公开(公告)号：US4458323A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-03

申请号：US362217

申请日：1982-03-26

申请人： Barry G. Willis ,  Arthur Schleifer ,  Norton W. Bell ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Andrew Stefanski ,  C. Nelson Dorny

发明人： Barry G. Willis ,  Arthur Schleifer ,  Norton W. Bell ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Andrew Stefanski ,  C. Nelson Dorny

IPC分类号： G01D1/14 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G06F15/20

CPC分类号： G06F17/18 ,  G01D1/14 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： An instrument is disclosed which performs measurements and calculates the average and the variance of the measurements. The particular instrument illustrating the invention is a spectrophotometer which measures sets of dark, reference and sample spectra for use in calculating an average absorbance spectrum and its variance. The measurements are performed in an order which enables the cancellation of measurement variation due to variation in instrument response. The order of measurements is determined by measurement subroutines which can be aggregated to produce a series of measurements performed over a user selected period of integration time.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种执行测量并计算测量的平均值和方差的仪器。 说明本发明的特定仪器是分光光度计，其测量用于计算平均吸收光谱及其方差的暗参考和样品光谱的集合。 以按照仪器响应的变化取消测量变化的顺序进行测量。 测量顺序由测量子程序确定，测量子程序可以被聚合以产生在用户选定的积分时间周期内执行的一系列测量。

公开(公告)号：US4357673A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-02

申请号：US141491

申请日：1980-04-18

申请人： Barry G. Willis ,  Arthur Schleifer ,  Norton W. Bell ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Andrew Stefanski ,  C. Nelson Dorny

发明人： Barry G. Willis ,  Arthur Schleifer ,  Norton W. Bell ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Andrew Stefanski ,  C. Nelson Dorny

IPC分类号： G01D1/14 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G06F15/20

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01D1/14 ,  G06F17/18 ,  G01J2003/2866

摘要： An instrument is disclosed which performs measurements and calculates the average and the variance of the measurements. The particular instrument illustrating the invention is a spectrophotometer which measures sets of dark, reference and sample spectra for use in calculating an average absorbance spectrum and its variance. The measurements are performed in an order which enables the cancellation of measurement variation due to variation in instrument response. The order of measurements is determined by measurement subroutines which can be aggregated to produce a series of measurements performed over a user selected period of integration time.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种执行测量并计算测量的平均值和方差的仪器。 说明本发明的特定仪器是分光光度计，其测量用于计算平均吸收光谱及其方差的暗参考和样品光谱的集合。 以按照仪器响应的变化取消测量变化的顺序进行测量。 测量顺序由测量子程序确定，测量子程序可以被聚合以产生在用户选定的积分时间周期内执行的一系列测量。

公开(公告)号：US06915227B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US10722994

申请日：2003-11-26

申请人： Bruce D. Quimby ,  Matthew S. Klee ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Elmer A. Axelson

发明人： Bruce D. Quimby ,  Matthew S. Klee ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Elmer A. Axelson

IPC分类号： G01N30/86 ,  G01D18/00 ,  G01D21/00 ,  G01M99/00 ,  G01N30/04 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01P21/00 ,  G01R35/00 ,  G01M19/00

CPC分类号： G01N30/8665 ,  G01N30/8672

摘要： A data manipulation method to make local chromatography data more usable and comparable to a reference. The method provides time axis correction to better match local data to a reference of the same time scale, time axis transformation to correspond more directly to a reference based on a different time scale, and response axis correction to better match a reference of the same or different response scale, while maintaining the original peak areas. The method may be used along or concurrently with other data manipulation technique to facilitate operations such as searching, matching, visual comparison, mathematical manipulation, and pattern recognition of chromatographic data.

