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公开(公告)号：US06993983B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-07
申请号：US10313660
申请日：2002-12-06
申请人： Bruno Patrice Bernard Lequesne , Donald T. Morelli , Thaddeus Schroeder , Thomas Wolfgang Nehl , Thomas Allen Baudendistel
发明人： Bruno Patrice Bernard Lequesne , Donald T. Morelli , Thaddeus Schroeder , Thomas Wolfgang Nehl , Thomas Allen Baudendistel
IPC分类号： G01L1/12
摘要： A magnetostrictive force sensor universally usable in any environment with similar signals unaffected by the surrounding material. To this end, a sensor comprising a shaft of magnetostrictive material with an inductance coil wound around the shaft is provided with a magnetic shell enclosing the coil only or both the coil and the shaft. Upon application of the magnetic field, the resultant flow of magnetic flux is confined to a path through the shaft and the magnetic shell. By confining the magnetic flux path, the dependency of the sensor signal on the surrounding material and environment is essentially eliminated.
摘要翻译： 一种磁致伸缩力传感器，可在任何环境中使用，具有不受周围材料影响的相似信号。 为此，包括具有卷绕在轴上的电感线圈的磁致伸缩材料轴的传感器设置有只包围线圈或线圈和轴两者的磁性壳。 在施加磁场时，所产生的磁通流被限制在通过轴和磁性壳的路径上。 通过限制磁通路径，基本上消除了传感器信号对周围材料和环境的依赖性。
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公开(公告)号：US07024946B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US10763499
申请日：2004-01-23
申请人： Thomas Wolfgang Nehl , Thomas Hubert Van Steenkiste , John R. Smith , Brian K Fuller , Avoki M. Omekanda , Donald T. Morelli , Joseph V. Mantese
发明人： Thomas Wolfgang Nehl , Thomas Hubert Van Steenkiste , John R. Smith , Brian K Fuller , Avoki M. Omekanda , Donald T. Morelli , Joseph V. Mantese
IPC分类号： G01L3/10
摘要： The subject invention provides an assembly for measuring movement of and a torque applied to a shaft extending between first and second ends and being hollow, specifically for measuring rotation and twisting of the shaft. A permanent magnet is disposed within the shaft for producing a parallel magnetic field emanating radially from the shaft. A sensor mechanism is positioned adjacent the shaft to detect the magnetic flux produced in response to the shaft being moved. The sensor mechanism includes a magnetostrictive (MR) material disposed annularly about the shaft and extends between first and second edges. A flux collector extends beyond the first and second edges of the magnetostrictive material to direct the magnetic flux through a Hall sensor to detect an axial component of the magnetic flux in response to twisting. A positional ring extends annularly around and spaced from the shaft and a positional sensor is disposed between the positional ring and the shaft for measuring a radial component of the magnetic flux in response to rotating.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于测量施加到在第一和第二端之间延伸并且是中空的轴的转矩和扭矩的组件，具体地用于测量轴的旋转和扭转。 永磁体设置在轴内，用于产生从轴径向发出的平行磁场。 传感器机构定位在轴附近，以检测响应于轴被移动产生的磁通量。 传感器机构包括围绕轴设置成环状并在第一和第二边缘之间延伸的磁致伸缩（MR）材料。 磁通收集器延伸超出磁致伸缩材料的第一和第二边缘，以引导磁通量通过霍尔传感器，以响应于扭转来检测磁通量的轴向分量。 位置环围绕轴线环绕并且间隔开，并且位置传感器设置在位置环和轴之间，用于响应于旋转来测量磁通量的径向分量。
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公开(公告)号：US07234361B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-26
申请号：US11034440
申请日：2005-01-11
摘要： A sensor assembly for measuring force along an axis (F) comprises an inductance coil extending around the axis (F) for establishing a loop of magnetic flux looping axially through the coil and extending around the axis (F) to define a donut shaped ring of magnetic flux surrounding the axis (F). A core of magnetostrictive material provides a primary path for the magnetic flux in a first portion of the loop of magnetic flux and a magnetic carrier provides a return path for magnetic flux in a second portion of the loop of magnetic flux as the magnetic flux circles the coil through the core and the carrier. A first interface extends radially between the core and the carrier whereby the core and the carrier are urged together at the interface in response to a force applied parallel to the axis (F). Various embodiments or combinations of the core and carrier are illustrated in FIGS. 3–7.
