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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4357673A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US141491
申请日：1980-04-18
申请人： Barry G. Willis , Arthur Schleifer , Norton W. Bell , Paul C. Dryden , Andrew Stefanski , C. Nelson Dorny
发明人： Barry G. Willis , Arthur Schleifer , Norton W. Bell , Paul C. Dryden , Andrew Stefanski , C. Nelson Dorny
CPC分类号： G01J3/28 , G01D1/14 , G06F17/18 , G01J2003/2866
摘要： An instrument is disclosed which performs measurements and calculates the average and the variance of the measurements. The particular instrument illustrating the invention is a spectrophotometer which measures sets of dark, reference and sample spectra for use in calculating an average absorbance spectrum and its variance. The measurements are performed in an order which enables the cancellation of measurement variation due to variation in instrument response. The order of measurements is determined by measurement subroutines which can be aggregated to produce a series of measurements performed over a user selected period of integration time.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种执行测量并计算测量的平均值和方差的仪器。 说明本发明的特定仪器是分光光度计，其测量用于计算平均吸收光谱及其方差的暗参考和样品光谱的集合。 以按照仪器响应的变化取消测量变化的顺序进行测量。 测量顺序由测量子程序确定，测量子程序可以被聚合以产生在用户选定的积分时间周期内执行的一系列测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4458323A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-03
申请号：US362217
申请日：1982-03-26
申请人： Barry G. Willis , Arthur Schleifer , Norton W. Bell , Paul C. Dryden , Andrew Stefanski , C. Nelson Dorny
发明人： Barry G. Willis , Arthur Schleifer , Norton W. Bell , Paul C. Dryden , Andrew Stefanski , C. Nelson Dorny
CPC分类号： G06F17/18 , G01D1/14 , G01J3/28 , G01J2003/2866
摘要： An instrument is disclosed which performs measurements and calculates the average and the variance of the measurements. The particular instrument illustrating the invention is a spectrophotometer which measures sets of dark, reference and sample spectra for use in calculating an average absorbance spectrum and its variance. The measurements are performed in an order which enables the cancellation of measurement variation due to variation in instrument response. The order of measurements is determined by measurement subroutines which can be aggregated to produce a series of measurements performed over a user selected period of integration time.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种执行测量并计算测量的平均值和方差的仪器。 说明本发明的特定仪器是分光光度计，其测量用于计算平均吸收光谱及其方差的暗参考和样品光谱的集合。 以按照仪器响应的变化取消测量变化的顺序进行测量。 测量顺序由测量子程序确定，测量子程序可以被聚合以产生在用户选定的积分时间周期内执行的一系列测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4714545A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US841922
申请日：1986-03-20
IPC分类号： G01N30/34 , B01D15/08 , F04B13/02 , F04B49/06 , G01N30/32 , G01N30/36 , G05D11/00 , G05D11/13 , F04B41/06
CPC分类号： G05D11/132 , F04B13/02 , F04B49/065 , G05D11/001 , G01N2030/324 , G01N2030/326 , G01N30/34 , G01N30/36
摘要： A plurality of different liquid solutions are connected to an input of a pump system having at least two displacement chambers and in a manner to control the proportions of each constituent that are taken into each chamber during its intake stroke. The outputs of the chambers are connected to a common liquid output. The chambers are driven by independently controllable motors so that the discharge stroke may be chosen to have some parameters, such as speed profile and duration, that are different than during the intake stroke. As a result, both chambers may simultaneously discharge liquid through the common output, if desired. The proportion of constituents may be made different each time one of the chambers is filled, so the simultaneous discharge of the chambers allows a gradual, carefully controlled change from the mixture of one chamber to that of the other. Thus, the pump system can be operated to provide a combination of low pressure and high pressure mixing of two or more liquid constituents in order to provide a smooth gradient in the output liquid flow. Output liquid flow rate can be controlled by changing the time in which the chamber's volume is reduced, or by controlling the maximum volume of the chamber's displacement, or both. Such a pumping system is especially useful in providing a solvent mixture with a gradually changing composition to a liquid chromatograph column.
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公开(公告)号：US5074614A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-24
申请号：US658112
申请日：1991-02-20
申请人： Andrew Stefanski
发明人： Andrew Stefanski
IPC分类号： B60J7/02
CPC分类号： B60J7/026
摘要： An automobile rigid convertible roof (4) retracts horizontally rearward over the rear part of the upper body. The rear end of the roof is supported by two external elongated struts (12L and 12R) which are permanently attached to the rear corners of the roof at their upper ends and retract with it as a unit. Strut bottom rollers (18) are guided by guides (22) mounted adjacent the vehicle rear deck. The struts (12) are outside of the vehicle cockpit enclosure. The retracted roof is moved horizontally so that the retracted roof panel does not interfere with rear vision from the cockpit and in the retracted position does not use any cockpit or vehicle trunk volume for roof storage.
摘要翻译： 汽车刚性敞篷车顶（4）在上半身的后部水平向后缩回。 屋顶的后端由两个外部细长支柱（12L和12R）支撑，外部细长支柱（12L和12R）在其上端永久地附接到屋顶的后角，并以其作为一个单元而缩回。 支柱底辊（18）由邻近车辆后甲板安装的导轨（22）引导。 支柱（12）位于车辆驾驶舱外部。 收回的屋顶水平移动，使得收回的屋顶板不会干扰来自驾驶舱的后视，并且在缩回位置不使用用于屋顶存储的任何驾驶舱或车辆行李箱容积。
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公开(公告)号：US4622468A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US754659
申请日：1985-07-15
CPC分类号： G01N21/64 , G01J1/36 , G01N2201/127 , G01N2201/12753
摘要： Variations in the intensity of a light source and the sensitivity of a fluorescence detector photo-multiplier tube are simultaneously compensated by measuring the intensity (I.sub.LS1) of the light source at the sample excitation frequency with a silicon detector, measuring the intensity (I.sub.LS2) of the light source at the emission frequency with another silicon detector, measuring with the photo-multiplier detector the intensity (I.sub.S) of the sample's fluorescence and the intensity (I.sub.LS3) of the light source at the emission frequency of the sample and then calculating a value F as representative of the sample's fluorescence according to the formula: ##EQU1##
摘要翻译： 通过用硅检测器测量样品激发频率下的光源的强度（ILS1），同时补偿光源强度的变化和荧光检测器光电倍增管的灵敏度，测量光源的强度（ILS2） 用另一硅检测器的发射频率的光源，用光电倍增管检测器测量样品的荧光强度（IS）和光源在样品发射频率下的强度（ILS3），然后计算值 F作为样品荧光的代表，根据以下公式：
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