Abstract:
THIS INVENTION RELATES TO THE CHEMICAL STRENGTHENING OF SINTERED CERAMIC ARTICLES OF HIGH ALUMINA COMPOSITIONS. THE PROCESS OF THE INVENTION COMPRISES CONTACTING A SINTERED ARTICLE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY, BY WEIGHT, OF ABOUT 50-70% ALUMINA AND 26-50%L NEPHELINE SYENTITE, THE TOTAL OF THE ALUMINA AND NEPHELINE SYENITE CONSTITUTING ABOUT 88-100% OF THE ARTICLE, 0-10% KAOLINITIC CLAY, AND 0-2% OF A MINERALIZER, WITH AN EXTERNALL SOURCE OF POTASSIUM IONS SUCH THAT THE POTASSIUM IONS DIFFUSE INOT A SURFACE LAYER WITHIN THE ARTICLE, REPLACING SODIUM IONS ORIGINALLY PRESENT THEREIN, AND THEREBY CAUSING COMPRESSIVE STRESSES TO BE SET UP IN THE SURFACE LAYER RESULTING IN AN INCREASE IN THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF THE ARTICLE WHICH, IN SOME INSTANCES, IS MORE THAN TWICE THAT OF THE UNTREATED ARTICLE.
Abstract:
This invention relates to sound, high strength, laminated articles of glass, glass-ceramic, glass and glass-ceramic materials. Such articles are made by means of a continuous hotforming process wherein glasses are melted for the individual layers and these layers are then simultaneously fused together and shaped into a laminated structure of a desired configuration. Where a glass-ceramic article is desired, the laminated glass structure is subsequently heat treated in a particular manner to cause the glass to crystallize in situ.
Abstract:
An improved method for the manufacture of fine-grained glassceramic articles wherein the crystal phase consists essentially of nepheline with, optionally, a minor amount of feldspar characterized by high mechanical strength and being useful for many consumer ware and technical applications.
Abstract:
THIS INVENTION RELATES TO THE SUPPLEMENTAL STRENGHENING OF LAMINATED ARTICLES OF GLASS FORMED OF A PLURALITY OF FUSED ADJACENT LAMINAE, WHEREIN EACH LAMINA EXHIBITS A STATE OF STRESS OPPOSITE TO THAT OF THE LAMINA CONTIGUOUS THERETO, BY THERMAL TEMPERING SUCH AS TO GREATLY INCREASE THE IMPACT RESISTANCE OF SUCH ARTICLES AND INHIBIT SPONTANEOUS BREAKAGE THEREOF DUE TO BRUISE CHECKING.