摘要翻译： 用于沿轴线（F）测量力的传感器组件包括围绕轴线（F）延伸的电感线圈，用于沿轴线（F）绕轴线（F）建立一个环绕磁通量的环路，并且围绕轴线（F）延伸以形成环形环 围绕轴线（F）的磁通量。 磁致伸缩材料的核心提供磁通环路的第一部分中的磁通量的主路径，并且磁性载体在磁通环路的第二部分中提供用于磁通量的返回路径， 线圈通过芯和载体。 第一界面在芯体和载体之间径向延伸，由此芯体和载体响应于平行于轴线（F）施加的力而在界面处被推动在一起。 图1和图2中示出了芯和载体的各种实施例或组合。 3-7。
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公开(公告)号：US06941824B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US10423317
申请日：2003-04-25
IPC分类号： G01L1/12
摘要： A magnetic force sensor and method for measuring a force applied to an object. A magnetostrictive element mounted on at least a portion of the object is subjected to a prestress. A conductive coil is wound around at least a portion of the magnetostrictive element. An excitation source, which includes one of a current source and a voltage source, excites the conductive coil. A detection circuit detects one of an induced voltage across the conductive coil and a voltage drop across a resistor in series with the conductive coil. The detected voltage can be used to determine the applied force. A second coil can be used in a bipolar sensor or to correct for variations in ambient conditions.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量施加到物体的力的磁力传感器和方法。 安装在物体的至少一部分上的磁致伸缩元件经受预应力。 导电线圈缠绕在磁致伸缩元件的至少一部分上。 包括电流源和电压源之一的激励源激励导电线圈。 检测电路检测导电线圈两端的感应电压和与导电线圈串联的电阻器两端的电压降之一。 检测到的电压可用于确定施加的力。 第二个线圈可用于双极传感器或校正环境条件的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US07362096B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-22
申请号：US11256483
申请日：2005-10-21
申请人： Larry M. Oberdier , Thaddeus Schroeder , Robert J. Disser , Tina M. Dewar , Thomas A. Baudendistel , Bruno Lequesne , Donald T. Morelli
发明人： Larry M. Oberdier , Thaddeus Schroeder , Robert J. Disser , Tina M. Dewar , Thomas A. Baudendistel , Bruno Lequesne , Donald T. Morelli
摘要： An apparatus (10) is set forth for measuring a return signal of a magnetostrictive sensor (20) that detects a force, torque, or pressure. The return signal includes noise, a DC resistance (44), an AC resistance and an inductance and the inductance is shifted ninety degrees from the AC resistance. The apparatus (10) includes a sensor filter (22) to remove the noise from the return signal. A sensor filter (22) shifts the return signal and more specifically, the inductance by an additional angle and the sum of the additional angle and the ninety degrees phase shift is defined as the final detection angle. To detect the inductance at the final detection angle, a wave filter (16) and a reference filter (28) shifts a reference signal by the final detection angle to trigger a first demodulator (26) to detect the inductance at the final detection angle. The inductance detected by the first demodulator (26) varies due to temperature. To remove the temperature from the measured inductance, the apparatus includes a DC detection circuit (42) to detect the DC resistance which is proportional to the temperature across the sensor (20). The DC resistance and the measure inductance are inserted into a correction equation to produce a corrected inductance which is independent of temperature. Instead of inductance, an AC resistance may be used in the equation.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于测量检测力，扭矩或压力的磁致伸缩传感器（20）的返回信号的装置（10）。 返回信号包括噪声，直流电阻（44），交流电阻和电感，电感从交流电阻偏移九十度。 装置（10）包括用于从返回信号中去除噪声的传感器滤波器（22）。 传感器滤波器（22）将返回信号更具体地将电感移位一个额外的角度，并将附加角和90度相移之和定义为最终检测角度。 为了在最终检测角度检测电感，滤波器（16）和参考滤波器（28）将参考信号移位最终检测角度，以触发第一解调器（26）以检测最终检测角度的电感。 由第一解调器（26）检测的电感由于温度而变化。 为了从测量的电感中去除温度，该装置包括一个DC检测电路（42），用于检测与传感器（20）两端的温度成比例的直流电阻。 将直流电阻和测量电感插入到校正方程中以产生与温度无关的校正电感。 代替电感，可以在等式中使用AC电阻。