摘要翻译： 一种数据操作方法，使局部色谱数据更为可用，与参照物相当。 该方法提供时间轴校正以更好地将本地数据与相同时标的参考相匹配，时间轴转换以基于不同时间尺度更直接地对应于参考，以及响应轴校正以更好地匹配相同或者 不同的响应规模，同时保持原有的峰值区域。 该方法可以与其他数据操作技术一起使用或同时使用，以便于诸如搜索，匹配，视觉比较，数学操作和色谱数据的模式识别等操作。

公开(公告)号：US06691053B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

申请号：US09997174

申请日：2001-11-30

申请人： Bruce D. Quimby ,  Matthew S. Klee ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Elmer A. Axelson

发明人： Bruce D. Quimby ,  Matthew S. Klee ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Elmer A. Axelson

IPC分类号： G01D1800

CPC分类号： G01N30/8665 ,  G01N30/8672

摘要： A data manipulation method to make local chromatography data more usable and comparable to a reference. The method provides time axis correction to better match local data to a reference of the same time scale, time axis transformation to correspond more directly to a reference based on a different time scale, and response axis correction to better match a reference of the same or different response scale, while maintaining the original peak areas. The method may be used along or concurrently with other data manipulation technique to facilitate operations such as searching, matching, visual comparison, mathematical manipulation, and pattern recognition of chromatographic data.

公开(公告)号：US5133859A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US487693

申请日：1990-03-02

申请人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel

发明人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel

IPC分类号： B01D11/00 ,  B01D11/02 ,  G01N1/10 ,  G01N30/02

CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 ,  G01N30/02 ,  Y10T436/255

摘要： Methods and apparatus for extracting sample components from complex matrices using supercritical carbon dioxide as the principal extracting solvent are disclosed. The present invention takes advantage of the fact that the solvent power of a supercritical fluid is stepwise settable by the parameters of density, modifier concentration, and temperature. Accordingly, methods and apparatus for extracting a component from a sample using flow system having a variable and controllable flow restriction are disclosed. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of inserting the sample into the sample container section, inputting temperature, pressure, flow rate and extraction time setpoints. The flow rate is controlled and the system pressure regulated by the variable flow restriction. The present invention contemplates opening and closing the orifice in order to control the variable flow restriction, or closing the orifice until setpoint pressure is achieved and controlling the restriction of the orifice to maintain the setpoint pressure.The present invention also discloses apparatus for the extraction of components from a sample which include means for regulating the pressure and flowrate of a supercritical extraction solvent.

公开(公告)号：US5094741A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-10

申请号：US525964

申请日：1990-05-18

申请人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christoper M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest Zerenner

发明人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christoper M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest Zerenner

IPC分类号： G01N1/00 ,  B01D11/02 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/28 ,  G01N30/32

CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 ,  G01N30/28 ,  G01N2030/324 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32

摘要： Methods and apparatus for extracting sample components from complex matrices using supercritical fluid as the principal extracting solvent are disclosed. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the solvent power of a supercritical fluid is stepwise settable by the parameters of density, modifier concentration, and temperature. Accordingly, methods and apparatus for extracting a component from a sample using fluid flow system having a variable and controllable flow restriction are disclosed. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of inserting the sample into the sample container section, inputting temperature, pressure, flow rate and extraction time set points. Flow rate is controlled and system pressure regulated by the variable flow restriction. The invention contemplates opening and closing an orifice in order to control the variable flow restriction, or closing the orifice until set point pressure is achieved and controlling the restriction of the orifice to maintain the set point pressure. The present invention also discloses apparatus for the extraction of components from a sample which include means for regulating the pressure and flow rate of a supercritical extraction solvent.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用超临界流体作为主要提取溶剂从复杂基质中提取样品组分的方法和装置。 本发明利用超临界流体的溶剂功率可以通过密度参数，改性剂浓度和温度来逐步设定的事实。 因此，公开了使用具有可变和可控流量限制的流体流动系统从样品中提取组分的方法和装置。 本发明的方法包括将样品插入样品容器部分，输入温度，压力，流速和提取时间设定点的步骤。 流量控制，系统压力由可变流量限制调节。 本发明设想打开和关闭孔口以便控制可变流量限制，或者关闭孔口，直到实现设定点压力并且控制孔口的限制以保持设定点压力。 本发明还公开了一种用于从样品中提取组分的装置，其包括用于调节超临界萃取溶剂的压力和流速的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07503340B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-17

