公开(公告)号：US20210141034A1

公开(公告)日：2021-05-13

申请号：US17097349

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/022 ,  G01B7/31 ,  G01R33/385

Abstract: An apparatus for producing magnetic field gradients includes (a) a first planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a first magnetic field gradient with respect to a first axis, (b) a second planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a second magnetic field gradient with respect to a second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis, (c) a third planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a third magnetic field gradient with respect to a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes, and (d) a controller configured to selectively provide power to the first, second, and/or third electromagnet coil sets to sequentially produce a localization magnetic field gradient with respect to each of the first, second, and third axes, at least a portion of each localization magnetic field gradient having a monotonically-varying magnetic field magnitude along a respective axis.

公开(公告)号：US11944423B2

公开(公告)日：2024-04-02

申请号：US17097421

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/05 ,  G01B7/31 ,  G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/385

CPC classification number: A61B5/073 ,  A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/076 ,  A61B5/6861 ,  G01B7/31 ,  G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/385 ,  A61B2562/0223

Abstract: A method for in-vivo monitoring of a target internal volume of a mammal that includes: (a) placing the target internal volume proximal to a three-dimensional magnetic field generator; (b) generating first, second, and third magnetic field gradients along respective first, second, and third axes that are mutually orthogonal; (c) measuring first, second, and third magnetic fields with a three-dimensional magnetic sensor disposed in an ingestible capsule, the ingestible capsule disposed in the target internal volume; (d) with a controller in electrical communication with the three-dimensional magnetic sensor, generating a magnetic sensor output signal that encodes a measurement of the first, second, and third magnetic fields; (e) broadcasting the magnetic sensor output signal from an antenna disposed in the ingestible capsule, and (f) receiving the magnetic sensor output signal with a receiver. The received magnetic field data can be used to determine the three-dimensional position of the ingestible capsule.

公开(公告)号：US20240264247A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-08

申请号：US18430936

申请日：2024-02-02

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Hayward Melton ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/028 ,  A61B5/06 ,  G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/0286 ,  A61B5/062 ,  G01R33/0206

Abstract: A three-dimensional on-chip magnetic sensor includes first, second, and third coils. The first and second coils include respective planar spirals formed by metal layers and metal vias. Each planar spiral of the first coil includes first interconnected loops wound about a first axis, where neighboring first planar spirals are electrically connected to each other. Each planar spiral of the second coil includes second interconnected loops wound about a second axis, where neighboring second planar spirals are electrically connected to each other. The third coil has a planar spiral includes third interconnected loops that are wound about a third axis. Each electrically conductive coil is configured to produce a respective electromagnetic force (EMF) induced by an oscillating magnetic field, the respective EMF driving a respective alternating current (AC) through the respective readout circuit. Each readout circuit is configured to detect a respective peak voltage magnitude of the respective AC.

公开(公告)号：US20240264246A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-08

申请号：US18430870

申请日：2024-02-02

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/0206

Abstract: An on-chip electrical coil includes a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of metal layers disposed on the semiconductor substrate; a plurality of insulator layers disposed on the semiconductor substrate, each insulator layer disposed between a pair of neighboring metal layers to form an alternating arrangement of metal layers and insulator layers; a plurality of metal vias defined in the insulator layers, each metal via electrically connecting a respective pair of neighboring metal layers; and a planar spiral formed by the metal layers and the metal vias, the planar spiral including a plurality of interconnected loops, each loop including two metal wires disposed in respective metal layers, an intra-loop column that electrically connects the two metal wires of a respective loop, and an inter-loop column that electrically connects one of the metal wires of the respective loop to one of the metal wires in a subsequent loop.

公开(公告)号：US11903595B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-20

申请号：US17813177

申请日：2022-07-18

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Abhinav Agarwal ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B17/17 ,  G01B7/31

CPC classification number: A61B17/1707 ,  A61B17/1725 ,  G01B7/31

Abstract: A three dimensional magnetic sensor attached to a surgical nail is located based on an applied monotonic magnetic field gradient. Another three dimensional magnetic sensor locates a surgical drill. A display generates a real time image of the relative alignment of the surgical drill and of the surgical nail, allowing a surgeon to repair bone fractures.

公开(公告)号：US11457835B2

公开(公告)日：2022-10-04

申请号：US17097349

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: G01R33/00 ,  A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/05 ,  G01B7/31 ,  G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/385

Abstract: An apparatus for producing magnetic field gradients includes (a) a first planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a first magnetic field gradient with respect to a first axis, (b) a second planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a second magnetic field gradient with respect to a second axis that is orthogonal to the first axis, (c) a third planar electromagnet coil set configured to produce a third magnetic field gradient with respect to a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes, and (d) a controller configured to selectively provide power to the first, second, and/or third electromagnet coil sets to sequentially produce a localization magnetic field gradient with respect to each of the first, second, and third axes, at least a portion of each localization magnetic field gradient having a monotonically-varying magnetic field magnitude along a respective axis.

公开(公告)号：US20210137412A1

公开(公告)日：2021-05-13

申请号：US17097421

申请日：2020-11-13

Applicant: California Institute of Technology

Inventor： Saransh Sharma ,  Mikhail Shapiro ,  Azita Emami

IPC: A61B5/07 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/05

Abstract: A method for in-vivo monitoring of a target internal volume of a mammal that includes: (a) placing the target internal volume proximal to a three-dimensional magnetic field generator; (b) generating first, second, and third magnetic field gradients along respective first, second, and third axes that are mutually orthogonal; (c) measuring first, second, and third magnetic fields with a three-dimensional magnetic sensor disposed in an ingestible capsule, the ingestible capsule disposed in the target internal volume; (d) with a controller in electrical communication with the three-dimensional magnetic sensor, generating a magnetic sensor output signal that encodes a measurement of the first, second, and third magnetic fields; (e) broadcasting the magnetic sensor output signal from an antenna disposed in the ingestible capsule, and (f) receiving the magnetic sensor output signal with a receiver. The received magnetic field data can be used to determine the three-dimensional position of the ingestible capsule.