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6.发明授权Thermoelectrically heated/cooled seat with improved transient response using a proportioning valve 失效热电加热/冷却座椅，使用比例阀提高瞬态响应公开(公告)号：US07610767B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US11148527
申请日：2005-06-09
CPC分类号： B60N2/5657 , B60H1/00285 , B60H1/00478 , B60H2001/003 , B60N2/5628
摘要： A thermo-electric device has a seat side and a cabin side for delivering heating and cooling air from a HVAC module to seat passages of a vehicle seat assembly. A selector is included for setting a desired or control temperature Tcontrol of the seat assembly. A comparator is included for determining the temperature difference ΔT between the actual temperature of the seat assembly Tseat and the desired or selected temperature Tcontrol. A controller simultaneously adjusts a proportioning valve and adjusts the electrical current to the thermoelectric device in relationship to one another in response to the temperature difference ΔT.
摘要翻译： 热电装置具有座位侧和车厢侧，用于将加热和冷却空气从HVAC模块传送到车辆座椅组件的座椅通道。 包括选择器用于设置座椅组件的所需或控制温度Tcontrol。 包括比较器，用于确定座椅组件Tseat的实际温度与所需或选择的温度Tcontrol之间的温差DeltaT。 控制器同时调节比例阀并根据温差DeltaT相互调节相对于热电装置的电流。
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7.发明授权Thermoelectric materials comprising nanoscale inclusions to enhance seebeck coefficient 失效包含纳米尺度夹杂物的热电材料增强了贝贝克系数公开(公告)号：US07365265B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-29
申请号：US11152664
申请日：2005-06-14
CPC分类号： H01L35/16 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/948
摘要： A thermoelectric material having enhanced Seebeck coefficient is characterized by a microstructure comprising nanoscale Pb inclusions dispersed in matrix substantially composed of PbTe. The excess Pb is obtained either by adding Pb in an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount needed to form PbTe, or by adding an additive effective to getter Te so as to produce the desired excess. The method is generally applicable to enhance thermoelectric properties of compounds of Pb, Sn or Ge, and Te, Se, or S.
摘要翻译： 具有增强的塞贝克系数的热电材料的特征在于包含分散在基本上由PbTe组成的基质中的纳米级Pb夹杂物的微结构。 通过添加大于形成PbTe所需的化学计量的量的Pb或通过添加对吸附剂Te有效的添加剂以产生所需的过量而获得过量的Pb。 该方法通常适用于提高Pb，Sn或Ge，Te，Se或S的化合物的热电性能。
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公开(公告)号：US07146866B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10973011
申请日：2004-10-25
IPC分类号： G01L1/12
摘要： A magnetostrictive strain sensor (10) includes a magnetostrictive core (12) comprising a magnetostrictive material, such as a nickel-iron alloy, able to conduct a magnetic flux and whose permeability is alterable by application of a strain. A conductive coil (14) is proximate the magnetostrictive core (12) to generate the magnetic flux when electrically excited. A shell (16) surrounds the conductive coil (14) and the magnetostrictive core (12) for providing a conductive return path for the magnetic flux. An excitation source (18) is electrically connected to the conductive coil (14) for electrically exciting the conductive coil (14) with an alternating current having a constant magnitude. An in-phase voltage circuit (22) is electrically connected across the conductive coil (14). The in-phase voltage circuit (22) senses an in-phase voltage that is in-phase with the alternating current. The in-phase voltage varies correspondingly to the strain subjected to the magnetostrictive core (12). A processor (24) is operatively connected to the in-phase voltage circuit (22) to determine the strain applied to said magnetostrictive core (12) by comparing the in-phase voltage to a predetermined relationship between strain and in-phase voltage.