申请号：US11240421

申请日：2005-09-30

申请人： Matthew S. Klee ,  Michael Q. Thompson ,  James D. McCurry ,  Paul C. Dryden

发明人： Matthew S. Klee ,  Michael Q. Thompson ,  James D. McCurry ,  Paul C. Dryden

IPC分类号： F16K31/12 ,  G01N30/02

CPC分类号： G05D7/0676 ,  G01N30/32 ,  G01N30/463 ,  Y10T137/7761

摘要： A system for controlling fluid flow comprises a first fluid conduit having a length, an inner diameter, an input pressure and an output pressure, and a second fluid conduit having a length, an inner diameter, an input pressure and an output pressure where the output pressure of the first fluid conduit is the input pressure of the second fluid conduit. The system also comprises a pressure sensor configured to determine the output pressure of the first fluid conduit, and a controller configured to control the output pressure of the first fluid conduit, thereby establishing a desired fluid flow through the second fluid conduit based on the length of the second fluid conduit, the inner diameter of the second fluid conduit, the temperature of the second fluid conduit and the type of fluid flowing in the second fluid conduit.

摘要翻译： 用于控制流体流动的系统包括具有长度，内径，输入压力和输出压力的第一流体导管和具有长度，内径，输入压力和输出压力的第二流体导管，其中输出 第一流体导管的压力是第二流体导管的输入压力。 该系统还包括被配置为确定第一流体导管的输出压力的压力传感器，以及被配置为控制第一流体导管的输出压力的控制器，从而基于第一流体导管的长度来建立通过第二流体导管的期望流体流 第二流体导管，第二流体导管的内径，第二流体导管的温度和在第二流体导管中流动的流体的类型。

公开(公告)号：US6112161A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US932150

申请日：1997-09-17

申请人： Paul C. Dryden ,  Bruce D. Quimby

发明人： Paul C. Dryden ,  Bruce D. Quimby

IPC分类号： G01N30/86

CPC分类号： G01N30/8603 ,  G01N30/8624 ,  G01N2030/8854 ,  G01N30/8606 ,  G01N30/8641

摘要： A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for enhanced integration of signals, such as those generated by chromatographs. In one embodiment an approximate baseline used for integration of a signal is improved to reduce error. Alternate embodiments filter drift, noise, or both from a signal prior to integration or simulated distillation. The signals are processed according to a computer program stored in a memory. The methods include steps for subtracting an approximate baseline from the signal, defining a noise band in the resulting difference, and forming a composite baseline by substituting signal data for baseline data wherever the difference does not exceed the threshold, thus leaving the parts of the approximate baseline that correspond to signal peaks unchanged.

摘要翻译： 用于增强信号集成的方法，装置和制品，例如由色谱仪产生的信号。 在一个实施例中，用于信号积分的近似基线被改进以减少误差。 替代实施例在集成或模拟蒸馏之前从信号滤波漂移，噪声或二者。 信号根据存储在存储器中的计算机程序进行处理。 这些方法包括从信号中减去近似基线的步骤，在所得到的差值中定义噪声带，并通过将信号数据代入基线数据形成复合基线，无论差值不超过阈值，因此留下近似的部分 对应于信号峰的基线不变。

公开(公告)号：US5322626A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-21

申请号：US13899

申请日：1993-02-05

申请人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest H. Zerenner

发明人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest H. Zerenner

IPC分类号： B01D11/02 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/28 ,  G01N30/32 ,  B01D15/08

CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 ,  G01N30/28 ,  G01N2030/324 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32

