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23 条记录 (耗时 0.02 秒)

    Regeneration of strong-base anion-exchange resins by sequential chemical displacement
    2.
    发明授权
    Regeneration of strong-base anion-exchange resins by sequential chemical displacement 有权
    通过连续化学位移再生强碱阴离子交换树脂

    公开(公告)号：US06448299B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09491242

    申请日：2000-01-25

    申请人： Gilbert M. Brown ,  Baohua Gu ,  Bruce A. Moyer ,  Peter V. Bonnesen

    发明人： Gilbert M. Brown ,  Baohua Gu ,  Bruce A. Moyer ,  Peter V. Bonnesen

    IPC分类号： B01J4900

    CPC分类号： B01J49/57

    摘要： A method for regenerating strong-base anion exchange resins utilizing a sequential chemical displacement technique with new regenerant formulation. The new first regenerant solution is composed of a mixture of ferric chloride, a water-miscible organic solvent, hydrochloric acid, and water in which tetrachloroferrate anion is formed and used to displace the target anions on the resin. The second regenerant is composed of a dilute hydrochloric acid and is used to decompose tetrachloroferrate and elute ferric ions, thereby regenerating the resin. Alternative chemical displacement methods include: (1) displacement of target anions with fluoroborate followed by nitrate or salicylate and (2) displacement of target anions with salicylate followed by dilute hydrochloric acid. The methodology offers an improved regeneration efficiency, recovery, and waste minimization over the conventional displacement technique using sodium chloride (or a brine) or alkali metal hydroxide.

    摘要翻译： 利用具有新的再生剂配方的连续化学位移技术再生强碱阴离子交换树脂的方法。 新的第一再生剂溶液由氯化铁，水混溶性有机溶剂，盐酸和水的混合物组成，其中形成四氯铁酸盐阴离子并用于置换树脂上的目标阴离子。 第二再生剂由稀盐酸组成，用于分解四氯铁酸盐并洗脱三价铁离子，从而再生树脂。 替代化学位移方法包括：（1）用氟硼酸盐，硝酸盐或水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子，和（2）用水杨酸盐置换目标阴离子，然后用稀盐酸置换。 与使用氯化钠（或盐水）或碱金属氢氧化物的常规置换技术相比，该方法提供了改进的再生效率，回收率和废物最小化。

    Regeneration of anion exchange resins by catalyzed electrochemical reduction
    3.
    发明授权
    Regeneration of anion exchange resins by catalyzed electrochemical reduction 有权
    通过催化电化学还原再生阴离子交换树脂

    公开(公告)号：US06358396B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-03-19

    申请号：US09566036

    申请日：2000-05-08

    申请人： Baohua Gu ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    发明人： Baohua Gu ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    IPC分类号： C02F128

    CPC分类号： B01J49/57 ,  B01J49/07 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F2101/12 ,  C02F2103/06

    摘要： Anion exchange resins sorbed with perchlorate may be regenerated by a combination of chemical reduction of perchlorate to chloride using a reducing agent and an electrochemical reduction of the oxidized reducing agent. Transitional metals including Ti, Re, and V are preferred chemical reagents for the reduction of perchlorate to chloride. Complexing agents such as oxalate are used to prevent the precipitation of the oxidized Ti(IV) species, and ethyl alcohol may be added to accelerate the reduction kinetics of perchlorate. The regeneration may be performed by continuously recycling the regenerating solution through the resin bed and an electrochemical cell so that the secondary waste generation is minimized.