摘要翻译： 磁致伸缩应变传感器（10）包括磁致伸缩芯（12），其包括能够传导磁通并且通过施加应变可改变磁通量的磁致伸缩材料，例如镍 - 铁合金。 导电线圈（14）靠近磁致伸缩芯（12）以在电激励时产生磁通量。 外壳（16）围绕导电线圈（14）和磁致伸缩芯（12），用于为磁通提供导电返回路径。 激励源（18）电连接到导电线圈（14），用于以具有恒定大小的交流电激励导电线圈（14）。 同相电压电路（22）跨导电线圈（14）电连接。 同相电压电路（22）感测与交流电同相的同相电压。 同相电压对应于经受磁致伸缩芯（12）的应变而变化。 处理器（24）可操作地连接到同相电压电路（22），以通过将同相电压与应变和同相电压之间的预定关系进行比较来确定施加到所述磁致伸缩芯（12）的应变。
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公开(公告)号：US4978938A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US426245
申请日：1989-10-25
摘要： A magnetoresistive sensor that includes a very thin film of monocrystalline semiconductive material, having at least a moderate carrier mobility and no greater than a moderate carrier density. The device includes means for inducing or enhancing an accumulation layer adjacent the film outer surface. With film thicknesses below 5 micrometers, preferably below 3 micrometers, the presence of the accumulation layer can have a very noticeable effect. The unexpected improvement provides a significant apparent increase in mobility and conductivity of the semiconductive material, and an actual increase in magnetic sensitivity and temperature insensitivity. A method for making the sensor is also described.
摘要翻译： 一种磁阻传感器，其包括非常薄的单晶半导体材料，至少具有适度的载流子迁移率且不大于中等载流子密度。 该装置包括用于诱导或增强邻近胶片外表面的聚集层的装置。 当膜厚度低于5微米，优选低于3微米时，积聚层的存在可以具有非常明显的效果。 意想不到的改进提供了半导体材料的迁移率和电导率的显着增加，并且磁敏感性和温度不敏感性的实际增加。 还描述了制造传感器的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20090235969A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-24
申请号：US12359052
申请日：2009-01-23
CPC分类号： C01B19/007 , C01B19/002 , C01P2006/40 , H01L35/16 , H01L35/34 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A thermoelectric material and a method of fabricating a thermoelectric material are provided. The thermoelectric material includes a compound having an elemental formula of A1−xB1+yC2+z and having a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 20 parts-per-million per degree Celsius in at least one direction at one or more operating temperatures. The A component of the compound includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of: at least one Group Ia element and at least one Group Ib element, the B component of the compound includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of: at least one Group V element and at least one Group VIII element, and the C component of the compound includes at least one Group VI element. In addition, x is between −0.2 and 0.3, y is between −0.2 and 0.4, and z is between −0.2 and 0.8. Furthermore, the A component includes no more than 95 atomic % silver when the B component includes antimony and the C component includes tellurium, the B component includes no more than 95 atomic % antimony when the A component includes silver and the C component includes tellurium, and the C component includes no more than 95 atomic % tellurium when the A component includes silver and the B component includes antimony.
摘要翻译： 提供热电材料和制造热电材料的方法。 热电材料包括具有A1-xB1 + yC2 + z的元素式的化合物，并且在一个或多个工作温度下，在至少一个方向上的热膨胀系数大于每百万摄氏度20百万分之一。 化合物的A组分包括至少一种选自以下的元素：至少一种Ia族元素和至少一种Ib族元素，该化合物的B成分包括至少一种选自以下的元素： 至少一个V族元素和至少一个VIII族元素，并且该化合物的C成分包括至少一个VI族元素。 此外，x在-0.2和0.3之间，y在-0.2和0.4之间，z在-0.2和0.8之间。 此外，当B成分含有锑，C成分含有碲时，A成分含有不超过95原子％的银，当A成分含有银时，B成分含有不超过95原子％的锑，C成分含有碲， 当A成分含有银，B成分含有锑时，C成分含有不超过95原子％的碲。
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