , Timothy STEVENS , Stephen APPLEBY
IPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L65/612 , H04L67/02
CPC分类号： H04L65/611 , H04L65/612 , H04L67/02
摘要： Described is a method of delivery of content to a client device. In particular, the method can be applied to hybrid unicast/multicast delivery networks, where content is provided by a content server to a root proxy, and that root proxy delivers the content to edge proxies over multicast. However, requests for that content in the form of HTTP GET requests from a client device are received by an edge proxy, which subsequently sends an HTTP HEAD request for header information associated with that content directly to the content server. The content server responds over unicast with a suitable response to the HTTP HEAD request, which is received by the edge proxy. The edge proxy takes the response together with the payload from the content segment received over multicast, to generate a client specific content segment for delivery to the client device over unicast.
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公开(公告)号：US20220345508A1
公开(公告)日：2022-10-27
申请号：US17764821
申请日：2020-08-19
发明人： Rory TURNBULL , Timothy STEVENS , Stephen APPLEBY
IPC分类号： H04L65/612 , H04L1/00 , H04L65/611
摘要： Described is a method of managing a network for delivering content in a hybrid unicast/multicast network, where content is requested by clients over unicast, but all or some of the content is delivered in part over multicast. Typically, a client requests content (in the form of segments) via a first proxy. The segments are delivered to the first proxy over multicast from a second proxy, before onward transmission to the requesting client over unicast. The segments are also cached at the first proxy, and can be transmitted over unicast to other clients requesting those segments. However, problems can arise if cached segments are transmitted to clients too quickly. In one solution, the first proxy measures the multicast rate of delivery of segments from the second proxy over multicast, and limits the transmission rate of those segments over unicast to requesting clients to no greater than the measured multicast delivery rate.
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