    摘要翻译： 用高氯酸盐吸附的阴离子交换树脂可以通过使用还原剂化学还原高氯酸盐与氯化物的组合和氧化还原剂的电化学还原来再生。 包括Ti，Re和V的过渡金属是用于将高氯酸盐还原成氯化物的优选化学试剂。 使用诸如草酸盐的络合剂来防止氧化的Ti（IV）物质的沉淀，并且可以加入乙醇以加速高氯酸盐的还原动力学。 再生可以通过将再生溶液通过树脂床和电化学电池连续循环来进行，使得二次废物产生最小化。

    Photoelectrochemical molecular comb
    7.
    发明授权
    Photoelectrochemical molecular comb 失效

    公开(公告)号：US07090757B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

    申请号：US10077633

    申请日：2002-02-15

    申请人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Thomas L. Ferrell ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    发明人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Thomas L. Ferrell ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    IPC分类号： G01N27/447 ,  G01N27/453

    CPC分类号： G01N27/305

    摘要： A method and apparatus for separating molecules. The apparatus includes a substrate having a surface. A film in contact with the surface defines a substrate/film interface. An electrode electrically connected to the film applies a voltage potential between the electrode and the substrate to form a depletion region in the substrate at the substrate/film interface. A photon energy source having an energy level greater than the potential is directed at the depletion region to form electron-hole pairs in the depletion region. At least one of the electron-hole pairs is separated by the potential into an independent electron and an independent hole having opposite charges and move in opposing directions. One of the electron and hole reach the substrate/film interface to create a photopotential in the film causing charged molecules in the film to move in response to the localized photovoltage.

    Photoelectrochemical molecular comb
    9.
    发明授权
    Photoelectrochemical molecular comb 有权
    光电化学分子梳

    公开(公告)号：US08110082B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-07

    申请号：US11731952

    申请日：2007-04-02

    申请人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Thomas L Ferrell ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    发明人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Thomas L Ferrell ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    IPC分类号： G01N27/453 ,  H01L31/00

    CPC分类号： G01N27/305

    摘要： A method, system, and apparatus are provided for separating molecules, such as biomolecules. The method, system, and apparatus utilize an electrochemical cell having at least two electrodes, one electrode comprising a photo-sensitive material capable of generating a photopotential. Molecules are moved through an electrolyte medium between the at least two electrodes based upon localized photopotentials.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种分离分子的方法，系统和装置，例如生物分子。 该方法，系统和装置利用具有至少两个电极的电化学电池，一个电极包括能够产生光电势的光敏材料。 基于局部的光电势，分子在至少两个电极之间移动通过电解质介质。

    Electrochemical sensor having suspended element counter electrode and deflection method for current sensing
    10.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical sensor having suspended element counter electrode and deflection method for current sensing 有权
    具有悬浮元件对电极的电化学传感器和电流检测的偏转方法

    公开(公告)号：US07716965B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

    申请号：US11588542

    申请日：2006-10-27

    申请人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    发明人： Thomas G. Thundat ,  Gilbert M. Brown

    IPC分类号： G01N27/00

    CPC分类号： G01N29/036 ,  G01N2291/0256

    摘要： An electrochemical suspended element-based sensor system includes a solution cell for holding an electrolyte comprising solution including at least one electrochemically reducible or oxidizable species. A working electrode (WE), reference electrode (RE) and a counter electrode (CE) are disposed in the solution. The CE includes an asymmetric suspended element, wherein one side of the suspended element includes a metal or a highly doped semiconductor surface. The suspended element bends when current associated with reduction or oxidation of the electrochemically reducible or oxidizable species at the WE passes through the suspended element. At least one measurement system measures the bending of the suspended element or a parameter which is a function of the bending.

    摘要翻译： 基于电化学悬浮元件的传感器系统包括用于保持电解质的溶液池，所述电解质包含至少一种电化学还原性或可氧化物质的溶液。 在该溶液中设置工作电极（WE），参比电极（RE）和对电极（CE）。 CE包括不对称悬置元件，其中悬浮元件的一侧包括金属或高度掺杂的半导体表面。 当与WE的电化学还原性或可氧化物质的还原或氧化相关的电流通过悬浮元件时，悬浮元件弯曲。 至少一个测量系统测量悬挂元件的弯曲或作为弯曲函数的参数。