摘要： Methods and apparatus for extracting sample components from complex matrices using supercritical fluid as the principal extracting solvent are disclosed. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the solvent power of a supercritical fluid is stepwise settable by the parameters of density, modifier concentration, and temperature. Accordingly, methods and apparatus for extracting a component from a sample using fluid flow system having a variable and controllable flow restriction are disclosed. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of inserting the sample into the sample container section, inputting temperature, pressure, flow rate and extraction time set points. Flow rate is controlled and system pressure regulated by the variable flow restriction. The output stream from the extraction is then expanded through a nozzle and into a trap. In certain embodiments, the trap is filled with chemically active packing material. In other embodiments, a fractionation zone and other analytical instruments are coupled to the apparatus of the present invention. Methods and apparatus for rinsing the extraction instrument and for diluting the extraction fluid are also disclosed. Methods for operating a supercritical fluid extraction systems comprising a pressure and thermal control systems which are programmable to regulate the system to maintain such values within the design specifications during the extraction process.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用超临界流体作为主要提取溶剂从复杂基质中提取样品组分的方法和装置。 本发明利用超临界流体的溶剂功率可以通过密度参数，改性剂浓度和温度来逐步设定的事实。 因此，公开了使用具有可变和可控流量限制的流体流动系统从样品中提取组分的方法和装置。 本发明的方法包括将样品插入样品容器部分，输入温度，压力，流速和提取时间设定点的步骤。 流量控制，系统压力由可变流量限制调节。 然后将来自提取的输出流通过喷嘴扩展并进入陷阱。 在某些实施方案中，捕集器填充有化学活性填料。 在其他实施例中，分馏区和其它分析仪器耦合到本发明的装置。 还公开了用于冲洗提取仪器和稀释萃取流体的方法和装置。 用于操作超临界流体提取系统的方法包括压力和热控制系统，其可编程以调节系统以在提取过程期间将该值保持在设计规范内。

公开(公告)号：US5240603A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-31

申请号：US804155

申请日：1991-12-06

申请人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest H. Zerenner

发明人： Lenore R. Frank ,  Christopher M. Wurm ,  Paul C. Dryden ,  Steven J. Engel ,  Mark A. Nickerson ,  Ernest H. Zerenner

IPC分类号： B01D11/00 ,  B01D11/02 ,  G01N30/00 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/28 ,  G01N30/32 ,  G01N31/00

CPC分类号： G01N30/28 ,  B01D11/0203 ,  G01N2030/324 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32

摘要： Methods and apparatus for extracting sample components from complex matrices using supercritical fluid as the principal extracting solvent are disclosed. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the solvent power of a supercritical fluid is stepwise settable by the parameters of density, modifier concentration, and temperature. Accordingly, methods and apparatus for extracting a component from a sample using fluid flow system having a variable and controllable flow restriction are disclosed. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of inserting the sample into the sample container section, inputting temperature, pressure, flow rate and extraction time set points. Flow rate is controlled and system pressure regulated by the variable flow restriction. The output stream from the extraction is then expanded through a nozzle and into a trap. In certain embodiments, the trap is filled with chemically active packing material. In other embodiments, a fractionation zone and other analytical instruments are coupled to the apparatus of the present invention. Methods and apparatus for rinsing the extraction instrument and for diluting the extraction fluid are also disclosed. Methods for operating a supercritical fluid extraction systems comprising a pressure and thermal control systems which are programmable to regulate the system to maintain such values within the design specifications during the extraction process are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用超临界流体作为主要提取溶剂从复杂基质中提取样品组分的方法和装置。 本发明利用超临界流体的溶剂功率可以通过密度参数，改性剂浓度和温度来逐步设定的事实。 因此，公开了使用具有可变和可控流量限制的流体流动系统从样品中提取组分的方法和装置。 本发明的方法包括将样品插入样品容器部分，输入温度，压力，流速和提取时间设定点的步骤。 流量控制，系统压力由可变流量限制调节。 然后将来自提取的输出流通过喷嘴扩展并进入陷阱。 在某些实施方案中，捕集器填充有化学活性填料。 在其他实施例中，分馏区和其它分析仪器耦合到本发明的装置。 还公开了用于冲洗提取仪器和稀释萃取流体的方法和装置。 还公开了用于操作超临界流体提取系统的方法，其包括压力和热控制系统，其可编程以调节系统以在提取过程期间将该值保持在设计规范内。